Effect of glycerol-induced hyperhydration on thermoregulatory and cardiovascular functions and endurance performance during prolonged cycling in a 25 °C environment

Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism

Volumn 31, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 101-109

  Goulet, Eric D B ^a,b   Robergs, Robert A ^c   Labrecque, Susan ^d   Royer, Donald ^d   Dionne, Isabelle J ^a,b,d  

^a UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF GERIATRICS OF SHERBROOKE   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SHERBROOKE   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE   (Canada)

Author keywords

Exercise capacity; Fluid balance; Heart rate; Prolonged exercise; Rectal temperature

Indexed keywords

GLYCEROL;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BICYCLE; BODY FLUID; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFECT; ENDURANCE; EXERCISE TEST; HEART RATE; HUMAN; MALE; METABOLISM; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHYSIOLOGY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; THERMOREGULATION;

ADULT; BICYCLING; BODY FLUIDS; BODY TEMPERATURE REGULATION; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; EXERCISE TEST; GLYCEROL; HEART RATE; HUMANS; MALE; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHYSICAL ENDURANCE;

EID: 33744978581     PISSN: 17155312     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/h05-006     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Anderson, M.J., Cotter, J.D., Garnham, A.P., Casley, D.J., and Febbraio, M.A. 2001. Effect of glycerol-induced hyperhydration on thermoregulation and metabolism during exercise in the heat. Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. 11: 315-333.
2. Armstrong, L.E., Costill, D.L., and Fink, W.J. 1985. Influence of diuretic-induced dehydration on competitive running performance. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 17: 456-461.
3. Barr, S.I., Costill, D.L., and Fink, W.J. 1991. Fluid replacement during prolonged exercise: effect of water, saline, or no fluid. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 23: 811-817.
4. Blyth, C.S., and Burt, J.J. 1961. Effect of water balance on ability to perform in high ambient temperatures. Res. Quart. 32: 301-307.
5. Caiozzo, V.J., Davis, J.A., Ellis, J.F., Azus, J.L., Vandagriff, R., Prietto, C.A., and McMaster, W.C. 1982. A comparison of gas exchange indices used to detect the anaerobic threshold. J. Appl. Physiol. 53: 1184-1189.
6. Casa, D.J., Armstrong, L.E., Hillman, S.K., Montain, S.J., Reiff, R.V., Rich, B.S.E., Roberts, W.O., and Stone, J.A. 2000. National athletic trainers' association position statement: fluid replacement for athletes. J. Athl. Train. 35: 212-224.
7. Convertino, V.A., Armstrong, L.E., Coyle, E.F., Mack, G.W., Sawka, M.N., Senay, L.C., and Sherman, M. 1996. American College of Sports Medicine. Position stand on exercise and fluid replacement. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 28: I-VII.
8. Coutts, A., Rearburn, P., Mummery, K., and Holmes, M. 2002. The effect of glycerol hyperhydration on Olympic distance triathlon performance in high ambient temperatures. Int. J. Sport. Nutr. Exerc. Metab. 12: 105-119.
9. Coyle, E.F., and Hamilton, M. 1990. Fluid replacement during exercise: effects on physiological homeostasis and performance. In Perspectives in exercise science and sports medicine. Vol. 3. Fluid homeostasis during exercise. Brown and Benchmark, Carmel, Ind. pp. 281-303.
10. Coyle, E.F., and Montain, S.J. 1992. Carbohydrate and fluid ingestion during exercise: are there trade-offs? Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 6: 671-678.
11. Epstein, Y., and Armstrong, L.E. 1999. Fluid-electrolyte balance during labor and exercise: concepts and misconceptions. Int. J. Sports Nutr. 9:1-12.
12. Freund, B.J., Montain, S.J., Young, A.J., Sawka, M.N., Deluca, J.P., Pandolf, K.B., and Valeri, C.R. 1995. Glycerol hyperhydration: hormonal, fluid and vascular fluid responses. J. Appl. Physiol. 79: 2069-2077.
13. Gilman, M.B. 1996. The use of heart rate to monitor the intensity of endurance training. Sports Med. 21: 73-79.
14. Greenleaf, J.E., and Castle, B.L. 1971. Exercise temperature regulation in man during hypohydration and hyperhydration. J. Appl. Physiol. 30: 847-853.
15. Grucza, R., Szczypaczewska, M., and Kozlowski, S. 1987. Thermoregulation in hyperhydrated men during physical exercise. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 56: 603-607.
16. Hargreaves, M., Dillo, P., Angus, D., and Febbraio, M. 1996. Effect of fluid ingestion on muscle metabolism during prolonged exercise. J. Appl. Physiol. 80: 363-366.
