The combined effect of canopy shading and sea urchin grazing on recruitment in kelp forest (Laminaria hyperborea)

Marine Biology Research

Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 24-32

  Sjøtun, Kjersti ^a,c   Christie, Hartvig ^b   Fosså, Jan Helge ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF MARINE RESEARCH   (Norway)

^b NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE FOR WATER RESEARCH   (Norway)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

Author keywords

Canopy effect; Echinus esculentus; Grazing; Kelp recruitment; Laminaria hyperborea

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; BIOMASS; ECHINODERM; FOREST CANOPY; GRAZING; MARINE ENVIRONMENT;

EURASIA; EUROPE; NORTHERN EUROPE; NORWAY; SCANDINAVIA;

ECHINOIDEA; ECHINUS ESCULENTUS; LAMINARIA; LAMINARIA HYPERBOREA;

EID: 33646788756     PISSN: 17451000     EISSN: 17451019     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/17451000500537418     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Briand X. 1991. Seaweed harvesting in Europe. In: Guiry MD, Blunden G, editors. Seaweed Resources in Europe: Uses and Potential. New York: John Wiley & Sons. p 259-308.
2. Chapman ARO. 1984. Reproduction, recruitment and mortality in two species of Laminaria in southwest Nova Scotia. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 87:99-109.
3. Christie H, Fredriksen S, Rinde E. 1998. Regrowth of kelp and colonization of epiphyte and fauna community after kelp trawling at the coast of Norway. Hydrobiologia 375/376:49-58.
4. Christie H, Leinaas HP, Skadsheim A. 1995. Local patterns in mortality of the green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, at the Norwegian coast. In: Skjoldal HR, Hopkins C, Erikstad KE, Leinaas HP, editors. Ecology of Fjords and Coastal Waters: Proceedings of the Mare Nor Symposium on the Ecology of Fjord and Coastal Waters, Tromsø, Norway, 5-9 December 1994. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science. p 573-84.
5. Christie H, Rinde E. 1995. Changes in sea urchin abundance, sea urchin parasite and benthic algal vegetation along the coast of Mid-Norway. NINA Oppdragsmelding 359:1-39 [in Norwegian with English summary].
6. Connell JH, Sousa WP. 1983. On the evidence needed to judge ecological stability or persistence. American Naturalist 121:789-824.
7. Creed JC, Kain JM, Norton TA. 1998. An experimental evaluation of density and plant size in two large brown seaweeds. Journal of Phycology 34:39-52.
8. Dayton PK. 1971. Competition, disturbance and community organization: the provision and subsequent utilization of space in a rocky intertidal community. Ecological Monographs 41:351-89.
9. Dayton PK. 1985. The structure and regulation of some South American kelp communities. Ecological Monographs 55:447-68.
10. Dean TA, Thies K, Lagos SL. 1989. Survival of juvenile giant kelp: the effects of demographic factors, competitors, and grazers. Ecology 70:483-95.
11. Fredriksen S, Sjøtun K, Lein TE, Rueness J. 1995. Spore dispersal in Laminaria hyperborea (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae). Sarsia 80:47-54.
12. Graham MH, Harrold C, Lisin S, Light K, Watanabe JM, Foster MS. 1997. Population dynamics of giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera along a wave exposure gradient. Marine Ecology Progress Series 148:269-79.
13. Hagen NT. 1983. Destructive grazing of kelp beds by sea urchins in Vestfjorden, northern Norway. Sarsia 68:177-90.
14. Hjörleifsson E, Kaasa Ø, Gunnarsson K. 1995. Grazing of kelp by green sea urchin in Eyafjördur, North Iceland. In: Skjoldal HR, Hopkins C, Erikstad KE, Leinaas HP, editors. Ecology of Fjords and Coastal Waters: Proceedings of the Mare Nor Symposium on the Ecology of Fjord and Coastal Waters, Tromsø, Norway, 5-9 December 1994. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science. p 593-7.
15. Jensen A. 1998. The seaweed resources of Norway. In: Critchley AT, Ohno M, editors. Seaweed Resources of the World. Yokosuka: Japan International Cooperation Agency. p 200-9.
16. Jones NS, Kain JM. 1967. Subtidal algal colonization following the removal of Echinus. Helgoländer wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen 15:460-6.
17. Kain JM. 1963. Aspects of the biology of Laminaria hyperborea II. Age, weight and length. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK 43:129-51.
18. Kain JM. 1971. Synopsis of biological data on Laminaria hyperborea. FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 87.
19. Kain JM. 1975. The biology of Laminaria hyperborea VII. Reproduction of the sporophyte. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK 55:567-82.
20. Kiirikki M. 1996. Experimental evidence that Fucus vesiculosus (Phaeophyta) controls filamentous algae by means of the whiplash effect. European Journal of Phycology 31:61-6.
21. Løvås SM. 2000. Hydro-physical conditions in kelp forest and the effect on wave damping and dune erosion. Dr. Ing. Thesis, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
22. Reed DC. 1990. The effects of variable settlement and early competition on patterns of kelp recruitment. Ecology 71:776-87.
23. Rinde E, Sjøtun K. 2005. Demographic variation in the kelp Laminaria hyperborea along a latitudinal gradient. Marine Biology 146:1051-62.
24. Santelices B, Ojeda FP. 1984. Recruitment, growth and survival of Lessonia nigrescens (Phaeophyta) at various tidal levels in exposed habitats of central Chile. Marine Ecology Progress Series 19:73-82.
25. Sivertsen K. 1997. Geographic and environmental factors affecting the distribution of kelp beds and barren grounds and changes in biota associated with kelp reduction at sites along the Norwegian coast. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54:2872-87.
26. Sjøtun K, Christie H, Fosså JH. 2000. Ressursgrunnlag for taretråling og gjenvekst etter prøvetråling i Sør-Trøndelag. Fisken og Havet nr. 6 2000 [in Norwegian with English abstract].
27. Sjøtun K, Fredriksen S. 1995. Growth allocation in Laminaria hyperborea (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) in relation to age and wave exposure. Marine Ecology Progress Series 126:213-22.
28. Sjøtun K, Fredriksen S, Rueness J. 1998. Effect of canopy biomass and wave exposure on growth in Laminaria hyperborea (Laminariaceae: Phaeophyta). European Journal of Phycology 33:337-43.
29. Skadsheim A, Christie H, Leinaas HP. 1995. Population reductions of Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis (Echinodermata) in Norway and the distribution of its endoparasite Echinomermella matsi (Nematoda). Marine Ecology Progress Series 119:199-209.
30. Steen H, Scrosati R. 2004. Intraspecific competition in Fucus serratus and F. evanescens (Phaeophyceae: Fucales) germlings: effects of settlement density, nutrient concentration, and temperature. Marine Biology 144:61-70.
31. Svendsen P. 1972. Noen observasjoner over taretråling og gjenvekst av stortare, Laminaria hyperborea. Fiskets Gang nr. 22(1972):448-60 [in Norwegian with English abstract].
32. Vadas RL, Johnson S, Norton TA. 1992. Recruitment and mortality of early post-settlement stages of benthic algae. British Phycological Journal 27:331-51.
33. Wing SR, Leichter JJ, Denny MW. 1993. A dynamic model for wave-induced light fluctuations in a kelp forest. Limnology and Oceanography 38:396-407.
34. Zar JH. 1999. Biostatistical Analysis. 4th ed. Prentice-Hall: New Jersey, USA.