Skeletal elements in the vertebrate eye and adnexa: Morphological and developmental perspectives

Developmental Dynamics

Volumn 235, Issue 5, 2006, Pages 1244-1255

  Franz Odendaal, Tamara A ^a   Vickaryous, Matthew K ^a  

^a DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Bone; Cartilage; Chondrogenesis; Craniofacial; Development; Eye; Eyelid; Homology; Mesenchymal condensations; Osteogenesis; Sclera; Vertebrates

Indexed keywords

ALLIGATOR; AMPHIBIA; BIRD; BONE DEVELOPMENT; CARTILAGE; CHONDROGENESIS; COMPARATIVE ANATOMY; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; EYE DEVELOPMENT; EYELID; FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY; MAMMAL; NEURAL CREST; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REPTILE; REVIEW; SCLERA; SKELETAL MUSCLE; SNAKE; TURTLE; VERTEBRATE;

ANIMALS; EYE; HUMANS; ORBIT;

MAMMALIA; THERIA; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 33744901931     PISSN: 10588388     EISSN: 10970177     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.20718     Document Type: Review

References (94)

1. Alberius P, Friede H. 1992. Skull growth. In: Hall BK, editor. Bone. Boca Raton: CRC Press, p 129-155.
2. Arao T, Perkins E. 1968. The nictitating membrane of primates. Anat Rec 162:53-70.
3. Arends G, Schramm U. 2004. The structure of the human semilunar plica at different stages of its development; a morphological and morphometric study. Ann Anat 186:195-207.
4. Bailey TJ, El-Hodiri H, Zhang L, Shah R, Mathers PH, Jamrich M. 2004. Regulation of vertebrate eye development by Rx genes. Int J Dev Biol 48:761-770.
5. Bauer AM, Russell AP. 1989. Supraorbital ossifications in geckos (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). Can J Zool 67:678-684.
6. Benjamin M. 1990. The cranial cartilages of teleosts and their classification. J Anat 169:153-172.
7. Beresford WA. 1993. Cranial skeletal tissues: diversity and evolutionary trends. In: Hanken J, Hall BK, editors. The skull. Vol. 2. Patterns of structural and systematic diversity. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, p 69-130.
8. Bohorquez Mahecha GA, Aparecida de Oliveira C. 1998. An additional bone in the sciera of the eyes of Owls and the common Potoo (Nictibius griseus) and its role in the contraction of the nictitating membrane. Acta Anat 163:201-211.
9. Burrow CJ, Jones AS, Young GC. 2005. X-ray microtomography of 410 million year old optic capsules from placoderm fishes. Micron 36:551-557.
10. Caprette CL, Lee MSY, Shine R, Mokany A, Downhower JF. 2004. The origin of snakes (Serpentes) as seen through eye anatomy. Biol J Linnean Soc 81:469-482.
11. Cloete SE. 1961. The cranial morphology of Rhyacotriton olympicus olympicus. Ann Univ Stell 36:113-145.
12. Coombs WP Jr. 1972. The bony eyelid of Euoplocephalus (Reptilia, Ornithischia). J Paleontol 46:637-650.
13. Coulombre AJ. 1965. The eye. In: De Haan RL, Ursprung H, editors. Organogenesis. New York: Holt, p 219-251.
14. Coulombre AJ, Coulombre JL. 1958. The role of intraocular pressure in the development of the chick eye. Arch Opthalmol 59:502-506.
15. Coulombre JL, Coulombre AJ. 1975. Corneal development. V. Treatment of five-day old embryos of domestic fowl with 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON). Dev Biol 45:291-303.
16. Coulombre AJ, Coulombre JL, Mehta H. 1962. The skeleton of the eye. II. Overlap of the scleral ossicles of the domestic fowl. Dev Biol 5:382-401.
17. Couly G, Creuzet S, Bennaceur S, Vincent C, Le Douarin NM. 2002. Interactions between Hox-negative cephalic neural crest cells and the foregut endoderm in patterning the facial skeleton in the vertebrate head. Development 129:1061-1073.
18. Creuzet SC, Couly G, Vincent C, Le Dourin NM. 2002. Negative effect of Hox gene expression on the early development of the neural crest derived facial skeleton. Development 129:4301-4313.
