Pharmacokinetic Changes in Critical Illness

Critical Care Clinics

Volumn 22, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 255-271

  Boucher, Bradley A ^a   Wood, G Christopher ^a   Swanson, Joseph M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BETA LACTAM ANTIBIOTIC; CIPROFLOXACIN; DIAZEPAM; DOPAMINE; ENOXAPARIN; FLUCONAZOLE; GENTAMICIN; HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; INOTROPIC AGENT; ITRACONAZOLE; LIDOCAINE; LORAZEPAM; MIDAZOLAM; MINOCYCLINE; NARCOTIC ANALGESIC AGENT; PENTOBARBITAL; PHENAZONE; PHENYTOIN; PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR; TETRACYCLINE; UNINDEXED DRUG; VANCOMYCIN; VASOACTIVE AGENT; WARFARIN;

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; AREA UNDER THE CURVE; ATROPHY; CLINICAL TRIAL; CRITICAL ILLNESS; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG DISTRIBUTION; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG EXCRETION; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG MONITORING; DRUG PROTEIN BINDING; DRUG TOLERABILITY; ENTEROPATHY; FLUID SHIFT; GASTROINTESTINAL MOTILITY DISORDER; HUMAN; INJURY; LIVER BLOOD FLOW; NONHUMAN; PERFUSION; PH MEASUREMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SHOCK; SURGICAL PATIENT;

BIOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY; CRITICAL ILLNESS; DRUG INTERACTIONS; DRUG MONITORING; HUMANS; INTESTINAL ABSORPTION; KIDNEY; LIVER; METABOLIC CLEARANCE RATE; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS; PHARMACOKINETICS; PROTEIN BINDING; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION;

EID: 33646494494     PISSN: 07490704     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccc.2006.02.011     Document Type: Review

References (75)

