Tourette's Syndrome

Psychiatric Clinics of North America

Volumn 29, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 471-486

  Shavitt, Roseli Gedanke ^a   Hounie, Ana Gabriela ^a   Rosário Campos, Maria Conceição ^a   Miguel, Eurípedes C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; ARIPIPRAZOLE; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT; BACLOFEN; CLOMIPRAMINE; CLONIDINE; DONEPEZIL; DOPAMINE 1 RECEPTOR; DOPAMINE 2 RECEPTOR; DOPAMINE 4 RECEPTOR; DOPAMINE 5 RECEPTOR; DRONABINOL; FLUVOXAMINE; GUANFACINE; HALOPERIDOL; M PROTEIN; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; NICOTINE GUM; OLANZAPINE; ONDANSETRON; PERGOLIDE; PIMOZIDE; QUETIAPINE; RISPERIDONE; ROPINIROLE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; SULPIRIDE; TETRABENAZINE; TIAPRIDE; ZIPRASIDONE;

ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER; BRAIN DEPTH STIMULATION; CHROMOSOME INVERSION; CLINICAL FEATURE; COGNITIVE DEFECT; COMORBIDITY; COMPULSION; DYSPHORIA; DYSTONIA; EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYNDROME; EYELID REFLEX; FACIAL EXPRESSION; GENE TRANSLOCATION; GENETIC ANALYSIS; GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY; GILLES DE LA TOURETTE SYNDROME; HUMAN; NEUROIMAGING; NON INVASIVE MEASUREMENT; OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSIS; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; QT PROLONGATION; REVIEW; RHEUMATIC FEVER; SEDATION; SIDE EFFECT; SOCIAL ISOLATION; STREPTOCOCCUS INFECTION; STRUCTURED INTERVIEW; TARDIVE DYSKINESIA; TIC; TRICHOTILLOMANIA; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; VOCALIZATION; WEIGHT GAIN;

HUMANS; OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER; RHEUMATIC FEVER; STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS; TOURETTE SYNDROME;

EID: 33646148241     PISSN: 0193953X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2006.02.005     Document Type: Review

References (96)

