The Lower Triassic shallow marine succession in Gorski Kotar region (External Dinarides, Croatia): Lithofacies and conodont dating

Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia

Volumn 112, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 35-53

  Aljinović, Dunja ^a   Kolar Jurkovšek, Tea ^b   Jurkovšek, Bogdan ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB   (Croatia)

^b GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF SLOVENIA   (Slovenia)

Author keywords

Conodonts; Croatia; External Dinarides; Lithostratigraphy; Lower Triassic

Indexed keywords

BIOSTRATIGRAPHY; CONODONT; DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT; FOSSIL RECORD; LITHOFACIES; LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY; MOUNTAIN REGION; SHALLOW WATER; STRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION; TRIASSIC;

ALPS; CROATIA; DINARIC ALPS; EASTERN ALPS; EURASIA; EUROPE; GORSKI KOTAR; SOUTHERN EUROPE;

HINDEODUS; HINDEODUS PARVUS; ISARCICELLA; PACHYCLADINA;

EID: 33744788333     PISSN: 00356883     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (87)

1. Aljinović D. (1995) - Storm Influenced Shelf Sedimentation -an Example From the Lower Triassic (Scythian) Siliciclastic and Carbonate Succession near Knin (Southern Croatia and Western Bosnia and Herzegovina). Geologia Croatica, 48/1: 17-32, Zagreb.
2. Aljinović D. (1997) - Facijesi klastičnih sedimenata mla cross d sign ega paleozoika i starijega trijasa Gorskoga kotara / The Upper Palaeozoic (Permian) and Lower Triassic Sedimentary Facies in Gorski Kotar Region. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engeneering, Zagreb, 146 pp.
3. Aljinović D. & Tišljar J. (2000) - Razvoj karbonatnih i siliciklasticnih facijesa donjega trijasa Gorskoga kotara (Hrvatska) / The evolution of Lower Triassic Siliciclastic and Carbonate Facies in Gorski Kotar (Croatia). In: Vlahović I. & Biondić R. (eds.) - Second Croatian Geological Congress, Proceedings: 65-68, Zagreb.
4. Ashley G.M. (1990) - Classification of Large-Scale Subaqueous Bedforms: A New Look at an Old Problem. J. Sediment. Petrology, 60: 160-172, Tulsa
5. Babić LJ. (1968) - O trijasu Gorskog kotara i susjednih područja / Sur le Trias dans le Gorski Kotar et les région voisines. Geol. vjesnik, 22: 11-23, Zagreb.
6. Beyers M.J. & Orchard M.J. (1991) - Upper Permian and Triassic conodont faunas from the type area of the Cache Creek Complex, south-central British Columbia, Canada. In: Orchard M.J. & McCracken A.P. (eds) - Ordovician to Triassic Conodont Paleontology of the Canadian Cordillera. Geol. Surv. Canada Bull., 417: 269-297, Ottawa.
7. Boeckelmann K. (1991) - The Permian-Triassic of the Gartnerkofel-1 core and the Reppwand Outcrop Section (Carnian Alps, Austria). Abh. Geol. B.-A., 45: 1-232, Wien.
8. Broglio Loriga C., Masetti D. & Neri C. (1983) - La Formazione di Werfen (Scitico) delle Dolomiti occidentali: sedimentologia e biostratigrafia. Riv. Ital. Paleont. Strat., 88 (1982)/4: 501-598, Milano.
9. Broglio Loriga C., Neri C. & Posenato R. (1986) - The Lower Triassic of the Dolomites and Cadore. In: Italian IGCP 203 Group (ed.) - Permian and Permian-Triassic boundary in the South-Alpine segment of the western Tethys. Excursion Guidebook, SGI and IGCP 203 Meeting, 4-12, July 1986: 29-34, Pavia.
