Isozyme and morphological variation in maize of five Andean countries

Maydica

Volumn 51, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 25-42

  Sanchez G J J ^a   Goodman, M M ^b   Bird, R Mc K ^b   Stuber, C W ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GUADALAJARA   (Mexico)

^b NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Genetic diversity; Maize landraces; Numerical taxonomy

Indexed keywords

ZEA MAYS;

EID: 33646847498     PISSN: 00256153     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. BIRD R.McK., 1970 Maize and its cultural and natural environment in the Sierra of Huánuco, Peru. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Botany, Univ. of California, Berkeley. 311 p. University Microfilms 71-9767.
2. BIRD R.McK., 1980 Maize evolution from 500 B.C. to the present. Biotropica 12: 30-41.
3. BIRD R.McK., 1984 South American maize in Central America? In: D. Stone (Ed.), Pre-Columbian Plant Migration. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard Univ. 76: 40-65.
4. BIRD R.McK., 1989 Maize, man and vegetation in north-central Peru. pp. 47-468. In: J.H. Bock, Y.B. Linhart (Eds.), The Evolutionary Ecology of Plants, Westview Press, Boulder, CO.
5. BIRD R.McK., 1990 What are the chances of finding maize in Peru dating before 1000 B.C.?: Reply to Bonavia and Grobman. Am. Antiquity 55: 828-840.
6. BIRD R.McK., M.M. GOODMAN, 1977 The races of maize. V: Grouping maize races on the basis of ear morphology. Econ. Bot. 31: 471-481.
7. BIRD R.McK., D.L. BROWMAN, M.E. DURBIN, 1988 Quechua and maize: mirrors of central Andean culture history. J. Steward Anthropol. Soc. 15: 187-240.
8. BLUMENSCHEIN A., 1973 Chromosome knob patterns in Latin American maize. pp. 271-277. In: A.M. Srb (Ed.), Genes, enzymes and populations. Plenum Press.
9. BONAVIA D., A. GROBMAN, 1989 Andean maize: its origin and domestication. pp. 456-469. In: D.R. Harris, G.C. Hillman (Eds.), Foraging and farming. The evolution of plant exploitation. Institute of Archaelogy, University College, London.
10. BRETTING P.K., M.M. GOODMAN, C.W. STUBER 1987 Karyological and isozyme variation in West Indian and allied American Mainland races of maize. Amer. J. Bot. 74: 1601-1613.
11. BRETTING P.K., M.M. GOODMAN, C.W. STUBER, 1990 Isozymatic variation in Guatemalan races of maize. Amer. J. Bot. 77: 211-225.
12. BRIEGER F.G., J.T.A. GURGEL, E. PATERNIANI, A. BLUMENSCHEIN, M.R. ALLEONI, 1958 Races of maize in Brazil and other eastern South American countries. Pub. 953. NAS-NRC, Washington, D.C.
13. BROWN W.L., M.M. GOODMAN, 1977 Races of corn. pp. 49-88. In: G.F. Sprague (Ed.), Corn and Corn Improvement. 2nd ed., Agronomy Series 18, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI.
14. CAVALLI-SFORZA L.L., 2000 Genes, peoples and languages. North Point Press.
15. CAVALLI-SFORZA L.L., P. MENOZZI, A. PIAZZA, 1994 The history and geography of human genes. Princeton University Press.
16. CAVIEDES C., G. KNAPP, 1995 South America. Prentice Hall.
17. CRAWFORD M.H., 1998 The origins of native Americans. Evidence from anthropological genetics. Cambridge University Press.
18. CUTLER H.C., 1946 Races of maize in South America. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harv. Univ. 12: 257-299.
19. CUTLER H.C., M. CARDENAS H., 1947 Chicha, a native South American beer. Bot. Museum Leaflets, Harvard Univ. 13: 33-60.
20. DOEBLEY J.F., M.M. GOODMAN, C.W. STUBER, 1983 Isozyme variation in maize from the Southwestern United States: Taxonomic and anthropological implications. Maydica 28: 94-20.
