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1
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0042499523
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Pew Oceans Comm'n, [hereinafter Pew Report], available at
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PEW OCEANS COMM'N, AMERICA'S LIVING OCEANS: CHARTING-A COURSE FOR SEA CHANGE (2003) [hereinafter PEW REPORT], available at http://www.pewtrusts.org/pdf/env_pew_oceansfinalreport.pdf;
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(2003)
America's Living Oceans: Charting a Course for Sea Change
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3
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0042499523
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Pew Oceans Comm'n, [hereinafter Pew Report], available at ("Ecosystem-based management entails ... a new perspective that acknowledges[:] ... limits to our knowledge; marine ecosystems are inherently unpredictable; ... have functional, historical, and evolutionary limits that constrain human exploitation; ... a fundamental trade-off in fishing ... balanced between fish for human consumption and fish for the rest of the ecosystem; ecosystems are complex, adaptive systems")
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PEW REPORT, supra note 1, at 44 ("Ecosystem-based management entails ... a new perspective that acknowledges[:] ... limits to our knowledge; marine ecosystems are inherently unpredictable; ... have functional, historical, and evolutionary limits that constrain human exploitation; ... a fundamental trade-off in fishing ... balanced between fish for human consumption and fish for the rest of the ecosystem; ecosystems are complex, adaptive systems.").
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(2003)
America's Living Oceans: Charting a Course for Sea Change
, pp. 44
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4
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33745184483
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U.S. Comm'n on Ocean Policy, [hereinafter USCOP Report], available at ("Ecosystem-based management looks at all links among living and nonliving resources, rather than considering single issues in isolation. This system of management considers human activities, their benefits, and their potential impacts within the context of the broader biological and physical environment")
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USCOP REPORT, supra note 1, at 63 ("Ecosystem-based management looks at all links among living and nonliving resources, rather than considering single issues in isolation. This system of management considers human activities, their benefits, and their potential impacts within the context of the broader biological and physical environment.").
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(2003)
An Ocean Blueprint for the 21st Century: Final Report of the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy
, pp. 63
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5
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26944497720
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The statement was signed by 217 academic scientists and policy experts with relevant expertise and published by the Communication Partnership for Science and the Sea
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SCIENTIFIC CONSENSUS STATEMENT ON MARINE ECOSYSTEM-BASED MANAGEMENT 1 (2005), http://compassonline.org/files/inline/ EBM%20Consensus%20Statement_FINAL_July%62012_v12.pdf. The statement was signed by 217 academic scientists and policy experts with relevant expertise and published by the Communication Partnership for Science and the Sea.
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(2005)
Scientific Consensus Statement on Marine Ecosystem-Based Management
, pp. 1
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6
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24144450920
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Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, available at
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MILLENNIUM ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT, ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING: SYNTHESIS v-vi (2005), available at http://www.maweb.org/en/ Products.aspx?.
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(2005)
Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Synthesis
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7
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26944458486
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Implementing Ecosystem-based Approaches to Management for Conservation of Ecosystem Services
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270
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A.A. Rosenberg & K.L. McLeod, Implementing Ecosystem-based Approaches to Management for Conservation of Ecosystem Services, 300 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES 270,271 (2005).
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(2005)
300 Marine Ecology Progress Series
, pp. 271
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Rosenberg, A.A.1
McLeod, K.L.2
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8
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33745213594
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Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1996, § 1802
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Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1996, 16 U.S.C. § 1802 (2000).
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(2000)
U.S.C.
, vol.16
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9
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33745187622
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Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1996, § 1802
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See, e.g., id.
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(2000)
U.S.C.
, vol.16
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11
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33745192543
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National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 § 102, § 4332
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National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 § 102, 42 U.S.C. § 4332 (2000).
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(2000)
U.S.C.
, vol.42
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12
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33745218547
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National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 § 102, § 4332 ("The Congress authorizes and directs that ... all agencies of the Federal Government shall ... utilize a systematic, interdisciplinary approach which will insure the integrated use of the natural and social sciences and the environmental design arts in planning and in decisionmaking which may have an impact on man's environment")
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Id. ("The Congress authorizes and directs that ... all agencies of the Federal Government shall ... utilize a systematic, interdisciplinary approach which will insure the integrated use of the natural and social sciences and the environmental design arts in planning and in decisionmaking which may have an impact on man's environment.").
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(2000)
U.S.C.
, vol.42
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13
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33745219887
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Memorandum from James L. Connaughton, Chairman, Executive Office of the President, Council on Environmental Quality, to Heads of Federal Agencies (June 24), available at
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See Memorandum from James L. Connaughton, Chairman, Executive Office of the President, Council on Environmental Quality, to Heads of Federal Agencies (June 24, 2005), available at http://ceq.eh.doe.gov/nepa/regs/ guidance.html.
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(2005)
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19
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26944497720
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The statement was signed by 217 academic scientists and policy experts with relevant expertise and published by the Communication Partnership for Science and the Sea
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SCIENTIFIC CONSENSUS STATEMENT ON MARINE ECOSYSTEM-BASED MANAGEMENT, supra note 4, at 1.
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(2005)
Scientific Consensus Statement on Marine Ecosystem-Based Management
, pp. 1
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