Spatial variation of degree-day factors on the observed glaciers in Western China

Dili Xuebao/Acta Geographica Sinica

Volumn 61, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 89-98

  Zhang, Yong ^a   Liu, Shiyin ^a,b   Ding, Yongjian ^a  

^a CAS ^*  (China)

^b INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS   (China)

Author keywords

Degree day factor; Glacier; Melt; Western China

Indexed keywords

ABLATION; CLIMATIC REGION; GLACIER; HEAT BUDGET; REGIONAL PATTERN; SNOWMELT; SPATIAL VARIATION;

ASIA; CHINA; EURASIA; FAR EAST; QINGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAU;

EID: 33744990596     PISSN: 03755444     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Kang Ersi, Yang Zhenniang, Lai Zuming et al. Runoff of snow and ice meltwater and mountainous rivers. In: Shi Yafeng et al. (eds.), Glaciers and Their Environments in China: The Present, Past and Future. Beijing: Science Press, 2000. 190-205.
2. Jansson P, Hock R, Schneider T. The concept of glacier storage: a review. Journal of Hydrology, 2003, 282: 116-129.
3. Yao Tandong, Wang Youqing, Liu Shiyin et al. Recent glacial retreat in high Asia in China and its impact on water resources in Northwest China. Science in China (Series D), 2004, 47(12): 1065-1075.
4. Shi Yafeng. China Glacier Inventory (CGI). Shanghai: Shanghai Kexuepuji Press, 2005. 162-163.
5. Liu Changming, Fu Guobin, Li Lijuan. Water resources and ecological and enbironmental systems construction in West China. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2002, 21(1):7-11.
6. Hock R. Temperature index melt modeling in mountain areas. Journal of Glaciology, 2003, 282: 104-115.
7. Hock R. Glacier melt: a review on processes and their modelling. Progress in Physical Geography, 2005, 29(3):362-391.
8. US Army Corps of Engineers. Runoff evaluation and streamflow simulation by computer. Part-II, US Army Corps of Engineers, North Pacific Division, Portland, Oregon, USA, 1971.
9. WMO. Intercomparison of models for snowmelt runoff. Operational Hydrology Report 23(WMO No.646), 1986.
10. Krenke A N, V G Khodakov. On the correlation between glacier melting and air temperature. Materialy Glyatsiologicheskikh Issledovanii, Khronika, Obsuzhdeniya, 1966, 12: 153-164.
11. Ambach W. Heat balance characteristics and ice ablation, western EGIG-profile, Greenland, Seventh Northern Research Basins Symposium/ Workshop: Applied Hydrology in the Development of Northern Basins, May 25-June 1, Copenhagen Danish Society for Arctic Technology, Ililissat, Greenland, 1988. 59-70.
12. Braithwaite R J. Positive degree-day factor for ablation on the Greenland ice sheet studied by energy: balance modeling. Journal of Glaciology, 1995, 41(137): 153-160.
13. Finsterwalder S, H Schunk. Der Suldenferner. Zeitschrift des Deutschen und Oesterreichischen Alpenvereins, 1887, 18: 72-89.
14. Clyde G D. Snow-melting characteristics. Utah Agricultural Experiment Station Bull., 1931, 231: 1-23.
15. Collins E H. Relationship of degree-day above freezing to runoff. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, Reports and Papers, Hydrology, 1934, 624-629.
16. Corps of Engineers. Summary report of the snow investigations, snow hydrology. US Army Engineer Division (North Pacific, 210 Custom House, Portland, Oregon), 1956, 437.
17. Hoinkes H C, H Steinacker. Hydrometeorological implications of the mass balance of Hintereisfener, 1952-53 to 1968-69. Proceedings of the snow and ice symposium, Moscow 1971, IAHS Publ., 1975, 104: 144-149.
