The application of low crude protein wheat-soyabean diets to growing and finishing pigs: 1. The effect on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of boars and gilts

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

Volumn 44, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 233-245

  Leek, A B G ^a   Callan, J J ^a   Henry, R W ^b   O'Doherty, J V ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

^b DEVENISH NUTRITION LTD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Boars; Crude protein; Gilts; Performance traits; Pig finishing

Indexed keywords

GLYCINE MAX; SUS SCROFA; TRITICUM AESTIVUM;

EID: 33744908865     PISSN: 07916833     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. th edition), AOAC, Washington DC, US.
2. Batterham, E.S. 1984. Utilisation of free lysine by pigs. Pig News and Info 5: 85-86.
3. Blanchard, P.J., Ellis, M., Warkup, C.C., Hardy, B., Chadwick, J.P. and Deans, G.A. 1999. The influence of rate of lean and fat tissue development on pork eating quality. Animal Science 68: 477-485.
4. Cai, Y.J. and Zimmerman, D.R. 1995. Relationship between plasma urea nitrogen and urea-cycle amino acid concentration in swine to dietary electrolyte balance and water intake. Nutrition Research 15: 1517-1524.
5. Canh, T.T., Aarnink, A.J.A., Schutte, J.B., Sutton, A., Langhout, D.J. and Verstegen M.W.A. 1998a. Dietary protein affects nitrogen excretion and ammonia emission from slurry of growing-finishing pigs. Livestock Production Science 56: 181-191.
6. Canh, T.T., Sutton, A.L., Aarnink, A.J.A., Verstegen, M.W.A., Schrama, J.W. and Bakker, G.C.M. 1998b. Dietary carbohydrates alter the faecal composition and pH and the ammonia emission from slurry of growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 76: 1887-1895.
7. Campbell, R.G., Taverner, MR. and Curic, D.M. 1988. The effects of sex and live weight on the growing pig's response to dietary protein. Animal Production 46: 123-130.
8. Coma, J., Carrion, D. and Zimmerman, D.R. 1995. Use of plasma urea nitrogen as a rapid response criterion to determine the lysine requirement of pigs. Journal of Animal Science 73: 472-481.
9. Cromwell, G.L. 1996. Synthetic amino acid may improve performance, reduce nitrogen excretion. Feedstuffs 68(49): 12.
10. Dourmad, J.-Y. and Lebret, B. 2000. Effect of sodium bicarbonate in the diet on the performance of growing finishing pigs. Journées Recherche Porcine en France 32: 163-168.
11. Eggum, B.O. 1970. Blood urea measurement as a technique for assessing protein quality. British Journal of Nutrition 24: 983-988.
12. Fawcett, J.K. and Scott, J.E. 1960. A rapid and precise method for the determination of urea. Journal of Clinical Pathology 13: 156-159.
13. Figueroa, J.L., Lewis, A.J., Miller, P.S., Fischer, R.L., Gómez, R.S. and Diedrichsen, R.M. 2002. Nitrogen metabolism and growth performance of gilts fed corn-soyabean meal diets or low-crude protein, amino acid-supplemented diets. Journal of Animal Science 80: 2911-2929.
14. Framstad, T., Sjaastad, Ø. and Aass, R.A. 1988. [Blood collection from pigs] Blodprøvetaking på gris. Norsk Veterinærtidsskrift 100(4): 265-272.
15. Fuller, M.F., Franklin, M.F., McWilliams, R. and Pennie, K. 1995. The response of growing pigs, of different sex and genotype, to dietary energy and protein. Animal Science 60: 291-298.
16. Gatel, F. and Grosjean, F. 1992. Effect of protein content of the diet on nitrogen excretion in pigs. Livestock Production Science 31: 109-120.
17. Gómez, R.S., Lewis, A.J., Miller, P.S. and Chen, H.-Y. 2002. Body composition and tissue accretion rates of barrows fed corn-soybean meal diets or low-protein, amino acid-supplemented diets at different feeding levels. Journal of Animal Science 80: 654-662.
18. Iwaki, K., Nimura, N., Hiraga, Y., Kinoshita, T., Takeda, K. and Ogura, H. 1987. Amino acid analysis by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography 407: 273-279.
19. Jongbloed, A.W. and Lenis, N.P. 1992. Alteration of nutrition as a means to reduce environmental pollution by pigs. Livestock Production Science 31: 75-94.
20. Kemm, E.H., Siebrits, F.K., Ras, M.N. and Coetzee, S.E. 1995. Feed intake, growth and protein deposition of pigs fed three protein levels. Livestock Production Science 41: 163-170.
