Financing mental health services in low- and middle-income countries

Health Policy and Planning

Volumn 21, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 171-182

  Dixon, Anna ^a,c   McDaid, David ^a,d,e,f,g   Knapp, Martin ^a,b,h,i   Curran, Claire ^a,j  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS   (United Kingdom)

^b KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OREGON   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF YORK   (United Kingdom)

^e BRUNEL UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^f Mental Health Economics European Network

^g Health Equity Network

^h Personal Social Services Research Unit   (United Kingdom)

ⁱ Personal Social Services Research Unit ^*

^j UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

more..

Author keywords

Developed countries; Developing countries; Fees; Financing; Mental health services; Organized

Indexed keywords

AZERBAIJAN; BULGARIA; CHILE; COMMUNITY CARE; DEVELOPED COUNTRY; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; FEE; GEORGIA (REPUBLIC); HEALTH CARE ACCESS; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION; HEALTH ECONOMICS; HUMAN; KENYA; KYRGYZSTAN; LOWEST INCOME GROUP; MALAYSIA; MENTAL DISEASE; MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE; NEPAL; PAKISTAN; PRIVATE HEALTH INSURANCE; PUBLIC HEALTH INSURANCE; REVIEW; RURAL HEALTH CARE; TAX; THAILAND; ZAMBIA;

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; FINANCING, PERSONAL; HUMANS; INSURANCE COVERAGE; INSURANCE, HEALTH; MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES; PRIVATE SECTOR; TAXES;

EID: 33646788413     PISSN: 02681080     EISSN: 14602237     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czl004     Document Type: Review

References (61)