10. Budurov K. & Pantić S. (1973) - Conodonten aus den Campiller Schichten von Brassina (Westerbien). II. Systematischer Teil. Bull. Geol. Inst., Ser. Paleont., 22: 49-64, Sofia.
11. Budurov K. & Pantić S. (1974) - Die Conodonten der Campiller Schichten von Brassina (Westerbien). I. Stratigraphie und Conodonten-Zonen. Bull. Geol. Inst., Ser. Paleont., 23: 105-113, Sofia.
12. Carr T.L. & Paull R.K. (1983) - Early Triassic stratigraphy and paleogeography of Cordilleran miogeocline. In: Reynolds M.W. & Dolly E.D. (eds.) - Mesozoic Paleogeography of the West-Central United State, Rocky Mountain Section. S.E.P.M.: 39-55, Denver.
13. Clark D.L. (1959) - Conodonts from the Triassic of Nevada and Utah. J. Paleont., 33: 305-312, Tulsa.
14. Clark D.L. & Carr T.R. (1984) - Conodont biofacies and biostratigraphic Schemes in Western North America: A model. In: Clark D.L. (ed.) - Conodont Biofacies and Provincialism. Geol. Soc. Am., Spec. Pap., 196: 19, Boulder.
15. Clark D.L. & Rosser S.V. (1976) - Analysis of paleoecologic factors associated with the Triassic Parachirognathus/ Furnishius conodont fauna in Utah and Nevada. In: Barnes C.R. (ed.) - Conodont paleoecology. Geol. Assc. Canada Spec. Pap., 15: 295-311, Toronto.
16. Clark, D.L., Sincavage J.P. & Stone D.D. (1964) - New conodonts from the Lower Triassic of Nevada. J. Paleont., 38/2: 375-377, Tulsa.
17. Demicco R.V. (1983) - Wavy and lenticular-bedded carbonate ribbon rocks of the Upper Cambrian Conococheague limestone, Central Appalachans. J. Sed. Petrology, 53: 1121-1132, Tulsa.
18. Dott R.H. & Bourgeois J. (1982) - Hummocky stratification: Significance of its variable bedding sequences. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 93: 663-680, Washington.
19. Durdanović Ž. (1967) - Prilog poznavanju donjeg trijasa u Gorskom kotaru / Recherches géologiques et pétrographiques des couches Triasiques de Gorski Kotar en Croatie (Région Lokve-Gerovo). Geol. vjesnik, 20: 107-111, Zagreb.
20. Elliott T. (1986) - Siliciclastic Shorelines. In: Reading, H.G. (ed.) - Sedimentary Environments and Facies. Blackwell scientific publications, Oxford, London, Edinbourgh, Boston, Palo Alto, Melbourne.
21. Epstein A.G., Epstein J.B. & Harris L.D. (1977) - Conodont Alteration Index - and Index to Organic Metamorphism. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap., 995: 27 pp., Washington.
22. Farabegoli E. & Perri M.C. (1998) - Stop 4.3 - Permian/ Triassic boundary and Early Triassic of the Bulla section (Southern Alps, Italy): lithostratigraphy, facies and conodont biostratigraphy. In: Perri M.C. & Spalletta C. (eds) - Southern Alps Field Trip Guidebook, EGOS VII, Giorn. Geol., Spec. Issue, 60: 292-311, Bologna.
23. Farabegoli E., Levanti D. & Perri M.C. (1986) - The Belllerophon Formation in the southwestern Carnia. The boundary Bellerophon-Werfen Formation. In: Italian IGCP 203 Group (ed.) - Permian and Permian-Triassic boundary in the South-Alpine segment of the western Tethys. Excursion Guidebook, SGI and IGCP 203 Meeting, 4-12, July 1986: 69-75, Pavia.
