Travel to work, travel to play: On russian tourism, travel, and leisure

Slavic Review

Volumn 62, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 657-665

  Koenker, Diane P ^a  

^a NONE

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 33646440281     PISSN: 00376779     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/3185649     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Dean MacCannell, The Tourist: A New Theory of the Leisure Class (1976; reprint, Berkeley, 1999), 1, 3.
2. Daniel Boorstin, "From Traveler to Tourist: The Lost Art of Travel," The Image: A Guide to Pseudo-Events in America (New York, 1964), 85.
3. This distinction is key to James Buzard's study, The Beaten Track: European Tourism, Literature, and the Ways to Culture, 1800-1918 (Oxford, 1992).
4. James Clifford, Routes: Travel and Translation in the Late Twentieth Century (Cambridge, Mass., 1997), 65.
5. MacCannell, The Tourist, 8.
6. Jean-Didier Urbain, l''idiot du voyage: Histoires des touristes (Paris, 1991), 25-26.
7. This was elaborated in the publications of the association, which may be consulted in Gosudarstvcnnyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi federatsii (GARF), f. 9520 (Central Soviet for Tourism and Excursions), op. 1, d. 1 (Statutes, letters, and correspondence of the Society for Proletarian Tourism, 1930), e.g., 1. 84.
8. Louise McReynolds, Russia al Play: Leisure Activities at the End of the Tsarist Era (Ithaca, 2003), 167;
9. G. P. Dolzhenko, Isloriia turizma v dorevoliutsionnoi Rossii SSSR (Rostov-on-Don, 1988), 41-45.
10. Na sushe i na more, no.13 (July 1935): 6. To earn the badge, the tourist also had to exhibit knowledge of the rules of the road and the principles of rest and nutrition. Although announced in 1935, the tourist badge was in fact implemented only in 1939.
11. On the late imperial resort, see McReynolds, Russia at Play, 171-82. Kurorty S.S.S.R. Spravochnik (Moscow, 1923) discusses river cruising as "climate therapy" (18);
12. see also touring opportunities enumerated in A. I. Burov, ed., Spravochnik-putevoditeľpo pansion-atom i kurorttorgov (Moscow, 1955)
13. and I.I. Kozlov, ed., Zdravnitsy profsoiuzov SSSR: Kurorty, sanatorii, pansionaty i doma otdykha profsoiuzov, 3d ed. (Moscow, 1967).
14. McReynolds, Russia at Play.
15. For more on the Russian dacha, see Stephen Lovell, Summerrfolk: A History of the Dacha, 1710 - 2000 (Ithaca, 2003).
16. McReynolds, Russia at Play, 154-192
17. Buzard, The Beaten Track, 6.
18. O. Arkhangel'skaia, Kak organizovať turistskoe puteshestυie (Moscow, 1947), 13-17.
19. V. V. Dobkovich, Turizm v SSSR (Leningrad, 1954), 3-4.
20. A. P. Subbotin, Volga i Volgari (St. Petersburg, 1894), 4.
21. Na sushe i na more, no.1 (January 1929): 2.
22. GARF, f. 9520, op. 1, d. 23, II. 1, 5, 27-34, 35 (information on Moscow tours and a lecture for excursion guides).
23. See, for example, the periodicals Na sushe i na more (1929-1941)
24. Turist-aktivist (1929-1933)
25. Vsemirnyi turist (1928-1930)
26. and such guidebooks as Ol'ga Alekseevna Arkhangel'skaia and Nina Andreevna Tiriutina, Puteshestυiia po SSSR: Turistskie marshruty (Moscow-Leningrad, 1938)
27. and Turistskie marshruty po SSSR (Moscow, 1956).
28. See the discussion of Russian travel writers in Andreas Schonle, Authenticity and Fiction in the Russian Literary Journey, 1790 - 1840 (Cambridge, Mass., 2000)
29. and in McReynolds, Russia at Play. Na sushe i na more also featured the exploits of Russian travelers in its pages in the 1930s.
30. See Buzard, The Beaten Track;
31. Schonle, Authenticity and Fiction;
32. McReynolds, Russia at Play;
33. and Sara Dickinson, "The Russian Tour of Europe before Fonvizin: Travel Writing as Literary Endeavor in Eighteenth-Century Russia," Slavic and East European Journals, no.1 (Spring 2001): 1-29.
34. N. A. Kost and I. D. Iakhnin, eds., Kuban', chernomor'e, abkhaziia: Spravochnik po kurortam (Moscow, 1924), 182.