1. Alarcon RD, Aguilar-Gaxiola SA. 2000. Mental health policy developments in Latin America. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 78: 483-90.
2. Alegria M, Bijl RV, Lin E, Walters EE, Kessler RC. 2000. Income differences in persons seeking outpatient treatment for mental disorders: a comparison of the United States with Ontario and the Netherlands. Archives of General Psychiatry 57: 383-91.
3. Alem A, Jacobsson L, Araya M, Kebede D, Kullgren G. 1999. How are mental disorders seen and where is help sought in a rural Ethiopian community? A key informant study in Butajira, Ethiopia. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Supplementum 397: 40-7.
4. Andrews G, Issakidis C, Carter G. 2001. Shortfall in mental health service utilisation. British Journal of Psychiatry 179: 417-25.
5. Baingana F, Beeharry G, Chambers D, Whiteford H. 2002. Outlining the scope for public sector involvement in mental health. Washington DC: World Bank, Health, Nutrition and Population Department.
6. Bartley M. 1994. Unemployment and ill health: understanding the relationship. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 48: 333-7.
7. Beck RG, Horne JM. 1980. Utilization of publicly insured health services in Saskatchewan before, during and after copayment. Medical Care 18: 787-806.
8. Bennett S, Gilson L. 2001. Health financing: designing and implementing pro-poor policies. London: DFID Health Systems Resource Centre. Available at: [http://www.healthsystemsrc.org/], accessed on 20 November 2002.
9. Bir A, Frank R. 2001. Mental illness and the labor market in developing nations. Commission on Macroeconomics and Health. Working paper series WG1: 6. Geneva: World Health Organization. Available at: [http://www.cmhealth.org/docs/ wg1_paper6.pdf], accessed on 20 November 2002.
10. Buck JA. 2002. Effects of the Mental Health Parity Act of 1996. Washington, DC: SAMHSA National Mental Health Information Center. Available at: [http://www.mental health.org/cmhs/ManagedCare/Parity/ParityActEffcts.asp], accessed on 2 May 2002.
11. Chisholm D, Sanderson D, Ayuso-Mateo J, Saxena S. 2004. Reducing the global burden of depression: population analysis of intervention cost-effectiveness in 14 world regions. British Journal of Psychiatry 184: 393-403.
12. Cullen M, Whiteford H. 2001. The interrelations of social capital with health and mental health. Discussion paper. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia.
13. Desjarlais R, Eisenberg L, Good B, Kleinman A. 1995. World mental health: problems and priorities in low income countries. New York: Oxford University Press.
14. DFID Health Systems Resource Centre. 2002. Dfid health insurance workshop, April 2002. London. Available at: [http://www.dfid healthrc.org/shared/events/events_reports/Health_insurance_ workshopreport.pdf], accessed on 7 December 2004.
15. Eisenberg L. 1997. Psychiatry and health in low-income populations. Comprehensive Psychiatry 38: 69-73.
16. Feinson MC, Popper M. 1995. Does Affordability affect mental health utilization? A United States - Israel comparison of older adults. Social Science and Medicine 40: 669-78.
17. Frank R, McGuire T. 2000. Economics and mental health. In: Culyer AJ, Newhouse JP (eds). Handbook of health economics. New York: Elsevier Science.
18. Georgian Association for Mental Health. 2000. Submission by the Georgian Association for Mental Health to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Icescr). Available at: [http://www.mdac.info/region/ georgia.htm], accessed on 28 August 2003.
19. Giel R, de Arango MV, Hafeiz Babikir A et al. 1983. The burden of mental illness on the family. Results of observations in four developing countries. A Report from the WHO Collaborative Study on Strategies for Extending Mental Health Care. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 68: 186-201.
20. Goldman W, McCulloch J, Sturm R. 1998. Costs and use of mental health services before and after managed care. Health Affairs 17: 40-52.
21. Gulbinat W, Manderscheid R, Baingana F et al. 2004. The international consortium on mental health policy and services: objectives, design and project implementation. International Review of Psychiatry 16: 5-7.
22. Gureje O, Alem A. 2000. Mental health policy development in Africa. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 78: 475-82.
23. Institute of Medicine. 2001. Neurological, psychiatric, and developmental disorders: meeting the challenge in the developing world. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
24. Jenkins R, Gulbinat W, Manderscheid R et al. 2004. The mental health country profile: background, design and use of a systematic method of appraisal. International Review of Psychiatry 16: 31-47.
25. Kalandadze T, Bregvadze I, Takaishvili R, Archvadze A, Moroshkina N. 1999. Development of state health insurance system in Georgia. Croatian Medical Journal 40: 216-20.
26. Karim S, Saeed K, Rana MH, Mubbashar MH, Jenkins R. 2004. Pakistan mental health country profile. International Review of Psychiatry 16: 83-92.
27. Katz S, Kessler R, Frank R, Leaf P, Lin E. 1997. Mental health care use, morbidity, and socioeconomic status in the United States and Ontario. Inquiry 34: 38-49.
28. Kiima DM, Njenga FG, Okonji MMO, Kigamwa PA. 2004. Kenya mental health country profile. International Review of Psychiatry 16: 48-53.
29. Kilonzo GP, Simmons N. 1998. Development of mental health services in Tanzania: a reappraisal for the future. Social Science and Medicine 47: 419-28.
