Survey of Certified Pharmacy Technicians in the United States: A quality-of-worklife study

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association

Volumn 45, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 458-465

  Desselle, Shane P ^a  

^a DUQUESNE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Career ladders; Certification; Pharmacy technicians; Quality of worklife; Salary; Surveys

Indexed keywords

CAREER MOBILITY; CONTINUING EDUCATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; HUMAN; JOB SATISFACTION; MEDICAL PRACTICE; NORMAL HUMAN; PHARMACY TECHNICIAN; QUALITY OF WORKING LIFE; RACE DIFFERENCE; REVIEW; UNITED STATES; ARTICLE; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; ECONOMICS; EDUCATION; FEMALE; MALE; PHARMACIST; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; QUESTIONNAIRE; SALARY AND FRINGE BENEFIT; STANDARD; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STATISTICS; WORKLOAD;

CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DATA INTERPRETATION, STATISTICAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; JOB SATISFACTION; MALE; PHARMACISTS' AIDES; QUESTIONNAIRES; SALARIES AND FRINGE BENEFITS; UNITED STATES; WORKLOAD;

EID: 33646902131     PISSN: 15443191     EISSN: 15443450     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1331/1544345054475568     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Mott DA, Sorofman BA, Kreling DH, et al. A four-state summary of the pharmacy workforce. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2001;41:693-702.
2. Mott DA, Doucette WR, Gaither CA, et al. A ten-year analysis of pharmacist participation in the workforce. Am J Pharm Educ. 2002;66:223-33.
3. Law AV, Ray MD, Knapp KK, Balesh JK. Unmet needs in the medication use process: perceptions of physicians, pharmacists, and patients. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2003;43:394-402.
4. Knapp KK, Livesey JC. The aggregate demand index: measuring the balance between pharmacist supply and demand, 1999-2001. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2002;42:391-8.
5. Maine LL. Will the pharmacist shortage derail our dreams? J Am Pharm Assoc. 2002;42:379-80.
6. McHugh PP. Pharmacists' attitudes regarding quality of worklife. J Am Pharm Assoc. 1999;39:667-76.
7. Mott DA, Doucette WR, Gaither CA, et al. Pharmacists' attitudes toward worklife: results from a national survey of pharmacists. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2004;44:326-36.
8. Schommer JC, Pedersen CA, Doucette WR, et al. Community pharmacists' work activities in the United States during 2000. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2002;42:399-406.
9. Desselle SP, Tipton DJ. Factors contributing to the satisfaction and performance ability of community pharmacists: a path model analysis. J Soc Adm Pharm. 2001;18:15-23.
10. Gaither CA. Career commitment: mediator of the effects of job stress on pharmacists' work-related attitudes. J Am Pharm Assoc. 1999;39:353-61.
11. Wilensky H. The professionalization of everyone? Am J Soc. 1964;70:137-58.
12. Desselle SP, Vaughan M, Faria T. Creating a performance appraisal template for pharmacy technicians using the method of equal-appearing intervals. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2002;42:768-79.
13. Muenzen PM, Greenberg S, Murer MM. PTCB task analysis identifies role of certified pharmacy technicians in pharmaceutical care. J Am Pharm Assoc. 1999;39:857-64.
14. Anonymous. Sesquicentennial stepping stone summits-summit two: pharmacy technicians. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2003;43:84-92.
15. Pharmacy Technician Certification Board Web site. National statistics. Accessed at www.ptcb.org, June 6, 2005.
16. Mott DA, Vanderpool WH, Smeenk DA. Attitudes of Ohio hospital pharmacy directors toward national voluntary pharmacy technician certification. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 1998;55:1799-803.
17. Anonymous. White paper on pharmacy technicians (2002): needed changes can no longer wait. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2003;43:93-107.
18. Aday LA. Designing and conducting health surveys. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 1996:143-76.
19. Dillman DA. Mail and telephone surveys: the total design method. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons; 1978.
20. Porter L. Study of perceived satisfaction in both bottom and middle managers. J Appl Psychol. 1961;45:1-10.
21. Porter LW, Steers RM, Mowday RT, Boulian PV. Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover among psychiatric technicians. J Appl Psychol. 1974;59:603-9.
22. Eisenberger R, Huntington R, Huchison S, Sowa D. Perceived organizational support. J Appl Psychol. 1986;71:500-7.
23. Cohen S, Wills TA. Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychol Bull. 1985;98:310-57.
24. Kong SX, Wertheimer AI, McGhan WF. Role stress, organizational commitment and turnover intention among pharmaceutical scientists: a multivariate analysis. J Soc Adm Pharm. 1992;9:159-71.
25. Fjortoft NF, Lee MW. Developing and testing a model of professional commitment. Am J Pharm Educ. 1994;58:370-8.
26. Gaither CA. Predictive validity of work/career-related attitudes and intentions on pharmacists' turnover behavior. J Pharm Market Manage. 1998;12(4):3-25.
27. Wolfgang AP. The health professions stress inventory. Psychol Rep. 1988;62:220-2.
28. SPSS Base 11.0 User's Guide. Chicago: SPSS, Inc.; 2002.
29. Slaughter RL, Pakkala JL. Technician wages average $12.39 per hour. J Mich Pharm. 2002;40:18-21.
30. Kong SX, Predictors of organizational and career commitment among Illinois pharmacists. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 1995;52:2005-11.
31. Wolfgang AP, Ortmeier BG. Career commitment, career plans, and job-related stress: a follow-up study of pharmacy students as pharmacists. Am J Pharm Educ. 1993;57:25-8.
32. Gaither CA. Career commitment: a mediator of the effects of job stress on pharmacists' work-related attitudes. J Am Pharm Assoc. 1999;39:353-61.
33. American Council on Pharmaceutical Education/Council on Credentialing in Pharmacy. Compilation of written submissions and summaries of the ten open hearings, 2003: the profession-wide dialog concerning the development of national standards and an accreditation process for pharmacy technician education and training. Accessed at www.pharmacycredentialing.org/ccp/ TechComments.pdf, May 25, 2005.
34. Churchill GA. Marketing research: methodological foundations. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston; 1987.