35. L. B. Korets, ed., Kurorty Abkhazii: Putevoditel's prilozheniem kratkogo ocherka osenne-zimnikh kurortoυ S.S.S.R. (Sukhum-Gagry) (Moscow, 1925), 48-50, 111, 123.
36. Turist-aktivist, no.1 (1931), 32-33;
37. NA sushe i na more, nos. 1, 2, 3 (January 1931
38. Turist-aktivist, nos. 10-11 (October-November 1931)
39. M. Lias and Z. Kel's, comps., Korabl udarnikov (Moscow-Leningrad, 1931).
40. Clifford, Routes, 90-91.
41. On Na sushe i na more, see I.I. Sandomirskaia, "Novaia zhizn' na marshe: Stalinskii turizm kak 'praktika puti,'"Obshchestvennye nauki i sovremennost', no.4 (1996): 163-172
42. and Evgenii Dobrenko, "Iskusstvo sotsial'noi navigatsii (Ocherki kul'turnoi topografii stalin-skoi epokhi)," Wiener Slawistischer Almanack 45 (2000): 93-134;
43. John Urry, Consuming Places (London, 1995), 167. I am grateful to Thomas Lahusen for the Dobrenko reference.
44. Important Soviet and Russian exceptions are V. V. Dvornichenko, Razvitie turizma v SSSR (1917-1983 gg.) (Moscow, 1985)
45. Dolzhenko, Istoriia turizma v dorevoliutsionnoi Rossii i SSSR
46. and L. M. Loginov and Iu. V. Rukhlov, Istoriia razυitiia turistsko-ekskursionnogo dela (Moscow, 1989). Soviet histories of tourism have sometimes been commissioned to aid in the training of specialists in the tourist industry. Among other academies for the tourism industry, the history faculty at Moscow State University now offers a special cycle of courses in historical and cultural tourism designed to train tourism industry professionals. See http://www.hist.msu.ru/Program/tourism.htm (last consulted 28 August 2003). On leisure and everyday life
47. see N. B. Lebina, Povsednevnaia zhizn' Sovetskogo goroda: Normy i ano-malii: 1920-1930 gody (St. Petersburg, 1999).
48. Anna Rotkirch, "Traveling Maidens and Men with Parallel Lives-Journeys as Private Space during Late Socialism," in Jeremy Smith, ed., Beyond the Limits: The Concept of Space in Russian History and Culture (Helsinki, 1999), 136-139
49. See also the recollections of Mary M. Leder on the sexual culture of 1930s Crimean resorts, My Life in Stalinist Russia: An American Woman Looks Back (Bloomington,2001), 132-133
50. Erve Chambers, Native Tours: The Anthropology of Travel and Tourism (Prospect Heights, I11., 2000), 10.
51. "Observing and Making Meaning: Understanding the Soviet Union and Central Europe through Travel," University of Toronto, 18-20 October 2002. The workshop, a discussion of work in progress, also included a paper whose revised version was presented at the 2002 meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies in Pittsburgh, Diane P. Koenker, "The Proletarian Tourist in the 1930s: Between Mass Excursion and Mass Escape."
52. ABSEES is available through library subscription at http://www.library. uiuc.edu/absees/ (last consulted 28 August 2003).
53. A special issue of Annals of Tourism Research, no.17 (1990) focused on eastern Europe.
54. Another early post-1989 contribution to the field was Derek R. Hall, ed., Tourism and Economic Development in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union (New York, 1991).
55. See Alex Drace-Francis, "Travelling East, Travelling West: Paradoxes of Occidentalism in Ceauşescu's Romania," in Andrew Hammond, ed., The Balkans and the West (Aldershot, Eng., 2003); the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University College London, embarked in 2002 on a collaborative research project, "East Looks West: East European Travel Writing on European Identities and Divisions, 1600-2000," coordinated by Wendy Bracewell, David Chirico, Alex Drace-Francis, and Karin Friedrich.
56. Among important recent historical studies, see Shelley Baranowski and Ellen Furlough, eds., Being Elsewhere: Tourism, Consumer Culture, and Identity in Modern Europe and North America (Ann Arbor, 2001);
57. Rudy Koshar, German Travel Cultures (Oxford, 2000);
58. and Ellen Furlough, "Making Mass Vacations: Tourism and Consumer Culture in France, 1930s to 1970s," Comparative Studies in Society and History 40 (1998): 247-286