Evolution of the treatment options of ulnar collateral ligament injuries of the elbow

British Journal of Sports Medicine

Volumn 40, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 499-506

  Langer, P ^a   Fadale, P ^a   Hulstyn, M ^a  

^a RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATHLETE; ATHLETIC TRAINING STUDENT; BASEBALL; BIOMECHANICS; BONE SCREW; CLINICAL RESEARCH; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT; ELBOW; EXERCISE; FLEXOR MUSCLE; HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION; HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT; HUMAN; LIGAMENT INJURY; LIGAMENT SURGERY; MEDICAL RESEARCH; MUSCLE STRETCHING; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; PHYSIOTHERAPY; REVIEW; SPLINTING; SPORTS MEDICINE; SUTURING METHOD; TREATMENT OUTCOME; ULNA; ULNAR NERVE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ATHLETIC INJURIES; BASEBALL; BIOMECHANICS; COLLATERAL LIGAMENTS; ELBOW JOINT; HUMANS; MALE; SURGICAL PROCEDURES, OPERATIVE; TRACK AND FIELD; TREATMENT OUTCOME; ULNAR NERVE;

EID: 33745057686     PISSN: 03063674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.025072     Document Type: Review

References (46)

1. Bennett GE. Shoulder and elbow lesions of the professional baseball pitcher. JAMA 1941;117:510-14.
2. Tullos HS, King JW. Throwing mechanism in sports. Orthop Clin North Am 1973;4:709-20.
3. King JW, Brelsford H, Tullos HS. Analysis of the pitching arm of the professional baseball pitcher. Clin Orthop 1969;67:116-23.
4. Schwab GH, Bennet JB, Woods GW, et al. The biomechanics of elbow stability: the role of the medial collateral ligament. Clin Orthop 1980;146:42-52.
5. Safran MR. Ulnar collateral ligament injury in the overhead athlete: diagnosis and treatment. Clin Sports Med 2004;23:643-63.
6. Azar FM, Andrews JR, Wilk KE, et al. Operative treatment of ulnar collateral ligament injuries of the elbow in athletes. Am J Sports Med 2000;28:16-23.
7. Jobe FW, Stark H, Lombarde SJ. Reconstruction of the ulnar collateral ligament in athletes. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1986;68:1158-63.
8. Petty DH, Andrews JR, Fleisig GS, et al. Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction in high school baseball players: clinical results and injury risk factors. Am J Sports Med 2004;32:1158-64.
9. Wilson FD, Andrews JR, Blackburn TA, et al. Valgus extension overload in the pitching elbow. Am J Sports Med 1983;11:83-8.
10. Fleisig GS, Andrews JR, Dillman CJ, et al. Kinetics of baseball pitching with implications about injury mechanism. Am J Sports Med 1995;23:233-9.
11. Morrey BF, An KN. Articular and ligamentous contributions to the stability of the elbow joint. Am J Sports Med 1983;11:315-19.
12. Conway JE, Jobe FW, Glousman RE, et al. Medial instability of the elbow in throwing athletes. Treatment by repair or reconstruction of the ulnar collateral ligament. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1992;74:67-83.
13. Fleisig GS, Barrentine SW, Zheng N, et al. Kinematic and kinetic comparison of baseball pitching among various levels of development. J Biomech 1999;32:1371-5.
14. Jobe FW, Kvitne RS. Elbow instability in the athlete. Instr Course Lect 1991;40:17-23.
15. Park MC, Ahmad CS. Dynamic contributions of the flexor-pronator mass to elbow valgus stability. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 2004;86:2268-74.
16. Marshall RN, Elliott BC. Long-axis rotation: the missing link in proximal-to-distal segmental sequencing. J Sports Sci 2000;18:247-54.
17. David TS. Medial elbow pain in the throwing athlete. Orthopedics 2003;26:94-103.
18. Ahmad CS, Park MC, Elattrache NS. Elbow medial ulnar collateral ligament insufficiency alters posteromedial olecranon contact. Am J Sports Med 2004;32:1607-12.
19. Kamineni S, ElAttrache NS, O'Driscoll SW, et al. Medial collateral ligament strain with partial posteromedial olecranon resection. A biomechanical study. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 2004;86:2424-30.
20. Andrews JR, Timmerman LA. Outcome of elbow surgery in professional baseball players. Am J Sports Med 1995;23:407-13.
21. Chen FS, Rokito AS, Jobe FW. Medial elbow problems in the overhead-throwing athlete. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2001;9:99-113.