24. Goel R.K. (1977) - Triassic conodonts from Spiti (Himachal Padesh), India. J. Paleont., 56/6: 1085-1103, Tulsa.
25. Herak M. (1980) - Sustav navlaka izmedu Vrbovskog i Delnica u Gorskom kotaru (Hrvatska) / The nappe-system between Vrbovsko and Delnice in Gorski Kotar (Croatia). Acta Geologica, 10/2: 35-51, Zagreb.
26. Hirsch F. & Gerry E. (1974) - Conodont and Ostracode-Biostratigraphy of the Triassic in Israel. Oester. Akad Wiss. Schrift. Erdwiss. Komm., 2: 107-114, Wien.
27. Holser W.T., Schöulaub H.P., Boeckelmann K., Magaritz M. & Orth C.J. (1991) - The Permian-Triassic of the Gartenkofel-1 Core (Carnic Alps, Austira): Synthesis and Conclusions. In: Holser W.T. & Schöulaub H.P. (eds) - The Permian-Triassic Boundary in the Carnic Alps of Austria (Gartenkofel Region). Abh. Geol. G.-A., 45: 213-232, Wien.
28. Huckriede R. (1958) - Die Conodonten der mediterranen Trias und ihr stratigraphischer Wert. Paläont. Z., 32: 141-175, Stuttgart.
29. Jelaska V., Kolar-Jurkovšek T., Jurkovšek B. & Gušić I. (2003) - Triassic beds in the basement of the Adriatic-Dinaric carbonate platform of Mt. Svilaja (Croatia). Geologija, 46/2:225-230, Ljubljana.
30. Jiang Wu, Luo Yu-qiong, Lu Ting-qing & Tian ChuanMong (2000) - The Lower Triassic Conodonts and its Significance to Oil and Gas Exploration in Sichuan Basin. A. Micropal. Sinica, 17/1: 99-109, Nanjing.
31. Jurkovšek B., Kolar-Jurkovšek T. & Ogorelec B. (1999) Spodnjetriasne plasti pri Tehovcu (Polhograjsko hribovje) / Lower Triassic beds from Tehovec (Polhov Gradec Hills, Slovenia). Geologija, 41: 29-40, Ljubljana.
32. Koike T. (1982) - Triassic conodont Biostratigraphy in Kedah, West Malaysia. Geol. Palaeont. Southeast Asia. 23: 9-51, Tokyo.
33. Koike T. (1988) - Lower Triassic conodonts Platyuillosus from the Taho Limestone in Japan. Sci. Repts. Yokohama Nat. Univ., Sec. II, 35: 61-79, Yokohama.
34. Kolar-Jurkovšek T. (1990) - Smithian (Lower Triassic) conodonts from Slovenia (NW Yugoslavia). N. Jb. Geol. Paläont. Mh., 9: 536-546, Stuttgart.
35. Kolar-Jurkovšek T. & Jurkovšek B. (1995) - Lower Triassic conodont fauna from Trie (Karavanke Mts., Slovenia). Eclogae geol. Helv., 88/3; 789-801, Basel.
36. Kolar-Jurkovšek T. & Jurkovšek B. (1996) - Contribution to the knowledge of the Lower Triassic conodont fauna in Slovenia. Razprave 4. razr. SAZU, 37/1: 3-21, Ljubljana.
37. Kolar-Jurkovšek T. & Jurkovsek B. (2001) - Raziskave konodontov v spodnjetriasnih plasteh Slovenije / Conodont researches in the Lower Triassic strata of Slovenia. Geol. zbor., Povzetki referatov - Abstracts of Papers, 16: 46-47, Ljubljana.
38. Kozur H. (1996) - The Conodonts Hindeodus, Isarcicella and Sweetohindeodus in the uppermost Permian and lowermost Triassic. Geol. Croatica, 49/1: 81-115, Zagreb.
39. Kozur H.W. (2003) - Integrated ammonoid-, conodont and radiolarian zonation of the Triassic. Hallesches Jahrb. Geowiss., Reihe B, 25: 49-79, Halle (Saale).
40. Kozur H.W. (2004) - Pelagic uppermost Permian and the Permian - Triassic boundary conodonts of Iran. Part 1: Taxonomy. Hallesches Jahrb. Geowiss., Reihe B, 18: 39-68, Halle (Saale).