19. Creuzet S, Vincent C, Couly G. 2005. Neural crest derivatives in ocular and periocular structures. Int J Dev Biol 49:161-171.
20. Cubbage CC, Mabee PM. 1996. Development of the cranium and paired fins in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) (Ostariophysi, Cyprinidae). J Morphol 229:121-160.
21. Cvekl A, Tamm ER. 2004. Anterior eye development and ocular mesenchyme: new insights from mouse models and human disease. Bioessays 26:374-386.
22. Donoghue PCJ, Forey PL, Aldridge RJ. 2000. Conodont affinity and chordate phytogeny. Biol Rev 75:191-251.
23. Dorsky RI, Moon RT, Raible DW. 1998. Control of neural crest cell fate by the Wnt signalling pathway. Nature 396: 370-373.
24. Eames BF, Helms JA. 2004. Conserved molecular program regulating cranial and appendicular skeletogenesis. Dev Dyn 231:4-13.
25. Eames BF, de al Fuente L, Helms JA. 2003. Molecular ontogeny of the skeleton. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today 69:93-101.
26. Etchevers HC, Couly G, Vincent C, Le Dourain NM. 1999. Anterior cephalic neural crest is required for forebrain viability. Development 126:3533-3543.
27. Eyal-Giladi H, Zinberg N. 1964. The development of the chondrocranium of Pleurodeles waltli. J Morphol 114:527-548.
28. Franz TA. 1997. Induction of the retinal pigment epithelium of the chicken embryonic eye. MSc. dissertation, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
29. Franz-Odendaal TA, Hall BK. 2006. Modularity and sense organs in the blind cavefish, Astyanax mexicanus. Evol Dev 8:94-100.
30. Franz-Odendaal TA, Hall BK, Witten PE. 2006. Buried alive - how osteoblasts become osteocytes. Dev Dyn 235:176-190.
31. Fujiwara M, Uchida T, Osumi-Yamashita N, Eto K. 1994. Uchida rat (rSey): a new mutant rat with craniofacial abnormalities resembling those in the mouse Sey mutant. Differentiation 57:31-38.
32. Fyfe DM, Hall BK. 1983. The origin of the ectomesenchymal condensations which precede the development of the bony scleral ossicles in the eyes of embryonic chicks. J Embryol Exp Morphol 72:69-86.
33. Gauthier J, Kluge AG, Rowe T. 1988. Amniote phylogeny and the importance of fossils. Cladistics 4:105-209.
34. Gilbert SF. 2003. Developmental biology. 7th ed. Massachusetts: Sinauer Associates, Inc.
35. Glass AS, Dahm R. 2004. The zebrafish as a model organism for eye development. Ophthalmic Res 36:4-24.
36. Goudreau G, Bäumer N, Gruss P. 2004. Transcription factors in early lens development. In: Lovicu FJ, Robinson ML, editors. Development of the ocular lens. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p 48-70.
37. Grindley JC, Davidson DR, Hill RE. 1995. The role of Pax-6 in eye and nasal development. Development 121:1433-1442.
38. Hale LJ. 1956. Mesodermal cell deaths during the early development of the scleral bones in the chick. Q J Microsc Sci 97:355-368.
39. Hall BK. 1981. Specificity in the differentiation and morphogenesis of neural-crest-derived scleral ossicles and of epithelial scleral papillae in the eye of the embryonic chick. J Embryol Exp Morphol 66:175-190.
40. Hall BK. 2005. Bones and cartilage - developmental and evolutionary skeletal biology. London: Elsevier/Academic Press.
41. Hall BK, Miyake T. 1992. The membranous skeleton: the role of cell condensations in vertebrate skeletogenesis. Anat Embryol 186:107-124.
42. Hamburger V, Hamilton HL. 1951. A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. J Morphol 88:49-92.
43. Henry JJ. 2003. The cellular and molecular bases of vertebrate lens regeneration. Int Rev Cytol 228:195-265.
44. Iseki S, Wilkie AO, Heath JK, Ishimaru T, Eto K, Morris-Kay GM. 1997. Fgfr2 and osteopontin domains in the developing skull vault are mutually exclusive and can be altered by locally applied FGF2. Development 124:3375-3384.
45. Iseki S, Wilkinson DG, Morris-Kay GM. 1999. Fgfrl and Fgfr2 have distinct differentiation- and proliferation-related roles in the developing mouse skull vault. Development 126:5611-5620.