22. Kooima CL, Anderson K, Craig JV. Evidence of subclinical medial collateral ligament injury and posteromedial impingement in professional baseball players. Am J Sports Med 2004;32:1602-6.
23. Ellenbecker TS, Mattalino AJ, Elam EA, et al. Medial elbow joint laxity in professional baseball pitchers. A bilateral comparison using stress radiography. Am J Sports Med 1998;26:420-4.
24. O'Driscoll SW, Lawton RL, Smith AM. The "moving valgus stress test" for medial collateral ligament tears of the elbow. Am J Sports Med 2005;33:231-9.
25. Field LD, Altchek DW. Evaluation of the arthroscopic valgus instability test of the elbow. Am J Sports Med 1996;24:177-81.
26. Hyman J, Breazeale NM, Altchek DW. Valgus instability of the elbow in athletes. Clin Sports Med 2001;20:25-45.
27. Kibler BW, Sciascia A. Kinetic chain contributions to elbow function and dysfunction in sports. Clin Sports Med 2004;23:545-52, viii.
28. Hamilton CD, Glousman RE, Jobe FW, et al. Dynamic stability of the elbow: electromyographic analysis of the flexor pronator group and the extensor group in pitchers with valgus instability. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 1996;5:347-54.
29. Miller CD, Savoie FH III. Valgus extension injuries of the elbow in the throwing athlete. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 1994;2:261-9.
30. Kenter K, Behr CT, Warren RF, et al. Acute elbow injuries in the National Football League. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2000;9:1-5.
31. Barnes DA, Tullos HS. An analysis of 100 symptomatic baseball players. Am J Sports Med 1978;6:62-7.
32. Rettig AC, Sherrill C, Snead DS, et al. Nonoperative treatment of ulnar collateral ligament injuries in throwing athletes. Am J Sports Med 2001;29:15-17.
33. Cain EL, Dugas JR, Wolf RS, et al. Elbow injuries in throwing athletes: a current concepts review. Am J Sports Med 2003;31:621-35.
34. Salvo JP, Rizio L 3rd, Zvijac JE, et al. vulsion fracture of the ulnar sublime tubercle in overhead throwing athletes. Am J Sports Med 2002;30:426-31.
35. Kuroda S, Sakamaki K. Ulnar collateral ligament tears of the elbow joint. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1986;208:266-171.
36. Norwood LA, Shook JA, Andrews JR. Acute medial elbow ruptures. Am J Sports Med 1981;9:16-19.
37. Armstrong AD, Dunning CE, Ferreira LM, et al. A biomechanical comparison of four reconstruction techniques for the medial collateral ligament-deficient elbow. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2005;14:207-15.
38. Regan WD, Korinek SL, Morrey BF, et al. Biomechanical study of ligaments around the elbow joint. Clin Orthop 1991;271:170-9.
39. Smith GR, Altchek DW, Pagnani MJ, et al. A muscle splitting approach to the ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow. Neuroanatomy and operative technique. Am J Sports Med 1996;24:575-80.
40. Thompson WH, Jobe FW, Yocum LA, et al. Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction in throwing athletes: muscle-splitting approach without transposition of the ulnar nerve. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2001;10:152-7.
41. Mullen DJ, Goradia VK, Parks BG, et al. A biomechanical study of stability of the elbow to valgus stress before and after reconstruction of the medial collateral ligament. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2002;11:259-64.
42. Hechtman KS, Tjin-A-Tsoi EW, Zvijac JE, et al. Biomechanics of a less invasive procedure for reconstruction of the ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow. Am J Sports Med 1998;26:620-4.
43. Williams RJ, Urquhart ER, Altchek DW. Medial collateral ligament tears in the throwing athlete. Instr Course Lecture 2004;53:579-86.
44. Rohrbough JT, Altchek DW, Hyman J, et al. Medical collateral ligament reconstruction of the elbow using the docking technique. Am J Sports Med 2002;30:541-8.
45. Ochi N, Ogura T, Hashizume H, et al. Anatomic relation between the medial collateral ligament of the elbow and the humeroulnar joint axis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 1999;8:6-10.
46. Ahmad CS, Lee TQ, ElAttrache NS. Biomechanical evaluation of a new ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction technique with interference screw fixation. Am J Sports Med 2003;31:332-7.