41. Kozur H. & Mostler H. (1972) - Die Bedeutung der Conodonten für stratigraphische und paläogeographische Untersuchungen in der Trias. Mitt. Ges. Geol. Bergbaustud. Wien, 32: 777- 810, Wien.
42. Kozur H. & Mostler H. (1973) - Beiträge zur Mikrofauna permotriadischer Schichtfolgen. Teil 1: Conodonten aus der Tibetzone des Niederen Himalaya (Dolpogebiet, Westnepal). Geol. Paläont. Mitt. Innsbruck, 3: 1-23, Innsbruck.
43. Kozur H. & Pjatakova M. (1976) - Die Conodontenart Anchignathodus parvus n. sp., eine wichtige Leitform der basalen Trias. Proc. Koninkl. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Series B., 79/2: 123-128, Amsterdam.
44. Kozur H., Ramovš A., Wang C.Y. & Zakharov Y.D. (1996) -The importance of Hindeodus parvus (Conodonta) for the definition of the Permian-Triassic boundary and evaluation of the proposed sections for a global stratotype section and point (GSSP) for the base of the Triassic. Geologija, 37-38: 173-213, Ljubljana.
45. Krystyn L., Richoz S., Baud A. & Twitchett R.J. (2003) - A unique Permian-Triassic boundary section from the Neotethyan Basin, Central Oman Mounatins. Paleogeogr., Paleoclim., Paleoecol., 191: 329-344, Amsterdam.
46. Levell B.K. (1980) - Evidence for currents associated with waves in Late Precambrian shelf deposits from Finnmark, North Norway. Sedimentology, 27: 153-167, Glasgow.
47. Matsuda T. (1981) - Early Triassic Conodonts from Kashmir, India. Part I. Hindeodus and Isarcicella. J. Geosci. Osaka City Univ., 24/3: 75-108, Osaka.
48. Matsuda T. (1985) - Late Permian to Early Triassic Conodont Paleobiogeography in the "Tethys Realm". In: Nakazawa K. & Dickins J.M. (eds) - The Tethys. Her Paleogeography and Paleobiogeography from Paleozoic to Mesozoic. Tokai Univ. Press: 157-170, Tokyo.
49. Müller K.J. (1956) - Triassic Conodonts from Nevada. J. Paleont., 30/4: 818-830, Tulsa.
50. Nicoll R.S., Metcalfe I. & Wang Cheng-Yuan (2002) - New species of the conodont genus Hindeodus and the conodont biostratigraphy of the Permian-Triassic boundary interval. J. Asian. Earth Sci., 28: 609-631, Oxford.
51. Nicora A. & Perri M.C. (1999) - The P-T Boundary in the Tesero section, western Dolomites (Trento). 3.3 Bio- and chronostratigraphy: conodonts. In: Cassinis G., Cortesogno L., Gaggero L., Massari F., Neri C., Nicosia U. & Pittau P. (eds) - Stratigraphy and facies of the Permian deposits between eastern Lombardy and the western Dolomites. Field Trip Guidebook. International field conference of "The Continental Permian of the Southern Alps and Sardinia (Italy), Regional Report and General Correlations", 15-25 September 1999: 97-100, Brescia.
52. Orchard M.J. (1996) - Conodont fauna from Permian-Triassic Boundary: observations and reservations. Permophiles, 28: 29-35, Calgary.
53. Orchard M.J. & Krystyn L. (1998) - Conodonts of the lowermost Triassic of Spiti, and new zonation based on Neogondolella succession. Riv. Ital. Paleont. Strat., 104: 341-368, Milano.
54. Orchard M.J., Nassichuk W.W. & Lin R. (1994) - Conodonts from the Lower Griesbachian Otoceras latilobatum bed of Selong, Tibet and the position of the Permian-Triassic boundary. Mem. Can. Soc. Petrol. Geol., 17: 823-843. Calgary.
55. Paull R.K. (1982) - Conodont Biostratigraphy of the Lower Triassic Rocks, Terrace Mountains, Northwestern Utah. Utah Geol. Ass., Publ., 10: 235-249, Salt Lake City.