1. Power B.M., Forbes A.M., van Heerden P.V., et al. Pharmacokinetics of drugs used in critically ill adults. Clin Pharmacokinet 34 1 (1998) 25-56
2. Priglinger U., Delle Karth G., Geppert A., et al. Prophylactic anticoagulation with enoxaparin: is the subcutaneous route appropriate in the critically ill?. Crit Care Med 31 5 (2003) 1405-1409
3. Beale R.J., Hollenberg S.M., Vincent J.L., et al. Vasopressor and inotropic support in septic shock: an evidence-based review. Crit Care Med 32 11 Suppl (2004) S455-S465
4. Singh G., Chaudry K.I., Chudler L.C., et al. Sepsis produces early depression of gut absorptive capacity: restoration with diltiazem treatment. Am J Physiol 263 1 Pt 2 (1992) R19-R23
5. Johnston J.D., Harvey C.J., Menzies I.S., et al. Gastrointestinal permeability and absorptive capacity in sepsis. Crit Care Med 24 7 (1996) 1144-1149
6. Ecknauer R., Sircar B., and Johnson L.R. Effect of dietary bulk on small intestinal morphology and cell renewal in the rat. Gastroenterology 81 4 (1981) 781-786
7. Levine G.M., Deren J.J., and Yezdimir E. Small-bowel resection. Oral intake is the stimulus for hyperplasia. Am J Dig Dis 21 7 (1976) 542-546
8. Levine G.M., Deren J.J., Steiger E., et al. Role of oral intake in maintenance of gut mass and disaccharide activity. Gastroenterology 67 5 (1974) 975-982
9. Hughes C.A., and Dowling R.H. Speed of onset of adaptive mucosal hypoplasia and hypofunction in the intestine of parenterally fed rats. Clin Sci (Lond) 59 5 (1980) 317-327
10. Hernandez G., Velasco N., Wainstein C., et al. Gut mucosal atrophy after a short enteral fasting period in critically ill patients. J Crit Care 14 2 (1999) 73-77
11. Clarke R.M. The time-course of changes in mucosal architecture and epithelial cell production and cell shedding in the small intestine of the rat fed after fasting. J Anat 120 Pt 2 (1975) 321-327
12. Hassoun H.T., Kone B.C., Mercer D.W., et al. Post-injury multiple organ failure: the role of the gut. Shock 15 1 (2001) 1-10
13. Jacobi J., Fraser G.L., Coursin D.B., et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the sustained use of sedatives and analgesics in the critically ill adult. Crit Care Med 30 1 (2002) 119-141
14. Heyland D.K., Tougas G., King D., et al. Impaired gastric emptying in mechanically ventilated, critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 22 12 (1996) 1339-1344
15. MacLaren R., Kuhl D.A., Gervasio J.M., et al. Sequential single doses of cisapride, erythromycin, and metoclopramide in critically ill patients intolerant to enteral nutrition: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Crit Care Med 28 2 (2000) 438-444
16. Heyland D.K., Tougas G., Cook D.J., et al. Cisapride improves gastric emptying in mechanically ventilated, critically ill patients. A randomized, double-blind trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 154 6 Pt 1 (1996) 1678-1683
17. Lim S.G., Sawyerr A.M., Hudson M., et al. Short report: the absorption of fluconazole and itraconazole under conditions of low intragastric acidity. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 7 3 (1993) 317-321
18. Tribl B., Sibbald W.J., Vogelsang H., et al. Exocrine pancreatic dysfunction in sepsis. Eur J Clin Invest 33 3 (2003) 239-243
19. Tribl B., Madl C., Mazal P.R., et al. Exocrine pancreatic function in critically ill patients: septic shock versus non-septic patients. Crit Care Med 28 5 (2000) 1393-1398
20. Howard P.A., and Hannaman K.N. Warfarin resistance linked to enteral nutrition products. J Am Diet Assoc 85 6 (1985) 713-715
21. Penrod L.E., Allen J.B., and Cabacungan L.R. Warfarin resistance and enteral feedings: 2 case reports and a supporting in vitro study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 82 9 (2001) 1270-1273
22. Petretich D.A. Reversal of osmolite-warfarin interaction by changing warfarin administration time (letter). Clin Pharm 9 2 (1990) 93
23. Kuhn T.A., Garnett W.R., Wells B.K., et al. Recovery of warfarin from an enteral nutrient formula. Am J Hosp Pharm 46 7 (1989) 1395-1399
24. Maynard G.A., Jones K.M., and Guidry J.R. Phenytoin absorption from tube feedings. Arch Intern Med 147 10 (1987) 1821
25. Sneed R.C., and Morgan W.T. Interference of oral phenytoin absorption by enteral tube feedings. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 69 9 (1988) 682-684