21. Kerr, B.J. and Easter, R.A. 1995. Effects of feeding reduced protein, amino acid-supplemented diets on nitrogen and energy balance in grower pigs. Journal of Animal Science 73: 3000-3008.
22. Kerr, B.J., McKeith, F.K. and Easter, R.A. 1995. Effect on performance and carcass characteristics of nursery to finisher pigs fed reduced crude protein and amino acid supplemented diets. Journal of Animal Science 73: 433-440.
23. Knowles, T.A., Southern, L.L., Bidner, T.D., Kerr, B.J. and Friesen, K.G. 1998. Effect of dietary fat or fibre in low-crude protein, crystalline amino acid-supplemented diets for finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 76: 2818-2832.
24. Le Bellego, L., van Milgen, J., Dubois, S. and Noblet, J. 2001. Energy utilisation of low-protein diets in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 79: 1259-1271.
25. Lee, P.A. and Kay, R.M. 2003. The effect of commercially formulated, reduced crude protein diets, formulated to 11 apparent ileal digestible essential amino acids, on nitrogen retention by growing finishing boars. Livestock Production Science 81: 89-98.
26. Leibholz, J.M., McCall, J.T., Hays, VW. and Speer, V.C. 1966. Potassium, protein and basic amino acid relationships in swine. Journal of Animal Science 25: 37-43.
27. Matthews, D.M. 1975. Intestinal absorption of peptides. Physiological Reviews 55: 537-608.
28. Maxwell, C.V., Buchanan, D.S., Luce, W.G., Owens, F.N. and Woltman, M.D. 1987. Amino acid supplementation of reduced crude protein wheat diets for growing finishing swine. Journal of Animal Science 65 (Supplement 1): 318 (Abstract).
29. th edition), National Academic Press, 210 pages.
30. Noblet, J. 1996. Digestive and metabolic utilization of dietary energy in pig feeds: comparison of energy systems. In: 'Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition 1996' (eds. P.C. Garnsworthy, J. Wiseman and W. Haresign), Nottingham University Press, Leics, UK, pages 207-231.
31. O'Grady, J.F. (editor). 1996. 'Feed Tables'. R&H Hall Technical Bulletin, R&H Hall, Dublin, Ireland.
32. Pieterse, E., Siebrits, F.K., Gloy, E.L. and Mphuloane, A.K. 2000. The effect of protein inclusion level in diets formulated to contain an ideal amino acid composition for growing pigs. South African Journal of Animal Science 30: 57-61.
33. Rerat, A.C., Simous-Nunes, F., Mendy, P., Vassade, P. and Vaugelade, P. 1992. Splanchic fluxes of amino acids after duodenal infusion of carbohydrate solution containing free amino acids or oligopeptides in the non-anaethetized pig. British Journal of Nutrition 68: 111-138.
34. SAS. 1996. Version 6.14 for Windows, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
35. Taverner, M.R., Campbell, R.G. and King, R.H. 1977. The relative protein and energy requirements of boars, gilts and barrows. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 17: 574-580.
36. Taylor, S.J., Cole, D.J.A. and Lewis, D. 1985. Amino acid requirements of growing pigs. Animal Production 40: 153-160.
37. Tuitoek, J.K., Young, L.G., de-Lange, C.F.M. and Kerr, B.J. 1997. The effect of reducing excess dietary amino acids on growing-finishing pig performance: an evaluation of the ideal protein concept. Journal of Animal Science 75: 1575-1583.
38. United Nations Economic Commission on Europe. 1999. Protocol to the 1979 convention on long range transboundary air pollution to abate acidification, eutrophication and ground-level ozone. UNECE, Geneva, http://www.unece.org/env/ Irtap/protocol/99muilti.html (accessed 01/08/03)
39. van Lunen, T.A. and Cole, D.J.A. 1996. The effect of lysine/digestible energy ratio on growth performance and nitrogen deposition of hybrid boars, gilts and castrated male pigs. Animal Science 63: 465-475.
40. van Lunen, T.A. and Cole, D.J.A. 2001. Energy-amino acid interactions in modern pig genotypes. In: 'Recent Developments in Pig Nutrition 3' (eds. J. Wiseman and P.C. Garnsworthy), Nottingham University Press, Leics, UK, pages 439-466.
41. st edition), Blackwell Science, UK, 661 pages.
42. Zervas, S. and Zijlstra, R.T. 2002. Effects of dietary protein and oathull fibre on nitrogen excretion patterns and postparandial plasma urea profiles in grower pigs. Journal of Animal Science 80: 3228-3246.