30. Knapp M, Funk M, Curran C et al. 2006. Economic barriers to better mental health practice and policy. Health Policy and Planning 21.
31. Kutzin J. 1998. The appropriate role for patient cost sharing. In: Saltman RB, Figueras J, Sakellarides C (eds). Critical challenges for health care reform in Europe. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
32. Ma CA, McGuire TG. 1998. Costs and incentives in a behavioral health carve-out. Health Affairs 17: 53-69.
33. Macinko JA, Starfield B. 2002. Annotated bibliography on equity in health, 1980-2001. International Journal for Equity in Health 1.
34. Magliano L, Fadden G, Madianos M et al. 1998. Burden on the families of patients with schizophrenia: results of the Biomed I Study. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 33: 405-12.
35. McDaid D. 2002. Addressing inequalities in mental health across Europe. Eurohealth 8: 29-31.
36. Mossialos E, Thomson S. 2002. Voluntary health insurance in the European Union. Report prepared for the Directorate General for Employment and Social Affairs of the European Commission. Brussels: European Commission.
37. Murray CJL, Lopez AD (eds). 1996. The global burden of disease: a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injuries and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020. Global Burden of Disease and Injury Series. Cambridge, MA: Harvard School of Public Health on behalf of the World Health Organization and the World Bank.
38. Murray J, McDaid D. 2001. Carer burden: the difficulties and rewards of caregiving. In: Warner M, Furnish S, Longley M et al. (eds). Alzheimer's disease policy and practice across Europe. Oxford: Radcliffe Medical Press, pp. 61-87.
39. Musgrove P. 1999. Public spending on health care: how are different criteria related? Health Policy 47: 207-23.
40. Newhouse JP, The Insurance Experiment Group. 1993. Free for all? Lessons from the Rand health insurance experiment. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
41. Normand C, Busse R. 2002. Social health insurance financing. In: Mossialos E, Dixon A, Figueras J et al. (eds). Funding health care: options for Europe. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
42. Nyonator F, Kutzin J. 1999. Health for some? the effects of user fees in the Volta Region of Ghana. Health Policy and Planning 14: 329-41.
43. Oliver A, Mossialos E, Robinson R. 2004. Health technology assessment and its influence on health-care priority setting. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 20: 1-10.
44. Parameshvara Deva M. 2004. Malaysia mental health country profile. International Review of Psychiatry 16: 167-76.
45. Patel V, Araya R, Lewis G, Swartz L. 2001. Socioeconomic factors and mental health. In: World Health Organization. Mental Health: A Call for Action by World Health Ministers. Geneva: World Health Organization.
46. Regmi SK, Pokharel A, Ojha SP, Pradhan SN, Chapagain G. 2004. Nepal mental health country profile. International Review of Psychiatry 16: 142-9.
47. Scheffler RM. 1999. Managed behavioral health care and supply-side economics. 1998 Carl Taube Lecture. Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics 2: 21-8.
48. Shapiro MF, Ware JE, Jr, Sherbourne CD. 1986. Effects of cost sharing on seeking care for serious and minor symptoms: results of a randomized controlled trial. Annals of Internal Medicine 104: 246-51.
49. Sharashidze M, Naneishvili G, Silagadze T et al. 2004. Georgia mental health country profile. International Review of Psychiatry 16: 107-16.
50. Stewart CL. 2004. Chile mental health country profile. International Review of Psychiatry 16: 73-82.
51. Sturm R. 2001. The costs of covering mental health and substance abuse care at the same level as medical care in private insurance plans. Santa Monica, CA: RAND. Available at: [http://www.rand.org/publications/CT/CT180/ CT180.pdf], accessed on 29 April 2002.
52. Tamblyn R, Laprise R, Hanley JA et al. 2001. Adverse events associated with prescription drug cost-sharing among poor and elderly persons. Journal of the American Medical Association 285: 421-9.
53. Taylor P, Gunn J. 1999. Homicides by people with mental illness: myth and reality. British Journal of Psychiatry 174: 9-14.
54. The President's New Freedom Commission on Mental Health. 2003. Achieving the promise: transforming mental health care in America. Final Report. DHHS Pub. No. SMA-03-3832. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services. Available at: [http://www.mentalhealthcommission. gov/reports/FinalReport/toc. html].
55. US Department of Health and Human Services. 1999. Mental health: a report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health.
56. Wagstaff A. 2002. Poverty and health sector inequalities. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 80: 97-105.
57. Walsh E, Buchanan A, Fahy T. 2002. Violence and schizophrenia: examining the evidence. British Journal of Psychiatry 180: 490-5.
58. World Health Organization. 2000. The World Health Report 2000: Health systems: improving performance. Geneva: World Health Organization.
59. World Health Organization. 2001a. Atlas: mental health resources in the world 2001. Geneva: Mental Health Determinants and Populations, Department of Mental Health and Substance Dependence, World Health Organization.
60. World Health Organization. 2001b. World Health Report 2001 - Mental health: new understanding, new hope. Geneva: World Health Organization.
61. Zechmeister I, Osterle A, Denk P, Katschig H. 2002. Incentives in financing mental health care in Austria. Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics 5: 121-9.