46. Jean D, Ewan K, Gruss P. 1998. Molecular regulators involved in vertebrate eye development. Mech Dev 76:3-18.
47. Jena N, Martin-Seisdedos C, McCue P, Croce CM. 1997. BMP7 null mutation in mice: developmental defects in skeleton, kidney and eye. Exp Cell Res 230:28-37.
48. Jollie MT. 1957. The head skeleton of the chicken and remarks on the anatomy of this region in other birds. J Morphol 100: 389-436.
49. Levrat-Calviac V, Zylberberg L. 1986. The structure of the osteodernas in the Gekko: Tarentola mauritanica. Am J Anat 176:437-446.
50. Lupo G, Harris WA, Barsacchi G, Vignali R. 2002. Induction and patterning of the telencephalon in Xenopus laevis. Development 129:5421-36.
51. Maisey JG. 2005. Braincase of the Upper Devonian shark Cladodoides wildungensis (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii), with observations on the braincase in early chondrichthyans. Bull Am Museum Nat Hist 288:1-103.
52. Milz S, Neufang J, Higashiyama I, Putz R, Benjamin M. 2005. An immunohistochemical study of the extracellular matrix of the tarsal plate in the upper eyelid in human beings. J Anat 206:37-45.
53. Moore KL, Persaud TVN. 1993. The developing human; clinically oriented embryology. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company.
54. Nakamura K, Yamaguchi H. 1991. Distribution of scleral ossicles in teleost fishes. Memoirs of the faculty of fisheries, Kagoshima University 40:1-20.
55. Newsome DA. 1972. Cartilage induction by retinal pigmented epithelium of chick embryos. Dev Biol 27:575-579.
56. Opperman LA. 2000. Cranial sutures as intramembranous growth sites. Dev Dyn 219:472-485.
57. Opperman LA, Sweeney TM, Redmon J, Persing JA, Ogle RC. 1993. Tissue interactions with underlying dura mater inhibit osseous obliteration of developing cranial sutures. Dev Dyn 198:312-322.
58. Opperman LA, Passarelli RW, Noden AA, Gampper TJ, Lin KY, Ogle RC. 1996. Dura mater secretes soluble heparin-binding factors required for cranial suture morphologenesis. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 32:627-632.
59. Patterson C. 1977. Cartilage bones, dermal bones and membrane bones, or the exoskeleton versus the endoskeleton. In: Andrews SM, Miles RS, Walker AD, editors. Problems in vertebrate evolution. London: Academic Press, p 77-122.
60. Pinto CB, Hall BK. 1991. Toward an understanding of the epithelial requirement for osteogenesis in scleral mesenchyme of the embryonic chick. J Exp Zool 259:92-108.
61. Raible DW, Kruse GJ. 2000. Organisation of the lateral line system in embryonic zebrafish. J Comp Neurol 421:189-198.
62. Reinbold R. 1968. Rôle du tapetum dans la différentiation de sclérotique chez l'embryon de poulet. J Embryol Exp Morphol 19:43-47.
63. Rieppel O. 2000. Turtles as diapsid reptiles. Zool Scripta 29:199-212.
64. Ritchie A. 1968. New evidence on Jamoytius kerwoodi White, an important ostracoderm from the Siluriun of Lanarkshire, Scotland. Palaeontology 11:21-39.
65. Robinson ML, Lovicu FJ. 2004. The lens: historical and comparative perspectives. In: Lovicu FJ, Robinson ML, editors. Development of the ocular lens. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 3-26.
66. Roth DA, Bradley JP, Levine JP, McMullen HF, McCarthy JG, Longaker MT. 1996. Studies in cranial suture biology: II. Role of the dura in cranial suture fusion. Plast Reconstr Surg 97:693-699.
67. Saha MS, Servetnick M, Grainger RM. 1992. Vertebrate eye development. Curr Opin Genetic Dev 2:582-588.
68. Schilling TF, Kimmel CB. 1994. Segment and cell type lineage restrictions during pharyngeal arch development in the zebrafish embryo. Development 120:483-494.
69. Schlegel T, Brehm H, Amselgruber WM. 2001. The cartilage of the third eyelid: a comparative macroscopical and histological study in domestic animals. Ann Anat 183:165-169.
70. Schultze H-P. 1993. Patterns of diversity in the skulls of jawed fishes. In: Hanken J, Hall BK, editors. The skull, patterns of structural and systematic diversity. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, p. 189-254.