1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th edition (1994), American Psychiatric Association, Washington (DC)
2. Robertson M.M. Diagnosing Tourette syndrome: is it a common disorder?. J Psychosom Res 55 (2003) 3-6
3. Leckman J.F. Tourette`s syndrome. Lancet 360 (2002) 1577-1586
4. Eapen V., Fox-Hiley P., Banerjee S., et al. Clinical features and associated psychopathology in a Tourette syndrome cohort. Acta Neurol Scand 109 (2004) 255-260
5. Pauls D.L., and Leckman J.F. The inheritance of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome and associated behaviors: evidence for autosomal dominant transmission. N Engl J Med 315 (1986) 993-997
6. Pauls D.L., Alsobrook II J.P., Goodman W., et al. A family study of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 152 1 (1995) 76-84
7. Miguel E.C., Rosario-Campos M.C., Shavitt R.G., et al. The tic-related obsessive-compulsive disorder phenotype. Adv Neurol 85 (2001) 43-55
8. Kushner H.I. A cursing brain? The histories of Tourette syndrome (1999), Harvard University Press, Cambridge (MA)
9. Leckman J.F., Peterson B.S., Pauls D.L., et al. Tic disorders. Psychiatr Clin North Am 20 4 (1997) 839-861
10. Miguel E.C., Rosário-Campos M.C., Prado H.S., et al. Sensory phenomena in obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette`s disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 61 (2000) 150-156
11. Hounie A., and Petribú K. Síndrome de Tourette-revisão bibliográfica e relato de casos. Rev Bras Psiquiatr 21 1 (1999) 50-63
12. Miguel E.C., Coffey B.J., Baer L., et al. Phenomenology of intentional repetitive behaviors in obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette's disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 56 (1995) 420-430
13. Coffey B.J., Miguel E.C., Biederman J., et al. Tourette's disorder with and without obsessive-compulsive disorder in adults: are they different?. J Nerv Ment Dis 186 (1998) 201-206
14. Miguel E.C., Baer L., Coffey B.J., et al. Phenomenological differences appearing with repetitive behaviours in obsessive-compulsive disorder and Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome. Br J Psychiatry 170 (1997) 140-145
15. Rasmussen S.A., and Tsuang M.T. Clinical characteristics and family history in DSM-III obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 143 3 (1986) 317-322
16. Pitman R.K., Green R.C., Jenike M.A., et al. Clinical comparison of Tourette's disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 144 (1987) 1166-1171
17. George M.S., Trimble M.R., Ring H.A., et al. Obsessions in obsessive compulsive disorder with and without Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome. Am J Psychiatry 150 (1993) 93-97
18. Holzer J.C., Goodman W.K., McDougle C.J., et al. Obsessive-compulsive disorder with and without a chronic tic disorder. A comparison of symptoms in 70 patients. Br J Psychiatry 464 (1994) 469-473
19. Eapen V., Robertson M.M., Alsobrook II J.P., et al. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder: Differences by diagnosis and family history. Am J Med Genet 74 (1997) 432-438
20. Petter T., Richter M.A., and Sandor P. Clinical features distinguishing patients with Tourette's syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder form patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder without tics. J Clin Psychiatry 59 (1998) 456-459
21. Swerdlow R.N., Zinner S., Farber H.R., et al. Symptoms in obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette syndrome: a spectrum?. CNS Spectr 4 3 (1999) 21-33
22. Leckman J.F., Goodman W.K., North W.G., et al. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid levels of oxytocin in obsessive-compulsive disorder: comparison with Tourette's syndrome and healthy controls. Arch Gen Psychiatry 51 10 (1994) 782-792
23. Rosario-Campos M.C., Leckman J.F., Mercadante M.T., et al. Adults with early-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 158 (2001) 1899-1903
24. Baer L. Factor analysis of symptom subtypes of obsessive compulsive disorder and their relation to personality and tic disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 55 (1994) 18-23
25. Mataix-Cols D., Rauch S.L., Manzo P.A., et al. Use of factor-analyzed symptom dimensions to predict outcome with serotonin reuptake inhibitors and placebo in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 156 (1999) 1409-1416
26. Leckman J.F., Grice D.E., Boardman J., et al. Symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 154 7 (1997) 911-917
27. Diniz JB. Rosário-Campos MC, Hounie AG, et al. Chronic tics and Tourette syndrome in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Psychiatr Res, in press.
28. Alsobrook J.P., and Pauls D.L. A factor analysis of tic symptoms in Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome. Am J Psychiatry 159 (2002) 291-296
29. Mataix-Cols D., Rosario-Campos M.C., and Leckman J.F. A multidimensional model of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 162 2 (2005) 228-238
30. Leckman J.F., Pauls D.L., Zhang H., Rosario-Campos M.C., et al. Obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions in affected sibling pairs diagnosed with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 116 1 (2003) 60-68
31. Walkup J.T., Leckman J.F., Price R.A., et al. The relationship between Tourette syndrome and obsessive compulsive disorder: a twin study. Psychopharmacol Bull 24 (1988) 375-379
32. Price R.A., Kidd K.K., Cohen D.J., et al. A twin study of Tourette syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry 42 (1985) 815-820
33. Hebebrand J., Klug B., Fimmers R., et al. Rates for tic disorders and obsessive compulsive symptomatology in families of children and adolescents with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. J Psychiatr Res 31 5 (1997) 519-530
34. Nestadt G., Samuels J., Riddle M., et al. A family study of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57 (2000) 358-363
35. Grados M., Riddle M.A., Samuels J.F., et al. The familial phenotype of obsessive-compulsive disorder in relation to tic disorders: the Hopkins OCD family study. Biol Psychiatry 50 (2001) 559-565