18. Jó hannesson T, O Sigurdsson, T Laumann et al. Degree-day glacier mass-balance modeling with applications to glaciers in Iceland, Norway and Greenland. Journal of Glaciology, 1995, 41(151): 345-358.
19. Oerlemans J, B Anderson, A Hubbard et al. Modelling the response of glaciers to climate warming. Climate Dynamics, 1998, 14: 267-274.
20. Braithwaite R J, Y Zhang. Modelling changes in glacier mass balance that may occur as a result of climate changes. Geografiska Annaler, 1999, 81A (4): 489-496.
21. Braithwaite R J, Y Zhang. Sensitivity of mass balance of five glaciers to temperature changes assessed by tuning a degree-day model. Journal of Glaciology, 2000, 46(152): 7-14.
22. Hock R. A distributed temperature-index ice and snowmelt model including potential direct solar radiation. Journal of Glaciology, 1999, 45(149): 101-111.
23. Liu Shiyin, Xie Zichu, Song Guoping, et al. Mass balance Kangwure (flat-top) Glacier on the north side of Mt. Xixiabangma, China. Bulletin of Glacier Research, 1996, 14: 37-43.
24. Liu Shiying, Ding Yongjian, Ye Baisheng et al. Study on the mass balance of the Glacier No.1 at the headwaters of the Urumqi River using degree-day method. Proceeding of the Fifth Chinese Conference on Glaciology and Geocryology (vol.1), 1996. 197-204.
25. Liu Shiying, Ding Yongjian, Wang Ninglian et al. Mass balance sensitivity to climate change of the Glacier No.1 at the Urumqi River head, Tianshan Mts. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 1998, 20(1): 9-13.
26. Kayastha R B, Yutaka Ageta, Masayoshi Nakawo et al. Positive degree-day factors for ice ablation on four glaciers in the Nepalese Himalayas and Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Bulletin of Glaciological Research, 2003, 20: 7-14.
27. Bergström S. Development and application of a conceptual runoff model for Scandinavian catchments. Department of Water Resources Engineering, Lund Institute of Technology/University of Lund, Bulletin Series A, 1976, 52: 134.
28. Martinec J, A Rango. Parameter values for snowmelt runoff modelling. Journal of Hydrology, 1986, 84: 197-219.
29. Quick M C, A Pipes. UBC watershed model. Hydrol. Sci. Bull., 1977, 221: 153-161.
30. Bøggild C E, C J Knudby, M B. Knudsen et al. Snowmelt and runoff modelling of an arctic hydrological basin in east Greenland. Hydrol. Proc., 1999, 13: 1989-2002.
31. Tangborn W V. Prediction of glacier derived runoff for hydro-electric development. Geografiska Annaler, 1984, 66A (3): 257-265.
32. Schreider S Y, P H Whetton, A J Jakeman et al. Runoff modelling for snow-affected catchments in the Australian alpine region, eastern Victoria. Journal of Hydrology, 1997, 200: 1-23.
33. Arendt A, M Sharp. Energy balance measurements on a Canadian high arctic glacier and their implications for mass balance modeling. In: Tranter M et al. (eds.), Interactions between the Cryosphere, Climate and Greenhouse Gases, Proceedings of the IUGG Symposium, Birmingham 1999: IAHS Publ., 1999, 256: 165-172.
34. Braun L N, W Grabs, B Rana. Application of a conceptual precipitation-runoff model in the Langtang Khola basin, Nepal Himalaya. In: Young G J (ed.), Snow and Glacier Hydrology, Proceedings of the Kathmandu Symposium 1992: IAHS Publ., 1993, 218: 221-237.
35. Rigaudiè re P, P Ribstein, B Francou et al. Un modè le hydrologique du glacier du Zongo. Rapport No.44, ORSTOM, Bolivie., 1995, 90.
36. Singh P, N Kumar. Determination of snowmelt factor in the Himalayan region. Hydrol. Sci. J., 1996, 41(3): 301-310.
37. Ohmura A. Physical basis for the temperature-based melt index method. J. Appl. Meterol., 2001, 40: 753-761.