21. DOEBLEY J.F., M.M. GOODMAN, C.W. STUBER, 1984 Isozyme variation in Zea (Gramineae). Syst. Bot. 9: 203-18.
22. DOEBLEY J.F., M.M. GOODMAN, C.W. STUBER, 1985 Isozyme variation in races of maize from Mexico. Amer. J. Bot. 72: 629-39.
23. DOEBLEY J.F., M.M. GOODMAN, C. W. STUBER, 1986 Exceptional genetic divergence of Northern Flint corn. Amer. J. Bot. 73: 64-69.
24. DOEBLEY J.F., M.M. GOODMAN, C.W. STUBER, 1987 Patterns of isozyme variation between maize and Mexican annual teosinte. Econ. Bot. 41: 234-246.
25. DOEBLEY J.F., J.D. WENDEL, J.S.C. SMITH, C.W. STUBER, M.M. GOODMAN, 1988 The origin of Corn Belt maize: The isozyme evidence. Econ. Bot. 42: 120-131.
26. FAOSTAT DATA, 2004 Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO Statistical Databases. http://apps.fao.org. Last accessed February 2004.
27. GOODMAN M.M., 1972 Distance analysis in biology. Systematic Zoology 21: 174-186.
28. GOODMAN M.M., E. PATERNIANI, 1969 The races of maize. III. Choices of appropriate characters for racial classification. Econ. Bot. 23: 265-273.
29. GOODMAN M.M., R.McK. BIRD, 1977 The races of maize. IV. Tentative grouping of 219 Latin American races. Econ. Bot. 31: 204-221.
30. GOODMAN M.M., C.W. STUBER, 1983 Races of maize. VI. Isozyme variation among races of maize in Bolivia. Maydica 28: 169-187.
31. GOODMAN M.M., W.L. BROWN, 1988 Races of corn. pp. 33-79. In: G.F. Sprague, J.W. Dudley (Eds.), Corn and Corn Improvement, third edition. Am. Soc. of Agron. Madison, Wis.
32. GRANT U.J., W.H. HATHEWAY, D.H. TIMOTHY, C. CASSALETT D., L.M. ROBERTS, 1963 Races of maize in Venezuela. Pub. 1136. NAS-NRC, Washington, D.C.
33. GROBMAN A., W. SALHUANA, R. SEVILLA, P.C. MANGELSDORF, 1961 Races of maize in Peru. Pub. 915. NAS-NRC, Washington, D.C.
34. HIJMANS R.J., L. GUARINO, C. BUSSINK, P. MATHUR, M. CRUZ, I. BARRENTES, E. ROJAS, 2003 DIVA-GIS Version 4.0 A geographic information system for the analysis of species distribution data. Intl. Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI), Rome, Italy.
35. KATO Y. T.A., A. BLUMENSCHEIN, 1967 Complejos de nudos cromosomicos en los maices de America. Fitotec. Latinoam. 4: 13-24.
36. LAMP (PROYECTO LATINO-AMERICANO DE MAIZ), 1991 Catalogo del Germoplasma de Maíz, tomos 1 and 2. National Seed Storage Laboratory, Ft. Collins, CO.
37. MATSUOKA Y., Y. VIGOUROUX, M.M. GOODMAN, J. SÁNCHEZ G., E. BUCKLER, J. DOEBLEY, 2002 A single domestication for maize shown by multilocus microsatellite genotyping. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 6080-6084.
38. MCCLINTOCK B., 1959 Genetic and cytological studies of maize. Carnegie Inst. Washington Year Book 58: 452-456.
39. MCCLINTOCK B., 1960 Chromosome constitutions of Mexican and Guatemalan races of maize. Carnegie Inst. Washington Year Book 59: 461-472.
40. MCCLINTOCK B., T.A. KATO Y., A. BLUMENSCHEIN, 1981 Chromosome Constitution of Races of Maize. Colegio de Postgraduados, Chapingo, México.
41. MORENO U., 1960 Estudio del numero de cromosomas tipo B y de la frecuencia y posicion de nudos cromosomicos en razas de maiz del Peru. Agronomia (Lima) 27: 39-51.
42. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES-NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL, 1954 Collection of Original Strains of Corn. Vol. I and II. Washington, D.C.
43. NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL, 1989 Lost crops of the Incas: Little-known plants of the Andes with promise for worldwide cultivation. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
