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33646547723
-
-
note
-
1H NMR spectra of crude reaction mixtures.
-
-
-
-
40
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-
4243664295
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The Hammett constants (σ) cited are all taken from: Hansch, C.; Leo, A.; Taft, R. W. Chem. Rev. 1991, 91, 165-195.
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33646549057
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-
note
-
Another experiment involving the N-acetyl iminium was also conducted, which indicated that the isomerizations of the imine itself and N-acetyl iminium hardly occur under normal conditions. See Supporting Information for detailed discussion.
-
-
-
-
42
-
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37049137779
-
-
It was reported that imines such as C-9-anthryl imines and C-2,6-disubstitutedphenyl imines partially exist in Z configuration; however, they are seldom used in the Staudinger reaction. See: Bjorgo, J.; Boyd, D. R.; Watson, C. G.; Jennings, W. B.; Jerina, D. M. J. Chem. Soc, Perkin Trans. 2 1974, 1081-1084.
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Jerina, D.M.5
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43
-
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33646566924
-
-
note
-
The reactions of 10 with imines at 80 °C in toluene cannot proceed because compounds 10 cannot undergo the Wolff rearrangement at such a temperature.
-
-
-
-
44
-
-
33646573137
-
-
note
-
The experimental results at 130 °C were given in the Supporting Information.
-
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45
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2142746284
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The detailed calculations were given in the Supporting Information. For reference, see: Eyring, H. J. Chem. Phys. 1935, 3, 107-115.
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33646573431
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note
-
In our opinion, the isomerization occurs during the direct ring closure step. See Supporting Information for detailed discussion.
-
-
-
-
52
-
-
33646540837
-
-
note
-
The exclusive exo-attack to form the zwitterionic intermediate C does not affect the cis/trans ratio of the products. If the exclusive exo-attack is the rate-determining step in the two-step Staudinger reaction, it will determine the rate of the product generation but not the cis/trans ratio.
-
-
-
-
53
-
-
33646542461
-
-
note
-
If the C to D isomerization is considered reversible, the precise derivation of the relationship between cis/trans ratio and the rate constants cannot be approached. Otherwise, no one has proved the applicability of the Curtin-Hammett rule in such a multistep and complex system as the Staudinger reaction.
-
-
-
-
54
-
-
33646588787
-
-
note
-
The detailed kinetic treatment is shown in the Supporting Information.
-
-
-
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56
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0002813624
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Bose, A. K.; Chiang, Y. H.; Manhas, M. S. Tetrahedron Lett. 1972, 13, 4091-4094.
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57
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30844447687
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For more examples and discussion, see: Jiao, L.; Zhang, Q. F.; Liang, Y.; Zhang, S. W.; Xu, J. X. J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 815-818.
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Xu, J.X.5
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