17. Hitchins, S., Martin, D.T., Burke, L., Yates, K., Fallon, K., Hahn, A., and Dobson, G.P. 1999. Glycerol hyperhydration improves cycle time trial performance in hot humid conditions. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 80: 494-501.
18. Jeukendrup, A., Saris, W.H.M., Brouns, F., and Kester, A.D.M. 1996. A new validated endurance performance test. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 28: 266-270.
19. Kenefick, R.W., Mahood, N.V., Mattern, C.O., Kertzer, R., and Quinn, T.J. 2002. Hypohydration adversely affects lactate threshold in endurance athletes. J. Strength Cond. Res. 16: 38-43.
20. Kruhoffer, P., and Nissen, O.I. 1963. Handling of glycerol in the kidney. Acta Physiol. Scand. 59: 284-294.
21. Latzka, W.A., Sawka, M.N., Montain, S.J., Skrinar, G.S., Fielding, R.A., Matott, R.P., and Pandolf, K.B. 1997. Hyperhydration: thermoregulatory effects during compensable exercise-heat stress. J. Appl. Physiol. 83: 860-866.
22. Lyons, T.P., Riedesel, M.L., Meuli, L.E., and Chick, T.W. 1990. Effects of glycerol-induced hyperhydration prior to exercise in the heat on sweating and core temperature. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 22: 477-483.
23. Magal, M., Webster, M.J., Sistrunk, L.E., Whitehead, M.T., Evans, R.K., and Boyd, J.C. 2003. Comparison of glycerol and water hydration regimens on tennis-related performance. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 35: 150-156.
24. Marino, F.E., Kay, D., and Cannon, J. 2003. Glycerol hyperhydration fails to improve endurance performance and thermoregulation in humans in a warm humid environment. Pflugers Arch. 446: 455-462.
25. McConnel, G.K., Burge, C.M., Skinner, S.L., and Hargreaves, M. 1997. Influence of ingested fluid volume on physiological responses during prolonged exercise. Acta Physiol. Scand. 160: 149-156.
26. Montain, S.J., and Coyle, E.F. 1992. Influence of graded dehydration on hyperthermia and cardiovascular drift during exercise. J. Appl. Physiol. 73: 1340-1350.
27. Montner, P., Stark, D.M., Riedesel, M.L., Murata, G., Robergs, R., Timms, M., and Chick, T.W. 1996. Pre-exercise glycerol hydration improves cycling endurance time. Int. J. Sports Med. 17: 27-33.
28. Montner, P., Zou, Y., Robergs, R.A., Murata, G., Stark, D., Quinn, C., Wood, S., Lium, D., and Greene, E.R. 1999. Glycerol hyperhydration alters cardiovascular and renal function. J. Exerc. Physiol. Online, 2: 1-10.
29. Moroff, S.V., and Bass, D.E. 1965. Effects of overhydration on man's physiological responses to work in the heat. J. Appl. Physiol. 20: 267-270.
30. Mudambo, K.S.M.T., Leese, G.P., and Rennie, M.J. 1997. Dehydration in soldiers during walking/running exercise in the heat and the effects of fluid ingestion during and after exercise. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 76: 517-524.
31. Nadel, E.R., Fortney, S.M., and Wenger, C.B. 1980. Effect of hydration on circulatory and thermal regulations. J. Appl. Physiol. 49: 715-721.
32. Nielsen, B., Hansen, G., Jorgensen, S.O., and Nielsen, E. 1971. Thermoregulation in exercising man during dehydration and hyperhydration with water and saline. Int. J. Biomet. 15: 195-200.
33. Noakes, T.D. 1993. Fluid replacement during exercise. Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev. 21: 297-330.
34. Noakes, T.D., Adams, B.A., Myburgh, K.H., Greeff, C., Lotz, T., and Nathan, M. 1988. The danger of an inadequate water intake during prolonged exercise. A novel concept re-visited. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol. 57: 210-219.
35. Nose, H., Mack, G.W., Shi, X.R., Morimoto, K., and Nadel, E.R. 1990. Effect of saline infusion during exercise on thermal and circulatory regulations. J. Appl. Physiol. 69: 609-616.
36. Oppliger, R.A., and Bartok, C. 2002. Hydration testing of athletes. Sports Med. 32: 959-971.
37. Riedesel, M.L., Allen, D.Y., Peake, G.T., and Al-Qattan, K. 1987. Hyperhydration with glycerol solutions. J. Appl. Physiol. 63: 2262-2268.
38. Robergs, R.A., and Griffin, S.E. 1998. Glycerol: biochemistry, pharmacokinetics and clinical and practical applications. Sports Med. 26: 145-167.
39. Sawka, M.N., Young, A.J., Francesconi, R.P., Muza, S.R., and Pandolf, K.B. 1985. Thermoregulatory and blood responses during exercise at graded hypohydration levels. J. Appl. Physiol. 59: 1394-1401.
40. Swanson, R.E., and Thompson, R.B. 1969. Renal tubular handling of glycerol and ethylene glycol in the dog. Am. J. Physiol. 217: 553-562.
41. Wimer, G.S., Lamb, D.R., Sherman, W.M., and Swanson, S.C. 1997. Temperature of ingested water and thermoregulation during moderate-intensity exercise. Can. J. Appl. Physiol. 22: 479-493.
42. Wingo, J.E., Casa, D.J., Berger, E.M., Dellis, W.O., Knight, J.C., and McClung, J.M. 2004. Influence of a pre-exercise glycerol hydration beverage on performance and physiologic function during mountain-bike races in the heat. J. Athl. Train. 39: 169-175.