71. Shames RB, Jennings AG, Sawyer RH. 1991. The initial expression and patterned appearance of tenascin in scutate scales is absent from the dermis of the scaleless (sc/sc) chicken. Dev Biol 147: 174-186
72. Smith L, Thorogood PV. 1983. Transfilter studies on the mechanism of epitheliomesenchymal interaction leading to chondrogenic differentiation of neural crest cells. J Embryol Exp Morphol 75: 165-188.
73. Stadtmüller F. 1924. Studien am Urodelenschädel 1. zur Entulicklungsgeschickte des kopfskeletts der Salamandramaculosa. Z Anat Entwgesch 75:149-225.
74. Stewart PA, McCallion DJ. 1975. Establishment of the scleral cartilage in the chick. Dev Biol 46:383-389.
75. Stibbe EP. 1928. A comparative study of the nictitating membrane of birds and mammals. J Anat 62:159-176.
76. Tiemeier OW. 1939. A preliminary report on the os opticus of the bird's eye. Zoologica 24:333-338.
77. Tiemeier OW. 1950. The os opticus of birds. J Morphol 86:25-46.
78. Tomarev SI. 1997. Pax-6, Eyes absent and Prox1 in eye development. Int J Dev 41: 835-842.
79. Tripathi RC, Tripathi BJ. 1984. Anatomy of the human eye, orbit and adnexa. In: Davidson H, editor. The eye. Vol. 1a. Vegetative physiology and biochemistry. New York: Academic Press, p 1-268.
80. Underwood G. 1970. The eye. In: Gans C, Parsons TS, editors. Biology of the reptilia. New York: Academic Press, p 1-97.
81. Van de Kamp M, Hilfer SR. 1985. Cell proliferation in condensing scleral ectomesenchyme associated with the conjunctival papillae in the chick embryo. J Embryol Exp Morphol 88:25-37.
82. Vickaryous MK, Olson WM. 2006. Overlooked elements of the limb skeleton; sesamoids, lunulae and other appendicular ossicles. In: Hall BK, editor. Fins and limbs. Chicago: University of Chicago Press (in press).
83. Vickaryous MK, Russell AP. 2003. A redescription of the skull of Euoplocephalus tutus (Archosauria: Ornithschia): a foundation for comparative and systematic studies of ankylosaurian dinosaurs. Zool J Linnean Soc 137:157-186.
84. Vihtelic TS, Hyde DR. 2002. Zebrafish mutagenesis yields eye morphological mutants with retinal and lens defects. Vis Res 42:535-540.
85. Walls GL, editor. 1942. The Vertebrate eye and its adaptive radiation. Cranbrook Inst Sci Bull 19:1-785.
86. Weiss P, Amprino R. 1940. The effect of mechanical stress on the differentiation of scleral cartilage in vitro and in the embryo. Growth 4:245-258.
87. Witten PE, Huysseune A. 2006. Mechanisms of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in fins. In: Hall BK, editor. Fins and limbs. Chicago: Chicago University Press (in press).
88. Yamamoto Y, Jeffery WR. 2002. Probing teleost eye development by lens transplantation. Methods 28:420-426.
89. Yamamoto Y, Espinasa L, Stock DW, Jeffery WR. 2003. Development and evolution of craniofacial patterning is mediated by eye-dependent and -independent processes in the cavefish Astyanax. Evol Dev 5:435-446.
90. Yamamoto Y, Stock DW, Jeffery JE. 2004. Hedgehog signalling controls eye degeneration in blind cavefish. Nature 431:844-847.
91. Yelick PC, Schilling TF. 2002. Molecular dissection of craniofacial development using zebrafish. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 13:308-322.
92. Yntema CL. 1968. A series of stages in the embryonic development of Chelydra serpentina. J Morphol 125:219-252.
93. Yu JC, McClintock JS, Gannon F, Gao XX, Mobasser JP, Sharawy M. 1997. Regional differences of dura osteoinduction: squamous dura induces osteogenesis, sutural dura induces chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. Plast Reconstr Surg 100: 23-31.
94. Zylberberg L, Geraudie J, Meunier F, Sire J-Y. 1992. Biomineralization in the integumental skeleton of the living lower vertebrates. In: Hall BK, editor. Bone. Vol. 4. Bone metabolism and mineralization. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, p 171-224.