56. Paull R.K. & Paull R.A. (1994) - Lower Triassic transgressive- regressive sequences in the Rocky Mountains, Eastern Great Basin, and Colorado Plateau, USA. In: Caputo M.V., Peterson J.A. & Franczyk K.J. (eds) - Mesozoic Systems of the Rocky Mountain Region, USA: 169-180, Denver.
57. Perri M.C. (1991) - Conodont biostratigraphy of the Werfen Formation (Lower Triassic), Southern Alps, Italy. Boll. Soc. Paleont. It., 30: 23-46, Modena.
58. Perri M.C. & Andraghetti M. (1987) - Permian-Triassic boundary and Early Triassic conodonts from the Southern Alps, Italy. Riv. Ital. Paleont. Strat., 93/3: 291-238, Milano.
59. Perri M.C. & Farabegoli E. (2003) - Conodonts across the Permian-Triassic boundary in the Southern Alps. Cour. Forsch. Inst. Senckenberg, 245: 281-313
60. Frankfurt a. M. Placer L. (1999) - Contribution to the macrotectonic sub-division of the border region between Southern Alps and External Dinarides. Geologija, 41 (1998): 223-255, Ljubljana.
61. Prelogović E., Pribicevic B., Ivković Ž., Dragičević I., Buljan R. & Tomljenovic B. (2004) - Recent structural fabric of the Dinarides and tectonically active zones important for petroleum-geological exploration in Croatia. Nafta, 55: 155-161, Zagreb!
62. Reinson G.E. (1984) - Barrier Island and Associated Strand Plain Systems. In: Walker, K.R. (ed.) - Facies Models. Ainsworth Press. Limited, 119-207, Kitchner.
63. Rejebian V.A., Harris A.G. & Huebner J.S. (1987) - Conodont color and textural alteration: an index to regional metamorphism, contact metamorphism and hydrothermal alteratioa Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 99: 471-497, Washington.
64. Savić D. & Dozet S. (1984) - Osnovna geološka karta SFRJ 1:100.000, list Delnice / Basic Geological Map of SFR Yugoslavia 1:100.000, Sheet Delnice. Savezni geološki zavod, Beograd.
65. Savić D. & Dozet S. (1985) - Tolmač lista Delnice. Osnovna geoloska karta SFRJ 1:100.000. / Explanation of Sheet
66. Delnice. Basic Geological Map of SFR Yugoslavia 1:100.000. Savezni geološki zavod: 66 pp., Beograd.
67. Schönlaub H.P. (1991) - The Permian-Triassic of the Gartnerkofel-1 Core (Carnic Alps, Austria): Conodont biostratigraphy. Abh. Geol. B.-A., 45: 79-98, Wien.
68. Solien M.A. (1979) - Conodont biostratigraphy of the Lower Triassic Thaynes Formation, Utah. J. Paleont., 53/2: 2765-306, Lawrence.
69. Staesche U. (1964) - Conodonten aus dem Skyth von Südtirol. N. Jb. Geol. Paläont. Abh., 119/3:247-306, Wien.
70. Sudar M. (1986) - Mikrofosili i biostratigrafija trijasa Unutrašnjih Dinarida Jugoslavije imedu Guceva i Ljubisnje / Triassic microfossils and biostratigraphy of the Inner Dinarides between Gučevo and Ljubišnja Mts., Yugoslavia. Geol. an. Balk, pol., 50: 151-394, Beograd.
71. Sweet W.C. (1970) - Uppermost Permian and Lower Triassic Conodonts of the Salt Range and Trans-Indus Ranges, West Pakistan. In: Kummel B. & Teichert C. (eds) -Stratigraphic Boundary Problems: Permian and Triassic of West Pakistan. Univ. Kansas, Dept. Geology. Spec. Publ., 4: 207-275, Lawrence.
