Colonial capital, modernist capital, global capital: The changing political symbolism of urban space in Metro Manila, the Philippines

Pacific Affairs

Volumn 78, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 577-600

  Shatkin, Gavin ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DEMOCRACY; GLOBAL ECONOMY; POLITICAL CHANGE; POLITICAL SYSTEM; URBAN DEVELOPMENT; URBAN POLITICS;

ASIA; EURASIA; MANILA; NATIONAL CAPITAL; PHILIPPINES; SOUTHEAST ASIA;

EID: 33745053413     PISSN: 0030851X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5509/2005784577     Document Type: Article

References (78)

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6. Some of the most notable examples include: Lily Kong and Brenda Yeoh, The Politics of Landscapes in Singapore: Constructions of 'Nation' (Syracuse: Syracure University Press, 2003);
7. Gerard Lico, Edifice Complex: Power Myth and Marcos State Architecture (Quezon City. Ateneo de Manila University Press, 2003);
8. Tim Bunnell, "Cities for Nations?: Examining the City-Nation-State Relation in Information Age Malaysia," International Journal of Urban and Rigional Research, vol. 26, no. 2 (2002), pp. 284-298;
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10. and Aprodicio Laquian, The City in Natoin-Building: Politics and Administration in Metropolitan Manila (Manila: University of the Philippines, 1966).
11. Metro Manila is a metropolitan area made up of 17 cities and municipalities, of which the city of Manila is one. The term Metro Manila will be used throughout the paper to refer to the metropolitan area as a whole - where the term Manila is used it refers only to the city of Manila.
12. James Holston, The Modernist City: An Anthropoligical Critique of Brasilia (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989);
13. Anthony King, "Cultural Hegemony and Capital Cities," in John Taylor, Jean Lengelle and Caroline Andrew, eds., Capital Cities. International Perspectives (Ottawa: Carleton University Press, 1993), pp. 251-270.
14. Rappoport, "On the Nature of Capitals and their Physical Expression," p. 36.
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16. Rappoport, "On the Nature of Capitals and their Physical Expression," p. 36.
17. Kong and Yeoh, The Politics of Landscapes in Singapore.
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34. McCoy and Roces, Philippine Cartoons.
35. James Holston, The Modernist City: An Anthropological Critique of Brasilia (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989).
36. Caoili, The Origins of Metro Manila.
37. The following account draws heavily on an excellent account by Michael Pinches, "Modernization and the quest for modernity: architectural form, squatter settlements and the new society in Manila," in Marc Askew and William Logan, eds., Cultural Identity and Urban Change in Southeast Asia: Interpretive Essays (Geelong: Deakin University Press, 1994), pp. 13-42.
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42. Hall, "The Changing Role of Capital Cities." Hall's analysis focuses on the case of European capitals, and the discussion here differs from his in significant ways. The categorization is useful nonetheless.
43. David Myers, "The Dynamics of Local Empowerment: An Overview," in David Myers and Henry Dietz, eds., Capital City Politics in Latin America (Boulder: Lynne Riener, 2002), p. 3. This is less so in Metro Manila than in most places because of the highly fragmented nature of the city's politics. Nevertheless, recent Metro Manila mayors who have risen to national political prominence include Joseph Estrada, a former mayor of San Juan who went on to be president, and Alfredo Lim, a current senator who was formerly mayor of Manila.
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49. It is worth noting that the decline in power and influence of national governments in shaping urban spaces has not occurred uniformly in different contexts. In the city-state of Singapore, for example, the national government owns most of the land and has profoundly shaped urban life through the development of public housing. It therefore continues to exercise dominant influence in shaping urban form, even as that influence is exercised through partnership with the private sector. See Kong and Yeoh, The Politics of Landscapes in Singapore, for a discussion of state strategies of nation building in contemporary Singapore through interventions in historic preservation and the development of cemeteries, housing, the arts and other areas.
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71. It is also worth noting that the shrine stands adjacent to Ortigas Center, a major office and commercial complex that has recently come to be Makati's chief rival in providing world-class office space.
72. Lande, "The Return of People Power in the Philippines," p. 94.
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78. Lico, Edifice Complex, p. 3.