44. PATERNIANI E., M.M. GOODMAN, 1978 Races of maize in Brazil and adjacent areas. CIMMYT, Mexico City.
45. PICKERSGILL B., 1989 Cytological and genetical evidence on the domestication and diffusion of crops within the Americas. pp. 427-439. In: D.R. Harris, G.C. Hillman (Eds.), Foraging and farming, the evolution of plant explotation. Unwin Hyman, London.
46. RAMIREZ E.R., D.H. TIMOTHY, E. DIAZ B., U.J. GRANT, G.E. NICHOLSON CALLE, E. ANDERSON, W.L. BROWN, 1960 Races of maize in Bolivia. Pub. 747. NAS-NRC, Washington, D.C.
47. ROBERTS L.M., U.J. GRANT, R. RAMIREZ E., W.H. HATHEWAY, D.L. SMITH, P.C. MANGELSDORF, 1957 Races of maize in Colombia. Pub. 510. NAS-NRC, Washington, D.C.
48. RODRIGUEZ A., M. ROMERO, J. QUIROGA, G. AVILA, A. BRANDOLINI, 1968 Maices Bolivianos. FAO, Roma.
49. ROHLF F.J., 1993 NTSYS-pc. Numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system. Exeter Software, New York.
50. SANCHEZ G. J.J., 1989 Relationships among the Mexican races of maize. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, North Carolina State University, Raleigh. 187 p.
51. SANCHEZ G. J.J., M.M. GOODMAN, J.O. RAWLINGS, 1993 Appropriate characters for racial classification in maize. Econ. Bot. 47: 44-59.
52. SANCHEZ G. J.J., M.M. GOODMAN, C.W. STUBER, 2000a Isozymatic and morphological diversity in the races of maize of Mexico. Econ. Bot. 54: 43-59.
53. SANCHEZ G. J.J., C.W. STUBER, M.M. GOODMAN 2000b Isozymatic diversity in the races of maize of the Americas. Maydica 45: 185-203.
54. SAS IINSTITUTE INC., 1992 SAS Technical Report P-229. SAS/STAT Software: Changes and Enhancements. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC.
55. SEVILLA R., 1994 Variation in modern Andean maize and its implications for Prehistoric patterns. pp. 219-244. In: S. Johannessen, C.A. Hastorf (Eds.), Corn and culture in the Prehistoric New World. Westview Press.
56. STEPHENS S.G., 1973 Geographical distribution of cultivated cottons relative to probable centers of domestication in the new world. pp. 239-254. In: A.M. Srb (Ed.), Genes, enzymes and populations. Plenum Press.
57. STUBER C.W., M.M. GOODMAN, F.M. JOHNSON, 1977 Genetic control and racial variation of b-glucosidase isozymes in maize (Zea mays L.). Biochem. Genet. 15: 383-394.
58. STUBER C.W., J.F. WENDEL, M.M. GOODMAN, J.S.C. SMITH, 1988 Techniques and scoring procedures for starch gel electrophoresis of enzymes from maize (Zea mays L.). Technical Bulletin 286. North Carolina Agric. Res. Service, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, USA.
59. TIMOTHY D.H., W.H. HATHEWAY, U.J. GRANT, M. TORREGROZA C., D. SARRIA V., D. VARELA A., 1963 Races of maize in Ecuador. Pub.975. NAS-NRC, Washington, D.C.
60. TYKOT R.H., J.E. STALLER, 2002 The importance of early maize agriculture in coastal Ecuador: New data from La Emerenciana. Current Anthrop. 43: 666-677.
61. WELLHAUSEN E.J., L.M. ROBERTS, E. HERNANDEZ X., P.C. MANGELSDORF, 1951 Razas de maíz en México. Su origen, características y distribución. O.E.E., S.A.G. Folleto Técnico Núm. 5.
62. WELLHAUSEN E.J., A. FUENTES O., A. HERNANDEZ C., P.C. MANGELSDORF, 1957 Races of Maize in Central America. National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Publ. 511, Washington, DC., 128 p.
63. WISHART D., 2003 Clustan Graphics Primer. A guide to cluster analysis. Second Edition. Clustan Limited, Edinburgh.