38. Yao Tandong, Y Ageta et al. Glaciological climate and environment on Qingzang Plateau: the China-Japan Joint Glaciological Expedition to Qingzang Plateau, 1989. Beijing: Science Press, 1993. 60-68.
39. Zhang Jinhua, Bai Chongyuan. The surface ablation and its variation of the Batura Glacier. In: Professional papers on the Batura Glacier, Karakoram Mountains. Beijing: Science Press, 1980. 83-98.
40. Zhang Yiangsong, Zhou Yuchao et al. Glaciers and Environment of the Yarkant River, Karakorum Mountains. Beijing: Science Press, 1991. 43-52.
41. Mountaineering and Expedition Team of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Glacial and Weather in Mt, Tuomuer District, Tianshan. Urumchi: Xinjiang People's Publishing House, 1985. 99-109.
42. Su Zhen et al. Glaciers and Environment of Karakorum-Kunlun Mountains. Beijing: Science Press, 1998. 38-56.
43. Li Jijun, Su Zhen et al. Glaciers in the Hengduan Mountains. Beijing: Science Press, 1996. 70-110.
44. Li Xin, Cheng Guodong, Lu Ling. Comparison study of spatial interpolation methods of air temperature over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Plateau Meteorology, 2003, 22(6): 565-573.
45. Kustas W P, A Rango, R Uijlenhoet. A simple energy budget algorithm for the snowmelt runoff model. Water Resour. Res., 1994, 30(5): 1515-1527.
46. Braithwaite R J, T Konzelmann C Marty, O B Olesen. Errors in daily ablation measurements in northern Greenland, 1993-94, and their implications for glacier climate studies. Journal of Glaciology, 1998, 44 (148): 583-588.
47. Zhang Yong. Degree-day model and its application to the simulation of glacier ablation and runoff on Glacier Keqicar Baqi, southwest Tianshan. Master Thesis. Graduate of Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, 2005. 58-59.
48. Braithwaite R J, O B Olesen. Seasonal variation of ice ablation at the margin of the Greenland ice sheet and its sensitivity to climate change, Qamanarssup sermia, West Greenland. Journal of Glaciology, 1993, 39(132): 967-974.
49. Kuusisto E. On the values and variability of degree-day melting factors in Finland. Nord. Hydrol., 1980, 11 (5): 235-242.
50. Bai Chongyuan. A study of relationship between climate and mountain glaciers. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 1989, 11(4): 287-297.
51. Zhang Yong, Liu Shiyin, Han Haidong et al. Characteristics of summer climate on Keqicar Glacier, south of Tianshan Mountain. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2004, 26(5): 545-550.
52. Shi Yafeng, Liu Shiyin, 1999. Estimation of the response of the glaciers in China to the global warming in the 21st century. Chinese Science Bulletin, 45(7): 668-672.
53. Xie Yingqin. Autumn heat balance in the ablation area of Hailuogou Glacier. In: Xie Zichu, Kotlyakov V M (eds.), Glaciers and Environment in the Qinghai-Xizang [Tibet] Plateau (1): The Gongga Mountain. Beijing: Science Press, 1994. 94-109.
54. Østrem G. Ice melting under a thin layer of moraine and the existence of ice cores in moraine ridges. Geografiska Annualer, 1959, 41(4): 228-230.
55. Rana B, M Nakawo, Y Fukushima et al. Application of a conceptual precipitation-runoff model (HYCYMODEL) in a debris-covered glacierised basin in the Langtang Valley, Nepal Himalaya. Annals of Glaciology, 1997, 25: 226-231.
56. Zhang Yong, Liu Shiyin, Shangguan Donghui et al. Positive degree-day factor for Keqicar Baqi Glacier, south of Tianshan. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2005, 27(3): 337-343.