72. Sweet W.C. (1981) - Families Ellisoniidae, Xaniognathidae. In: Robison R.A. (ed.) - Conodonta. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part W. Miscellanea, Supplement 2: W152-W157, figs. 101-105, Univ. Kansas & Geol. Soc. Am. Press, Lawrence.
73. Sweet W.C. & Bergström S.M. (1986) - Conodonts and biostratigraphic correlation. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sc., 14: 85-112, Palo Alto.
74. Sweet W.C., Mosher L.C., Clark D.L., Collinson J.W. & Hassenmueller W.A. (1971) - Conodont biostratigraphy of the Triassic. In: Sweet W.C. & Bergström S.M. (eds) - Symposium on Conodont Biostratigraphy. Geol. Soc. Am. Mem., 127: 441-465, Boulder.
75. Swift D.J. P., Freeland G.L. & Young R.A. (1979) - Time and space distribution of megaripples and associated bedforms, Middle Atlantic Bight, North American Atlantic Shelf. Sedimentology, 26: 389-407, Glasgow.
76. Swift D., Hudelson M.P., Brenner L.R. & Thompson P. (1987) - Shelf construction in a foreland basin: storm beds, shelf sandbodies, and shelf slope depositional sequence in the Upper Cretaceous Mesaverde Group, Book Clifs, Utah. Sedimentology, 34: 423-459, Glasgow.
77. Šćavničar B. (1973) - Klastiti trijasa u Gorskom kotaru (Clastic Sediments of the Triassic in the Gorski Kotar Region). Acta Geologica, VII/3: 105-106, Zagreb.
78. Šćavničar B. & Šušnjara A. (1966) - Sur la presence de Trias inferier dans la region de Gorski Kotar en Croatie. Bull. Sci., Yugosl., 11: 7-9, Zagreb.
79. Šćavničar B. & Šušnjara A. (1967) - Geoloska i petrografska istraživanja trijaskih naslaga u Gorskom kotaru (podrucje Lokve i Gerovo / Recherches Gologiques et pétrographiques des couches Triasiques de Gorski Kotar en Croatie (Région Lokve-Gerovo). Geol. vjesnik, 20: 87-106, Zagreb.
80. Šćavničar B. & Šušnjara A. (1983) - The geologic Column of the Lower Triassic at Muć (Southern Croatia). Acta geologica 13/1: 1-25; Zagreb.
81. Tian C., Dai J. & Jiang S. (1983) - Triassic conodonts. In Paleontological atlas of southwest China. Microfossils. Chengdu Inst. Geol. Mineral Res.: 345-398, Chengdu.
82. Von Bitter P.H. & Norby R.D. (1994) - Fossil epithelial cell imprints as indicators of conodont biology. Lethaia, 27: 193-198. Oslo.
83. Yin H. (1993) - A proposal for the global stratotype section and point (GSSP) of the Permian - Triassic boundary. Albertiana, 11: 4-30, Utrecht.
84. Yin H., Sweet W.C., Glenister B.F., Kotlyar G., Kozur H., Newell N.D., Sheng J., Yang Z. & Zakharov Y.D. (1996) - Recommendation of the Meishan section as Global Stratotype Section and Point for basal boundary of Triassic System. Newsl. Stratigr., 34/2: 81-108, Stuttgart.
85. Yin H., Zhang K., Tong J., Yang Z. & Wu S. (2001) - The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Permian-Triassic Boundary. Episodes, 24: 102-114, Ottawa.
86. Wang Zhi-hao & Zhong Duan (1994) - Triassic Conodons from Different Facies in Eastern Yunnan, Western Guizhou and Northern Guangxi. A. Micropal. Sinica, 11/4:379-412, Nanjing.
87. Zakharov V.D. & Rybalka S.V. (1987) - A standard for the Permian-Triassic in the Tethys. In: Zakharov Y.D. & Onoprienko Y.I. (eds) - Problems of the Permian and Triassic biostratigraphy of East USSR. USSR Acad. Sci. Far-Eastern Sci. Cent.: 6-48, Vladivostok.