The geopolitics of knowledge and the colonial difference

South Atlantic Quarterly

Volumn 101, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 56-96

  Mignolo, Walter D ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33646389439     PISSN: 00382876     EISSN: 15278026     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1215/00382876-101-1-57     Document Type: Article

References (105)

1. Enrique Dussel, Posmodernidad y transmodernidad: Diálogos con la filosofía de Gianni Vattimo (Mexico City: Universidad Iberoamericana Plantel Golfo Centro, 1999), 39
2. Enrique Dussel, Historia de la Filosofía Latinoamericana y Filosofía de la Liberación (Bogotá: Nueva América, 1994)
3. Immanuel Wallerstein, "World-Systems Analysis," in Social Theory Today, ed. A. Giddens and J. H. Turner (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1987), 309-24
4. Enrique Dussel, The Underside of Modernity: Apel, Ricoeur, Rorty, Taylor, and the Philosophy of Liberation (Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press, 1996)
5. Dussel, Posmodernidad y transmodernidad
6. Karl-Otto Apel, "'Discourse Ethics' before the Challenge of 'Liberation Philosophy,'" Philosophy and Social Criticism 22.2 (1996): 1-25
7. Immanuel Wallerstein et al., Open the Social Sciences: Report of the Gulbenkian Commission on the Restructuring of the Social Sciences (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1996)
8. Wallerstein, The End of the World As We Know It: Social Science for the Twenty-First Century (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1999), 137-56, 220-52
9. Immanuel Wallerstein, Historical Capitalism and Capitalist Civilization (London: Verso, 1983)
10. Enrique Dussel, "Eurocentrism and Modernity (Introduction to the Frankfurt Lectures)," in The Postmodernism Debate in Latin America, ed. J. Beverley, J. Oviedo, and M. Aronna (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1995), 65-76
11. Dussel, "Beyond Eurocentrism: The World-System and the Limits of Modernity," in The Cultures of Globalization, ed. F. Jameson and M. Miyoshi (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1998), 3-31
12. Immanuel Wallerstein, "Eurocentrism and Its Avatars: The Dilemmas of Social Science," New Left Review, no. 226 (1997): 93-159
13. Anibal Quijano, "Colonialidad del poder, cultura y conocimiento en América Latina," Anuario Mariateguiano 9 (1997): 113-22
14. Anibal Quijano, "Coloniality of Power, Eurocentrism, and Latin America" Nepantla: Views from South 1 (2000): 533-80
15. Slavoj Žižek, "A Leftist Plea for 'Eurocentrism, '" Critical Inquiry 24 (1998): 988-1007
16. Wallerstein, "World-Systems Analysis"
17. Wallerstein, "Eurocentrism and Its Avatars."
18. Fernand Braudel, The Perspective of the World, vol. 3 of Civilization and Capitalism, Fifteenth-Eighteenth Century, trans. Sian Reynolds (1979; reprint, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992)
19. Wallerstein, Historical Capitalism and Capitalist Civilization
20. Giovanni Arrighi, The Long Twentieth Century (London: Verso, 1994)
21. Francis Bacon, Novum organum (1620), vol. 4 of Complete Works, ed. I. Spedding, R. Ellis, and D. D. Heath (London: Lawrence Chapman, 1875), 292-93
22. Orlando Fals-Borda, Ciencia propia y colonialismo intelectual: Los nuevos rumbos (Bogotá: C. Valencia Editores, 1971)
23. Immanuel Wallerstein, "The Unintended Consequences of Cold War Area Studies," in The Cold War and the University: Toward an Intellectual History of the Postwar Years, ed. D. Montgomery (New York: New Press, 1997), 195-232
24. Richard D. Lambert, "Blurring Disciplinary Boundaries: Area Studies in the United States," American Behavioral Scientist 33.6 (1990): 712-32
25. Vicente Rafael, "The Cultures of Area Studies in the United States," Social Text 12.4 (1994): 91-111
26. Steven Seidman and David G. Wagner, eds., Postmodernism and Social Theory (New York: Blackwell, 1992)
27. Fernand Braudel, The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II, trans. Sian Reynolds, 2 vols. (1949; reprint, Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1995)
28. Immanuel Wallerstein, The Modern World-System I: Capitalist Agriculture and the Origins of the European World-Economy in the Sixteenth Century (New York: Academic Press, 1974)
29. Braudel, Perspective of the World
30. Arrighi, Long Twentieth Century
31. Anibal Quijano and Immanuel Wallerstein, "Americanity As a Concept; or, The Americas in the Modern World-System," ISSA: International Social Sciences Association 134 (1992): 549
32. Walter D. Mignolo, Local Histories/Global Designs: Coloniality, Subaltern Knowledges, and Border Thinking (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000)
33. Boaventura de Sousa Santos, De la mano de Alicia: Lo Social y lo Político en la Postmodernidad. Traducción del portugués al castellano de Consuelo Bernal y Mauricio G. Villegas (Bogotá: Ediciones Uniandes, 1998), 161-92, 369-454