26. Leyden J.J. Absorption of minocycline hydrochloride and tetracycline hydrochloride. Effect of food, milk, and iron. J Am Acad Dermatol 12 2 Pt 1 (1985) 308-312
27. de Marie S., VandenBergh M.F., Buijk S.L., et al. Bioavailability of ciprofloxacin after multiple enteral and intravenous doses in ICU patients with severe gram-negative intra-abdominal infections. Intensive Care Med 24 4 (1998) 343-346
28. Mimoz O., Binter V., Jacolot A., et al. Pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability of ciprofloxacin administered through a nasogastric tube with continuous enteral feeding to critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 24 10 (1998) 1047-1051
29. Rosemurgy A.S., Markowsky S., Goode S.E., et al. Bioavailability of fluconazole in surgical intensive care unit patients: a study comparing routes of administration. J Trauma 39 3 (1995) 445-447
30. Nicolau D.P., Crowe H., Nightingale C.H., et al. Bioavailability of fluconazole administered via a feeding tube in intensive care unit patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 36 2 (1995) 395-401
31. Suzuki A., Ishihara H., Hashiba E., et al. Detection of histamine-induced capillary protein leakage and hypovolaemia by determination of indocyanine green and glucose dilution method in dogs. Intensive Care Med 25 3 (1999) 304-310
32. Balogh Z., McKinley B.A., Cocanour C.S., et al. Supranormal trauma resuscitation causes more cases of abdominal compartment syndrome. Arch Surg 138 6 (2003) 637-642 [discussion: 642-3]
33. Hanes S.D., Wood G.C., Herring V., et al. Intermittent and continuous ceftazidime infusion for critically ill trauma patients. Am J Surg 179 6 (2000) 436-440
34. Dasta J.F., and Armstrong D.K. Variability in aminoglycoside pharmacokinetics in critically ill surgical patients. Crit Care Med 16 4 (1988) 327-330
35. Ronchera-Oms C.L., Tormo C., Ordovas J.P., et al. Expanded gentamicin volume of distribution in critically ill adult patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. J Clin Pharm Ther 20 5 (1995) 253-258
36. Etzel J.V., Nafziger A.N., and Bertino Jr. J.S. Variation in the pharmacokinetics of gentamicin and tobramycin in patients with pleural effusions and hypoalbuminemia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 36 3 (1992) 679-681
37. Gous A.G., Dance M.D., Lipman J., et al. Changes in vancomycin pharmacokinetics in critically ill infants. Anaesth Intensive Care 23 6 (1995) 678-682
38. Zaske D.E., Cipolle R.J., and Strate R.J. Gentamicin dosage requirements: wide interpatient variations in 242 surgery patients with normal renal function. Surgery 87 2 (1980) 164-169
39. Beckhouse M.J., Whyte I.M., Byth P.L., et al. Altered aminoglycoside pharmacokinetics in the critically ill. Anaesth Intensive Care 16 4 (1988) 418-422
40. Wilkinson G.R., and Shand D.G. Commentary: a physiological approach to hepatic drug clearance. Clin Pharmacol Ther 18 4 (1975) 377-390
41. McKindley D.S., Hanes S.D., and Boucher B.A. Hepatic drug metabolism in critical illness. Pharmacotherapy 18 4 (1998) 759-778
42. Perkins M.W., Dasta J.F., and DeHaven B. Physiologic implications of mechanical ventilation on pharmacokinetics. DICP 23 4 (1989) 316-323
43. Meier-Hellmann A., Reinhart K., Bredle D.L., et al. Epinephrine impairs splanchnic perfusion in septic shock. Crit Care Med 25 3 (1997) 399-404
44. Obritsch M.D., Bestul D.J., Jung R., et al. The role of vasopressin in vasodilatory septic shock. Pharmacotherapy 24 8 (2004) 1050-1063
45. Mann H.J., Townsend R.J., Fuhs D.W., et al. Decreased hepatic clearance of clindamycin in critically ill patients with sepsis. Clin Pharm 6 2 (1987) 154-159
46. Macnab M.S., Macrae D.J., Guy E., et al. Profound reduction in morphine clearance and liver blood flow in shock. Intensive Care Med 12 5 (1986) 366-369
47. Boucher B.A., and Hanes S.D. Pharmacokinetic alterations after severe head injury. Clinical relevance. Clin Pharmacokinet 35 3 (1998) 209-221
48. Heinemeyer G., Roots I., and Dennhardt R. Monitoring of pentobarbital plasma levels in critical care patients suffering from increased intracranial pressure. Ther Drug Monit 8 2 (1986) 145-150
49. Boucher B.A., Rodman J.H., Jaresko G.S., et al. Phenytoin pharmacokinetics in critically ill trauma patients. Clin Pharmacol Ther 44 6 (1988) 675-683
50. McKindley D.S., Boucher B.A., Hess M.M., et al. Effect of acute phase response on phenytoin metabolism in neurotrauma patients. J Clin Pharmacol 37 2 (1997) 129-139
