Decisions, actions, and performance: Do novice, serial, and portfolio entrepreneurs differ?

Journal of Small Business Management

Volumn 43, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 393-417

  Westhead, Paul ^a   Ucbasaran, Deniz ^a   Wright, Mike ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33646173639     PISSN: 00472778     EISSN: 1540627X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-627X.2005.00144.x     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Birley, S., and P. Westhead (1993). "A Comparison of New Businesses Established by 'Novice' and 'Habitual' Founders in Great Britain," International Small Business Journal 12, 38-60.
2. Bryman, A., and D. Cramer (1990). Quantitative Analysis for Social Scientists. London: Routledge.
3. Cantillon, R. (1755). Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en General. Translated by H. Higgs [1931]. London: Macmillan.
4. Caplan, B. (1999). "The Austrian Search for Realistic Foundations," Southern Economic Journal 65, 823-838.
5. Cooper, A. C., T. B. Folta, and C. Woo (1995). "Entrepreneurial Information Search," Journal of Business Venturing 10, 107-120.
6. Davidsson, P., and J. Wildund (2001). "Levels of Analysis in Entrepreneurship Research: Current Research Practice and Suggestions for the Future," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 25, 81-100.
7. Fiet, J. O., A. Piskounov, and V. Gustavsson (2000). "How to Decide How to Search for Entrepreneurial Discoveries," in Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2000. Ed. P. Reynolds, E. Autio, C. G. Brush, W. D. Bygrave, S. Manigart, H. J. Sapienza, and K. G. Shaver. Wellesley, MA: Babson College, 198.
8. Gaglio, C. M., and J. A. Katz (2001). "The Psychological Basis of Opportunity Identification: Entrepreneurial Alert ness," Small Business Economics 16, 95-111.
9. Gimeno, J., T. B. Folta, A. C. Cooper, and C. Y. Woo (1997). "Survival of the Fittest? Entrepreneurial Human Capital and the Persistence of Underperforming Firms," Administrative Science Quarterly 42, 750-783.
10. Hair, J. F. Jr., R. E. Andersen, R L. Tatham, and W. C. Black (1995). Multivariate Data Analysis with Readings, 4th ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall International.
11. Hawley, F. B. (1907). Enterprise and the Productive Process. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
12. Kaish, S., and B. Gilad (1991). "Characteristics of Opportunities Search of Entrepreneurs versus Executives: Sources, Interests, General Alertness," Journal of Business Venturing 6, 45-61.
13. Katz, J. A. (1994). "Modelling Entrepreneurial Career Progressions: Concepts and Considerations," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 19, 23-39.
14. Kirzner, I. M. (1973). Competition and Entrepreneur ship. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
15. Kirzner, I. (1997). "Entrepreneurial Discovery and the Competitive Market Process: An Austrian Approach," Journal of Economic Literature 35, 60-85.
16. Kolvereid, L., and E. Bullvåg (1993). "Novices versus Experienced Founders: An Exploratory Investigation," in Entrepreneurship Research: Global Perspectives. Ed. S. Birley, I. MacMillan, and S. Subramony. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, 275-285.
17. MacMillan, I., R. Siegel, and P. Subba-Narasimha (1985). "Criteria Used by Venture Capitalists to Evaluate New Venture Proposals," Journal of Business Venturing 1, 119-128.
18. McGrath, R. G. (1999). "Falling Forward: Real Options Reasoning and Entre preneurial Failure," Academy of Management Review 24, 13-30.
19. Marshall, A. (1920). Principles of Economics, 8th ed., reset 1949. London: Macmillan.
20. Office for National Statistics. (1999). PA 1003 Commerce, Energy and Industry: Size Analysis of the United Kingdom Businesses, London: Office for National Statistics.
21. Reuber, A. R., and E. Fischer (1999). "Understanding the Consequences of Founders' Experience," Journal of Small Business Management 37, 30-45.
22. Ronstadt, R. (1988). "The Corridor Principle," Journal of Business Venturing 3, 31-40.
23. Rosa, P. (1998). "Entrepreneurial Processes of Business Cluster Formation and Growth by 'Habitual' Entrepreneurs," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 22, 43-61.
24. Schein, E. H. (1978). Career Dynamics: Matching Individual and Organizational Needs. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
25. Shane, S. (2000). "Prior Knowledge and the Discovery of Entrepreneurial Opportunities," Organization Science 11, 448-469.
26. Storey, D. J. (1994). Understanding the Small Business Sector. London: Routledge.
27. Ucbasaran, D., P. Westhead, and M. Wright (2001). "The Focus of Entrepreneurial Research: Contextual and Process Issues," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 25, 57-80.
28. Ucbasaran, D., M. Wright, and P. Westhead (2003). "A Longitudinal Study of Habitual Entrepreneurs: Starters and Acquirers," Entrepreneurship and Regional Development 15, 207-228.
29. de Vaus, D. A. (1991). Surveys in Social Research, Third Edition. London: Alien & Unwin.
30. Venkataraman, S. (1997). "The Distinctive Domain of Entrepreneurship Re search: An Editor's Perspective," in Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence, and Growth, Vol. 3. Ed. J. A. Katz. Greenwich, CA: JAI Press, 119-138.
31. Wennekers, S., L. M. Uhlaner, and R. Thurik (2002). " Entrepreneurship and its Conditions: A Macro Perspective," International Journal of Entrepreneurship Education 1, 25-64.
32. Westhead, P. (1997). "Ambitions, 'External' Environment and Strategic Factor Differences between Family and Non-family Unquoted Companies," Entrepreneurship and Regional Development 9, 127-157.
33. Westhead, P., D. Ucbasaran, M. Wright, and F. Martin (2003a). Habitual Entrepreneurs in Scotland: Characteristics, Search Processes, Learning, and Performance. Glasgow: Scottish Enterprise. (A copy of the full report can be downloaded from http://www.scottish-enterprise.com in the Research and Publications section).
34. Westhead, P., D. Ucbasaran, and M. Wright (2003b). "Differences between Private Firms Owned by Novice, Serial and Portfolio Entrepreneurs: Implications for Policy-Makers and Practitioners," Regional Studies 37, 187-200.
35. Westhead, P., and M. Wright (1998a). "Novice, Serial and Portfolio Founders: Are They Different?," Journal of Business Venturing 13, 173-204.
36. _. (1998b). "Novice, Portfolio and Serial Founders Located in Rural and Urban Areas," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 22, 63-100.
37. _. (1999). "Contributions of Novice, Portfolio and Serial Founders Located in Rural and Urban Areas," Regional Studies 33, 157-173.
38. _. (2000). "Introduction," in Advances in Entrepreneurship (3 Volumes). Ed. P. Westhead, and M. Wright. Aldershot, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, xi-xcvi.
39. Woo, C. Y., T. Folta, and A. C. Cooper (1992). "Entrepreneurial Search: Alternative Theories of Behavior," in Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 1992, Ed. N. C. Churchill, S. Birley, W. D. Bygrave, D. F. Muzyka, C. Wahlbin, and W. E. Wetzel, Jr. Wellesley, MA: Babson College, 31-41.
40. Wright, M., K. Robbie, and C. Ennew (1997). "Venture Capitalists and Serial Entrepreneurs," Journal of Business Venturing, 12, 227-249.