34. Franco Cassano, Il pensiero meridiano (Bari: Sagittari Laterza, 1995). The Black Legend refers to the denigrating stories told in France and England, particularly in the eighteenth century, against the colonial violence practiced by Spaniards in the colonization of the Indias Occidentales (today's Latin America). Curiously enough, British and French intellectuals grounded their arguments against the Spaniards in Bartolomé de Las Casa's relentless internal critique of Spanish colonialism. The Black Legend, in other words, was the northern imperial legitimization against the empires of the south (mainly Spain, but also Portugal). The Reformation and the Counter-Reformation as well as the new center of mercantile capitalism (Amsterdam and London) were good enough reasons to enact demeaning narratives against the competition
35. Mignolo, Local Histories/Global Designs
36. Mignolo, "Rethinking the Colonial Model," in Rethinking Literary History, ed. L. Hutcheon and M. Valdes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), 78-142
37. Perry Anderson, Lineages of the Absolutist State (London: New Left Books, 1975)
38. J. MacNeill, P. Winsemius, and T. Yakushiji, Beyond Interdependence: The Meshing of the World's Economy and the Earth's Ecology, a Trilateral Commission book with a foreword by David Rockefeller (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991)
39. Quijano, "Colonialidad del poder."
40. Fernando Enrique Cardoso and Enzo Faletto, Dependencia y desarrollo en América Latina (Mexico City: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1969)
41. Cardoso, "Les Etats-Unis et la théorie de la dépendance," Revue tiers monde 17 (1976): 805-25
42. Enrique Dussel, "Marx's Economic Manuscripts of 1861-63 and the 'Concept of Dependency,'" Latin American Perspective 17.1 (1990): 62-101
43. Ramón Grosfoguel, "A Time Space Perspective on Development: Recasting Latin American Debates," Review XX 3-4 (1997): 465-540
44. Grosfoguel, "Developmentalism, Modernity, and Dependency Theory in Latin America," Nepantla: Views from South 1.2 (2000): 347-74
45. Michel Foucault, The Order of Things (New York: Pantheon, 1996), 270-360
46. Wallerstein et al., Open the Social Sciences
47. Carl E. Pletsch, "The Three Worlds, or the Division of Social Scientific Labor, circa 1950-1975," Comparative Study of Society and History (1981): 565-90
48. I have been referring mainly to Dussel and Quijano because of the very structure of the workshop I am referring to. I could easily mention other similar examples, chiefly among them Franz Fanon. See Lewis R. Gordon, Fanon and the Crisis of European Man: An Essay on Philosophy and the Human Sciences (New York: Routledge, 1995)
49. Sekyi-Out, Fanon's Dialectic of Experience (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1996)
50. Santos, De la mano de Alicia
51. Enrique Dussel, comp., Debate en torno a la ética del discurso de Apel: Diálogo filosófico Norte-Sur desde América Latina (Mexico City: Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 1994)
52. Dussel, The Underside of Modernity
53. Edgardo Lander, comp., La colonialidad del saber: Eurocentrismo y ciencias sociales. Perspectivas latinoamericanas (Buenos Aires: Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales [CLACSO] and UNESCO), 2000
54. Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Toward a New Common Sense: Law, Science, and Politics in the Paradigmatic Transition (London: Verso, 1995), 506
55. Jürgen Habermas, The Inclusion of the Other: Studies in Political Theory, ed. Ciaran Cronin and Pablo De Greiff (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1998)
56. David Harvey has made an important contribution in this direction in his reading of the geographical dimension of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels's Communist Manifesto, an important contribution that, however, falls short of the colonial difference. Harvey's geographical reading of capitalism remains within the geopolitical structure of the power of capitalism and the conditions it created for the hegemony of modern epistemology. See Harvey, "The Geography of the Manifesto," in Spaces of Hope (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000), 21-40
57. Rolena Adorno, Guaman Poma de Ayala: Writing and Resistance in Colonial Perú (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1986)
58. Vine Deloria Jr., God Is Red: A Native View of Religion (1972; reprint, Golden, CO: Fulcrum, 1994), 63
59. Immanuel Wallerstein, "The Invention of TimeSpace Realities: Towards an Understanding of Our Historical Systems," in Unthinking Social Sciences (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1991), 66-94
60. Wallerstein, "The Unintended Consequences."
61. Deloria, God Is Red, 63
62. See, for instance, Javier Medina, Repensar Bolivia: Cicatrices de un viaje hacia sí mismo (La Paz: hisbol, 1992), 41-61
63. Thérèse Bouysse-Cassagne and Olivia Harris, "Pacha: En torno al pensamiento Aymara," in Tres reflexiones sobre el pensamiento Andino, ed. T. Bouysse-Cassagne, O. Harris, and V. Cereceda (La Paz: hisbol, 1987), 11-60
