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Volumn 128, Issue 18, 2006, Pages 6060-6069

Origin of the relative stereoselectivity of the β-lactam formation in the Staudinger reaction

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTRONS; ISOMERIZATION; REACTION KINETICS; STEREOCHEMISTRY; SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

EID: 33646544385     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ja056711k     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (262)

References (57)
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    • (c) Singh, G. S. Tetrahedron 2003, 59, 7631-7649.
    • (2003) Tetrahedron , vol.59 , pp. 7631-7649
    • Singh, G.S.1
  • 4
    • 0004030277 scopus 로고
    • Morin, R. B.; Gorman, M., Eds.; Academic Press
    • (a) Chemistry and Biology of β-lactam Antibiotics; Morin, R. B.; Gorman, M., Eds.; Academic Press: 1982; Vois. 1-3.
    • (1982) Chemistry and Biology of β-Lactam Antibiotics , vol.1-3
  • 7
    • 0004015248 scopus 로고
    • Georg, G. I., Ed.; Verlag Chemie: New York
    • For a review, see: The Organic Chemistry of β-Lactams; Georg, G. I., Ed.; Verlag Chemie: New York, 1993.
    • (1993) The Organic Chemistry of β-Lactams
  • 22
    • 0002674759 scopus 로고
    • Georg, G. I., Ed.; Verlag Chemie: New York, and references therein
    • Georg, G. I.; Ravikumar, V. T. In The Organic Chemistry of β-Lactams; Georg, G. I., Ed.; Verlag Chemie: New York, 1993; pp 295-368 and references therein.
    • (1993) The Organic Chemistry of β-Lactams , pp. 295-368
    • Georg, G.I.1    Ravikumar, V.T.2
  • 34
    • 0000026010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For photoirradiation-induced Staudinger reaction, see: (a) Podlech, J.; Linder, M. R. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 5873-5883.
    • (1997) J. Org. Chem. , vol.62 , pp. 5873-5883
    • Podlech, J.1    Linder, M.R.2
  • 37
    • 0035859335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For microwave-assisted Staudinger reaction, see: Linder, M. R.; Podlech, J. Org. Lett. 2001, 3, 1849-1851.
    • (2001) Org. Lett. , vol.3 , pp. 1849-1851
    • Linder, M.R.1    Podlech, J.2
  • 39
    • 33646547723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 1H NMR spectra of crude reaction mixtures.
  • 40
    • 4243664295 scopus 로고
    • The Hammett constants (σ) cited are all taken from: Hansch, C.; Leo, A.; Taft, R. W. Chem. Rev. 1991, 91, 165-195.
    • (1991) Chem. Rev. , vol.91 , pp. 165-195
    • Hansch, C.1    Leo, A.2    Taft, R.W.3
  • 41
    • 33646549057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Another experiment involving the N-acetyl iminium was also conducted, which indicated that the isomerizations of the imine itself and N-acetyl iminium hardly occur under normal conditions. See Supporting Information for detailed discussion.
  • 42
  • 43
    • 33646566924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The reactions of 10 with imines at 80 °C in toluene cannot proceed because compounds 10 cannot undergo the Wolff rearrangement at such a temperature.
  • 44
    • 33646573137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The experimental results at 130 °C were given in the Supporting Information.
  • 45
    • 2142746284 scopus 로고
    • The detailed calculations were given in the Supporting Information. For reference, see: Eyring, H. J. Chem. Phys. 1935, 3, 107-115.
    • (1935) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.3 , pp. 107-115
    • Eyring, H.1
  • 51
    • 33646573431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • In our opinion, the isomerization occurs during the direct ring closure step. See Supporting Information for detailed discussion.
  • 52
    • 33646540837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The exclusive exo-attack to form the zwitterionic intermediate C does not affect the cis/trans ratio of the products. If the exclusive exo-attack is the rate-determining step in the two-step Staudinger reaction, it will determine the rate of the product generation but not the cis/trans ratio.
  • 53
    • 33646542461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • If the C to D isomerization is considered reversible, the precise derivation of the relationship between cis/trans ratio and the rate constants cannot be approached. Otherwise, no one has proved the applicability of the Curtin-Hammett rule in such a multistep and complex system as the Staudinger reaction.
  • 54
    • 33646588787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The detailed kinetic treatment is shown in the Supporting Information.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.