Multi-frequency scatterometer measurements on water surfaces agitated by artificial and natural rain

International Journal of Remote Sensing

Volumn 27, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 27-39

  Braun, Nicole ^a,b   Gade, M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG   (Germany)

^b INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS RESEARCH   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MEASUREMENT THEORY; POLARIZATION; RAIN; SCATTERING; SURFACE PROPERTIES;

BRAGG SCATTERING; MULTI-FREQUENCY SCATTEROMETER MEASUREMENTS; WATER SURFACES;

RADAR IMAGING;

BACKSCATTER; IMAGE ANALYSIS; RAINFALL; SCATTEROMETER; SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR;

EID: 33745109392     PISSN: 01431161     EISSN: 13665901     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01431160500239214     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Atlas, D. (1994) Footprints of storm on the sea: A view from a spaceborne synthetic aperture radar. Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, pp. 7961-7969.
2. Bliven, L. F. and Branger, H. and Sobieski, P. and Giovanangeli, J.-R. (1993) An analysis of scatterometer returns from a water surface agitated by artificial rain: Evidence that ring waves are the main feature. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 14, pp. 2315-2329.
3. Bliven, L. F. and Sobiesky, P. W. and Craeye, C. (1997) Rain generated ring-waves: Measurements and modelling for remote sensing. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 18, pp. 221-228.
4. Braun, N. (2003) Untersuchungen zur Radar-Rückstreuung und Wellendämpfung beregneter Wasseroberflächen. In. Dissertation, Shaker Verlag, Aachen, Germany
5. Braun, N. and Gade, M. and Lange, P. A. (2002) The effect of artificial rain on wave spectra and multi-polarization X band radar backscatter. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 23, pp. 4305-4323.
6. Craeye, C. (1998) Radar signature of the sea surface perturbed by rain, PhD thesis, Université Catholique de Louvain, France. In.
7. Contreras, R. F. and Plant, W. J. and Keller, W. C. and Hayes, K. and Nystuen, J. (2003) Effects of rain on Ku-band backscatter from the ocean. In Journal of Geophysical Research. (pp. 3165). DOI 10.1029/ 2001JC001255
8. Fu, L. and Holt, B. (1982) Seasat views of the oceans and sea ice with synthetic aperture radar. JPL Publication 81-120, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, pp. 106-107.
9. Hansen, J. P. (1986) Rain backscatter tests dispel old theories. Microwaves and RF Journal, 6, pp. 97-102.
10. Houk, D. and Green, T. (1976) A note on surface waves due to rain. Journal of Geophysical Research, 81, pp. 4482-4484.
11. Hühnerfuß, H. and Lange, P. A. and Teichert, J. and Vollmers, H. (1976) A wind wave tunnel for the investigation of artificial slick wave damping and drift. Meerestechnik (Marine Technology), 7, pp. 23-26.
12. Katsaros, K. and Vachon, P. W. and Black, P. G. and Dodge, P. P. and Uhlhorn, E. W. (2000) Wind fields from SAR: Could they improve our understanding of storm dynamics? Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest, 21, pp. 86-93.
13. Lemaire, D. and Bliven, L. F. and Craeye, C. and Sobieski, P. (2002) Drop size effects on rain-generated ring-waves with a view to remote sensing applications. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 23, pp. 2345-2357.
14. Marshall, J. S. and Palmer, W. M. K. (1948) The distribution of raindrops with size. Journal of Meteorology, 5, pp. 165-166.
15. Melsheimer, C. and Alpers, W. and Gade, M. (1998) Investigation of multi-frequency/multi-polarization radar signatures of rain cells using SIR-C/X-SAR data. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, pp. 18867-18884.
16. Melsheimer, C. and Alpers, W. and Gade, M. (2001) Simultaneous observations of rain cells over the ocean by the synthetic aperture radar aboard the ERS satellites and by surface-based weather radars. Journal of Geophysical Research, 106, pp. 4665-4678.
17. Plant, W. J. and Keller, W. C. and Hayes, K. and Nystuen, J. (2003) Rainfall and river currents retrieved from microwave backscatter. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Geophysical Remote Sensing Symposium. Toulouse, France
18. Romeiser, R. and Alpers, W. and Wismann, V. (1997) An improved composite surface model for the radar backscattering cross section of the ocean surface 1. Theory of the model and optimization/validaton by scatterometer data. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, pp. 25237-25250.
19. Wetzel, L. B. (1990) On the theory of electromagnetic scattering from a raindrop splash. Radio Science, 25, pp. 1183-1197.
20. Willis, P. T. and Tattelman, P. (1989) Drop-size distributions associated with intense rainfall. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 28, pp. 3-15.
21. Wismann, V. (1994) The 5-frequency multi-polarization scatterometer HELISCAT of the University of Hamburg for operation on a small helicopter. Technical Report, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.