The impact of occupational sex segregation on family businesses: The case of American harness racing

Gender, Work and Organization

Volumn 13, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 359-382

  Larsen, Elizabeth A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

Author keywords

Family businesses; Gender; Horse racing; Occupational sex segregation; Work

Indexed keywords

GENDER ISSUE; GENDER ROLE; SEX-RELATED DIFFERENCE; WORKPLACE;

EQUUS CABALLUS; HARNESS;

EID: 33646724257     PISSN: 09686673     EISSN: 14680432     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0432.2006.00312.x     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Akers, D. (1938) Drivers Up: The Story of American Harness Racing. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons.
2. Anker, R. (1997) Theories of occupational segregation by sex: An overview. International Labour Review, 136, 3, 315-39.
3. Babbie, E.R. (2003) Practice of Social Research. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.
4. Bagilhole, B. (1993) How to keep a good woman down: An investigation of the role of institutional factors in the process of discrimination against women academics. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 14, 3, 261-74.
5. Barker, K. (1998) Women physicians and the gendered system of professions: An analysis of the Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921. Work and Occupations, 25, 2, 229-55.
6. Barnett, F. and Barnett, S. (1988) Working Together: Entrepreneurial Couples. Berkeley, CA: Ten Speed Press.
7. Bielby, W.T. and Baron, J.N. (1986) Men and women at work: Sex segregation and statistical discrimination. American Journal of Sociology, 91, 4, 759-99.
8. Bryson, R., Bryson, J., Licht, M. and Licht, B. (1976) The professional pair. American Psychologist, 31, 10-16.
9. Burack, E.H. and Calero, C.M. (1981) Seven perils of family business. Nation's Business, January, 62-4.
10. Charles, M. (2003) Deciphering sex segregation: Vertical and horizontal inequalities in ten national labor markets. Acta Sociologica, 46, 4, 267-87.
11. Charles, M. and Grusky, D.B. (2004) Occupational ghettos: The worldwide segregation of women and men. Chicago, IL: Stanford University Press.
12. Cockburn, C. (1991a) Brothers: Male Dominance and Technological Change. London, Concord, MA: Pluto Press.
13. Cockburn, C. (1991b) In the Way of Women: Men's Resistance to Sex Equality in Organizations. Ithaca, NY: ILR Press.
14. Cox, J., Moore, K. and Van Auken, P. (1984) Working couples in small business. Journal of Small Business Management, 22, October, 24 -30.
15. Danco, K. (1981) From the Other Side of the Bed: A Woman Looks at Life in the Family Business. Cleveland, OH: The Center for Family Business, University Press, Inc.
16. Davis, P. (1983) Realizing the potential of the family business. Organization Dynamics, Summer, 47-56.
17. Dizikes, J. (1981) Sportsmen and Gamesmen: From the Years that Shaped American Ideas about Winning and Losing and How to Play the Game. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company.
18. Donnelley, R. (1964) The family business. Harvard Business Review, 42, 3, 93-105.
19. Dunn, B. (1995) Success themes in Scottish family enterprises: philosophies and practices through the generations. Family Business Review, 8, 1, 17-28.
20. Epstein, C. (1971) Law partners and marital partners: Strains and solutions in the dual-career family enterprise. Human Relations, 24, 6, 549-64.
21. Fernandes, L. (1997) Producing Workers: The Politics of Gender, Class, and Culture in the Calcutta Jute Mills. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
22. Game, A. and Pringle, R. (1983) Gender at Work. London: Pluto Press.
23. Garkovich, L., Bokemeier, J.L. and Foote, B. (1995) Harvest of Hope: Family Farming/Farming Families. Lexington, KY: The University Press of Kentucky.
24. Gilbert, N. (1989) Can a family business survive mergermania and divorce? Management Review, 78, 1, January, 38 -42.
25. Glaser, B.G. and Strauss, A.L. (1967) The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Chicago, IL: Aldine.
26. Hesse-Biber, S. and Carter, G.L. (2000) Working Women in America: Split Dreams. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
27. Horton, T.P. (1986) Managing in a family way. Management Review, February, 3.
28. Jacobs, J.A. (1989) Revolving Doors: Sex Segregation and Women's Careers. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
29. Jacobs, J.A. (1993) Theoretical and measurement issues in the study of sex segregation in the workplace: Research note. European Sociological Review, 9, 3, 325-30.
30. Kanter, R.M. (1977) [1993]; Men and Women of the Corporation. New York: Basic Books.
31. Kanter, R.M. and Stein, B.A. (1980) A Tale of 'O': On Being Different in an Organization. New York: Harper and Row Publishers.
32. Kepner, E. (1983) The family and the firm: A co-evolutionary perspective. Organizational Dynamics, Summer, 57-70.
33. Knoke, D. and Ishio, Y. (1998) The gender gap in company job training. Work and Occupations, 25, 2,141-67.