64. Deloria, God is Red
65. Walter D. Mignolo, "Coloniality at Large: Time and the Colonial Difference," in Time in the Making and Possible Futures, coordinated by Cándido Mendes, ed. Enrique Rodríguez Larreta (Rio de Janeiro: UNESCO and Instituto de Pluralismo Cultural, 2000)
66. Dussel, "Beyond Eurocentrism," 57
67. Robert Bernasconi, "African Philosophy's Challenge to Continental Philosophy," in Postcolonial African Philosophy: A Critical Reader, ed. Emmanuel Chukwudi Eze (London: Blackwell, 1997), 188
68. Lucius Outlaw, "African 'Philosophy': Deconstructive and Reconstructive Challenges," in African Philosophy, vol. 5 of Contemporary Philosophy: A New Survey (Dordretch: Nijhoff, 1987), 9-44
69. Bernasconi, "African Philosophy's Challenge to Continental Philosophy," 187
70. Bernasconi, "African Philosophy's Challenge to Continental Philosophy," 191
71. Dussel, Debate en torno a la ética del discurso de Apel
72. Outlaw, "African 'Philosophy.'"
73. Dussel, "Beyond Eurocentrism," 39
74. Akinsola Akiwowo, "Indigenous Sociologies: Extending the Scope of the Argument," International Sociology 14.2 (1999): 115-38
75. "Indigenous Sociology," special issue of International Sociology, Journal of the International Sociological Association 14.2 (1999)
76. Dussel, Historia de la Filosofía Latinoamericana (1987; reprint, Bogotá: Editorial Nueva América, 1994)
77. Mario Saénz, The Identity of Liberation in Latin American Thought: Latin American Historicism and the Philosophy of Leopoldo Zea (Lanhman, MD: Lexington Books, 1999), 213-48
78. Mignolo, "Rethinking the Colonial Model," 110-30
79. Enrique Dussel, Liberación Latinoamericana y Emmanuel Levinas (Buenos Aires: Editorial Bonum, 1975)
80. Fals-Borda, Ciencia propia y colonialismo intelectual
81. Santos, Toward a New Common Sense
82. Anibal Quijano, "Estado-Nación, Ciudadanía y Democracia: Cuestiones Abiertas," in Democracia: Un modelo para armar (Caracas: Nueva Sociedad, 1998)
83. Cornel West, The American Evasion of Philosophy: A Genealogy of Pragmatism (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1989)
84. Cornel West, Race Matters (Boston: Beacon, 1993)
85. Janet L. Abu-Lughod, Before European Hegemony: The World System, A.D. 1250-1350 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989)
86. Eric R. Wolf, Europe and the People without History (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982)
87. Dussel, "Eurocentrism and Modernity"
88. Dussel, "Beyond Eurocentrism"
89. Anibal Quijano, "Colonialidad y modernidad-Racionalidad," in Los Conquistados: 1492 y la Población Indígena de las Américas, comp. Heraclio Bonilla (Bogota: Tercer Mundo Editores, 1992), 437-47
90. Quijano, "Colonialidad del poder,"113
91. Immanual Kant, "Determining the Concept of Human Race" (1792) in Fritz Schultze, Kant und Darwin: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Entwicklungslehre (Jena: Verlag von Hermann Dufft, 1875)
92. Quijano, "Colonialidad del poder," 117
93. Quijano, "Coloniality of Power."
94. Quijano, "Colonialidad y modernidad-Racionalidad"
95. Wallerstein, "Eurocentrism and Its Avatars," 93
96. Žižek, "A Leftist Plea," 988
97. Slavoj Žižek, The Ticklish Subject: The Absent Center of Political Ontology (London: Verso, 1999), 171-244
98. Žižek, Ticklish Subject, 97
99. Etienne Balibar, La crainte des masses: Politique et philosophie avant et après Marx (Paris: Galilée, 1997)
100. Frantz Fanon, Black Skin, White Masks, trans. Charles Lam Markmann (1952; reprint, New York: Grove Press, 1967), 224
101. Mignolo, Local Histories, chap. 1
102. Walter D. Mignolo, "On the Colonization of Amerindian Languages and Memories: Renaissance Theories of Writings and the Discontinuity of the Classical Tradition," Comparative Studies in Society and History 34.2 (1992): 301-30
103. Dipesh Chakrabarty, "Provincializing Europe: Postcoloniality and the Critique of History," Cultural Studies 6.3 (1992): 337-57
104. Chukwudi Emmanuel Eze, "The Color of Reason: The Idea of 'Race' in Kant's Anthropology," in Postcolonial African Philosophy, ed. Chukwudi Eze (New York: Blackwell, 1997), 103-40
105. During the final revision of this article I had the opportunity to read Slavoj Žižek's The Fragile Absolute; or, Why Is the Christian Legacy Worth Fighting For? (London: Verso, 2000), which cannot be discussed here. However, it is worth mentioning in relation to my argument the fact that Žižek opens the book with an interesting and intriguing meditation on the "Balkan Ghost" and devotes the last forty or so pages of the argument to justifying the subtitle, Why Is the Christian Legacy Worth Fighting For? Indirectly, the Christian legacy reinforces his previous argument about the Greek legacy. Between both, one has the image that a veil is floating over the Balkans. The veil is fixed to a pole that is grounded in Slovenia and has two satellite dishes on top, one pointing toward Greece and Rome and the other toward Paris