51. Boucher B.A., Kuhl D.A., Fabian T.C., et al. Effect of neurotrauma on hepatic drug clearance. Clin Pharmacol Ther 50 5 Pt 1 (1991) 487-497
52. Martyn J., and Greenblatt D.J. Lorazepam conjugation is unimpaired in burn trauma. Clin Pharmacol Ther 43 3 (1988) 250-255
53. Walter-Sack I., and Klotz U. Influence of diet and nutritional status on drug metabolism. Clin Pharmacokinet 31 1 (1996) 47-64
54. Fagan T.C., and Oexmann M.J. Effects of high protein, high carbohydrate, and high fat diets on laboratory parameters. J Am Coll Nutr 6 4 (1987) 333-343
55. Martyn J.A., Abernethy D.R., and Greenblatt D.J. Plasma protein binding of drugs after severe burn injury. Clin Pharmacol Ther 35 4 (1984) 535-539
56. Edwards D.J., Lalka D., Cerra F., et al. Alpha1-acid glycoprotein concentration and protein binding in trauma. Clin Pharmacol Ther 31 1 (1982) 62-67
57. Benet L.Z., and Hoener B.A. Changes in plasma protein binding have little clinical relevance. Clin Pharmacol Ther 71 3 (2002) 115-121
58. Joy M.S., Matzke G.R., Armstrong D.K., et al. A primer on continuous renal replacement therapy for critically ill patients. Ann Pharmacother 32 3 (1998) 362-375
59. Boucher B.A., Kuhl D.A., and Hickerson W.L. Pharmacokinetics of systemically administered antibiotics in patients with thermal injury. Clin Infect Dis 14 2 (1992) 458-463
60. Rybak M.J., Albrecht L.M., Berman J.R., et al. Vancomycin pharmacokinetics in burn patients and intravenous drug abusers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 34 5 (1990) 792-795
61. Garrelts J.C., Jost G., Kowalsky S.F., et al. Ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetics in burn patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 40 5 (1996) 1153-1156
62. Boucher B.A., King S.R., Wandschneider H.L., et al. Fluconazole pharmacokinetics in burn patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42 4 (1998) 930-933
63. Dailly E., Kergueris M.F., Pannier M., et al. Population pharmacokinetics of imipenem in burn patients. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 17 6 (2003) 645-650
64. Ziemniak J.A., Watson W.A., Saffle J.R., et al. Cimetidine kinetics during resuscitation from burn shock. Clin Pharmacol Ther 36 2 (1984) 228-233
65. Martyn J.A., Bishop A.L., and Oliveri M.F. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ranitidine after burn injury. Clin Pharmacol Ther 51 4 (1992) 408-414
66. Perreault S., Choiniere M., du Souich P.B., et al. Pharmacokinetics of morphine and its glucuronidated metabolites in burn injuries. Ann Pharmacother 35 12 (2001) 1588-1592
67. Rebuck J.A., Fish D.N., and Abraham E. Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral levofloxacin in critically ill adults in a medical intensive care unit. Pharmacotherapy 22 10 (2002) 1216-1225
68. Hassan E., and Ober J.D. Predicted and measured aminoglycoside pharmacokinetic parameters in critically ill patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 31 11 (1987) 1855-1858
69. Garaud J.J., Regnier B., Inglebert F., et al. Vancomycin pharmacokinetics in critically ill patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 14 Suppl D (1984) 53-57
70. Forrest A., Nix D.E., Ballow C.H., et al. Pharmacodynamics of intravenous ciprofloxacin in seriously ill patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 37 5 (1993) 1073-1081
71. Tegeder I., Bremer F., Oelkers R., et al. Pharmacokinetics of imipenem-cilastatin in critically ill patients undergoing continuous venovenous hemofiltration. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 41 12 (1997) 2640-2645
72. Lipman J., Wallis S.C., and Rickard C. Low plasma cefepime levels in critically ill septic patients: pharmacokinetic modeling indicates improved troughs with revised dosing. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 43 10 (1999) 2559-2561
73. McKindley D.S., Boucher B.A., Hess M.M., et al. Pharmacokinetics of aztreonam and imipenem in critically ill patients with pneumonia. Pharmacotherapy 16 5 (1996) 924-931
74. Hess M.M., Boucher B.A., Laizure S.C., et al. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole pharmacokinetics in trauma patients. Pharmacotherapy 13 6 (1993) 602-606
75. Barletta J.F., Johnson S.B., Nix D.E., et al. Population pharmacokinetics of aminoglycosides in critically ill trauma patients on once-daily regimens. J Trauma 49 5 (2000) 869-872