34. Lansberg, I., Perrow, E., and Rogolsky, S. (1988) Family business as an emerging field. Family Business Review, 1, 1, 1-8.
35. Levinson, H. (1971) Conflicts that plague family businesses. Harvard Business Review, 49, 2, 90-8.
36. Lucas, J.A. and Smith, R.A. (1978) Saga of American Sport. Philadelphia, PA: Lea and Febiger.
37. Manpower Research and Statistics Department (2000) Occupation segregation: A gender perspective. Paper No. 1/00, April, Singapore: Ministry of Manpower.
38. Marini, M.M. and Brinton, M.C. (1984) Sex typing in occupational socialization. In Reskin, B.F. (ed.) Sex Segregation in the Workplace: Trends, Explanations, Remedies, pp. 192-232. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
39. Marshack, K.J. (1993) Coentrepreneurial couples: A literature review on boundaries and transitions among copreneurs. Family Business Review, 6, 4, 355-69.
40. Marshack, K.J. (1994) Copreneurs and dual-career couples: Are they different? Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 19, 1, 49-69.
41. Miller, E.J. and Rice, A.K. (1988) The family business in contemporary society. Family Business Review, 1, 2, 193-210.
42. Muske, G. and Fitzgerald, M.A. (2002) Copreneurs - who continues and why? evidence from the 1997-2000 National Family Business Studies. Consumer Interests Annual, 48, p. 1. Proceedings of the 48th Annual Conference, 3-6 April 2002, Universal City, CA. Available online at http://www.consumerinterests.org/i4a/pages/Index.cfm?pageid=3647. Last consulted 13 March 2006.
43. Muske, G., Fitzgerald, M.A. and Kim, J. (2002) Copreneurs as family businesses: Evaluating the differences by industry type. Proceedings of the 16th Annual US Association for Small Business and Entrepreneurship Conference (CD-ROM). Available online at http://www.usasbe.org/knowledge/ proceedings/2002/11.pdf. Last consulted 13 March 2006.
44. Near, J., Rice, R. and Hunt, R. (1980) The relationship between work and nonwork domains: A review of empirical research. Academy of Management Review, 5, 3, 415-29.
45. Nelton, S. (1986) In Love and in Business: How Entrepreneurial Couples are Changing the Rules of Business and Marriage. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
46. Padavic, I. and Reskin, B.F. (2002) Women and Men at Work. 2nd edn. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press.
47. Patton, M.Q. (1980) Qualitative Evaluation Methods. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
48. Pawlak, J. (ed.) (2000) The Trotting and Pacing Guide: The Official Handbook of Harness Racing. 54th edn. Columbus, OH: United States Trotting Association.
49. Ponthieu, L.D. and Caudill, H.L. (1993) Who's the boss? Responsibility and decision making in copreneurial ventures. Family Business Review, 6, 1, 3-17.
50. Preston, J.A. (1999) Occupational gender segregation: Trends and explanations. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 39, 5, 611-24.
51. Radford, J. (ed.) (1998) Gender and Choice in Education and Occupation. London and New York: Routledge.
52. Rapoport, R. and Rapoport, R. (1965) Work and family in contemporary society. American Sociological Review, 30, 3, 381-94.
53. Reskin, B.F. (2003) 2002 Presidential address: Including mechanisms in our models of ascriptive inequality. American Sociological Review, 68, 1, 1-21.
54. Reskin, B.F. and Hartmann, H.I. (eds) (1986) Women's Work, Men's Work: Sex Segregation on the Job. Washington, DC: Committee on Women's Employment and Related Social Issues, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, National Research Council, National Academy Press.
55. Reskin, B.F. and Roos, P.A. (1990) Job Queues, Gender Queues: Explaining Women's Inroads into Male Occupations. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
56. Ridgeway, C.L. (ed.) (1992) Gender, Interaction, and Inequality. New York: Springer-Verlag.
57. Risman, B.J. (1998) Gender Vertigo: American Families in Transition. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press.
58. Roos, P.A. and Reskin, B.F. (1984) Institutional factors contributing to sex segregation in the workplace. In Reskin, B.F. (ed.) Sex Segregation in the Workplace: Trends, Explanations, Remedies, pp. 235 -54. Washington, DC: Committee on Women's Employment and Related Social Issues, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, National Research Council, National Academy Press.
59. Thompson, K.D. (1990) Married with business. Black Enterprise, 20, 9, 46-52.
60. Tilly, C. (1998) Durable Inequality. Berkeley, CA, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press.
61. Wicker, A. and Burley, K. (1991) Close coupling in work-amily relationships: Making and implementing decisions in a new family business and at home. Human Relations, 44, 1, 77 -92.
62. Women's Research and Education Institute of the Congressional Caucus for Women's Issues (WREI). (1984) Gender at Work: Perspectives on Occupational Segregation and Comparable Worth. Washington, DC: WREI.