36. Rosario-Campos M.C., Leckman J., Curi M., et al. A family study of early-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 136 1 (2005) 92-97
37. Merette C., Brassard A., Potvin A., et al. Significant linkage for Tourette syndrome in a large French Canadian family. Am J Hum Genet 67 (2000) 1008-1013
38. Simonic I., Nyholt D.R., Gericke G.S., et al. Further evidence for linkage of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) susceptibility loci on chromosomes 2p11, 8q12 and 11q23-24 in South African Afrikaners. Am J Med Genet 105 (2001) 163-167
39. The Tourette Syndrome Association International Consortium for Genetics. A complete genome screen in sib-pairs affected with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 65 (1999) 1428-1436
40. Barr C.L., Wigg K.G., Pakstis A.J., et al. Genome scan for linkage to Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Am J Med Genet 88 4 (1999) 437-445
41. Zhang H., Leckman J.F., Pauls D.L., et al. Tourette Syndrome Association International Consortium for Genetics. Genomewide scan of hoarding in sib pairs in which both sibs have Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 70 4 (2002) 896-904
42. Kroisel P.M., Petek E., Emberger W., et al. Candidate region for Gilles de la Tourette syndrome at 7q31. Am J Med Genet 101 (2001) 259-261
43. Crawford F.C., Ait-Ghezala G., Morris M., et al. Translocation breakpoint in two unrelated Tourette syndrome cases, within a region previously linked to the disorder. Hum Genet 113 (2003) 154-161
44. State M.W., Greally J.M., Cuker A., et al. Epigenetic abnormalities associated with a chromosome 18(q21-q22) inversion and a Gilles de la Tourette syndrome phenotype. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100 8 (2003) 4684-4689
45. Verkerk A.J., Matheus C.A., Joosse M., et al. CNTNAP2 is disrupted in a family with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and obsessive compulsive disorder. Genomics 82 (2003) 1-9
46. Abelson J.F., Kwan K.Y., O'Roak B.J., et al. Sequence variants in SLITRK1 are associated with Tourette's syndrome. Science 310 5746 (2005) 317-320
47. Swedo S.E. Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS). Mol Psychiatry 7 Suppl 2 (2002) S24-S25
48. Asbahr F.R., Negrão A.B., Gentil V., et al. Obsessive-compulsive and related symptoms in children and adolescents with rheumatic fever with and without chorea: a prospective 6-month study. Am J Psychiatry 155 8 (1998) 1122-1124
49. Mercadante M.T., Filho G.B., Lombroso P.J., et al. Rheumatic fever and co-morbid psychiatric disorders. Am J Psychiatry 157 12 (2000) 2036-2038
50. Hounie A.G., Pauls D.L., Mercadante M.T., et al. Obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders in rheumatic fever with and without Sydenham's chorea. J Clin Psychiatry 65 7 (2004) 994-999
51. Alvarenga PG, Hounie AG, Mercadante MT, et al. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in adults with non-active rheumatic fever. J Neuropsychiat Clin Neurosci, in press.
52. Perlmutter S.J., Leitman S.F., and Garvey M.A. Therapeutic plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin for obsessive-compulsive disorder and tic disorders in childhood. Lancet 354 9185 (1999) 1153-1158
53. Lougee L., Perlmutter S.J., Nicolson R., et al. Psychiatric disorders in first degree relatives of children with PANDAS. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39 10 (2000) 1313-1315
54. Muller N., Kroll B., Schwarz M.J., et al. Increased titers of antibodies against streptococcal M12 and M19 proteins in patients with Tourette's syndrome. Psychiatry Res 101 2 (2001) 187-193
55. Kirvan C.A., Swedo S.E., Heuser J.S., et al. Mimicry and autoantibody-mediated neuronal cell signaling in Sydenham chorea. Nat Med 9 7 (2003) 914-920
56. Garvey M.A., Perlmutter S.J., Allen A.J., et al. A pilot study of penicillin prophylaxis for neuropsychiatric exacerbations triggered by streptococcal infections. Biol Psychiatry 45 12 (1999) 1564-1571
57. Luo F., Leckman J.F., Katsovich L., et al. Prospective longitudinal study of children with tic disorders and/or obsessive-compulsive disorder: relationship of symptom exacerbations to newly acquired streptococcal infections. Pediatrics 113 (2004) e578-e585
58. Perrin E.M., Murphy M.L., Casey J.R., et al. Does group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection increase risk for behavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms in children?. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 158 (2004) 848-856
59. Santangelo S.L., Pauls D.L., Goldstein J., et al. Tourette's syndrome: what are the influences of gender and comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder?. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 33 (1994) 795-804
60. Peterson B.S., Staib L., Scahill L., et al. Regional brain and ventricular volumes in Tourette syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry 58 5 (2001) 427-440
61. Peterson B.S., Thomas P., Kane M.J., et al. Basal ganglia volumes in patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry 60 4 (2003) 415-424
62. Baumgardner T.L., Singer H.S., and Denckla M.B. Corpus callosum morphology in children with Tourette syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Neurology 47 2 (1996) 477-482
63. Bloch M.H., Leckman J.F., Zhu H., et al. Caudate volumes in childhood predict symptom severity in adults with Tourette syndrome. Neurology 65 8 (2005) 1253-1258
64. Peterson B.S., Skudlarski P., Anderson A.W., et al. A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of tic suppression in Tourette syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry 55 4 (1998) 326-333
65. Stern E., Silbersweig D.A., Chee K.Y., et al. A functional neuroanatomy of tics in Tourette syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57 8 (2000) 741-748
66. Singer H.S. Tourette's syndrome: from behavior to biology. Lancet Neurol 4 (2005) 149-159
67. Wilhelm S., Deckersbach T., Coffey B.J., et al. Habit reversal versus supportive psychotherapy for Tourettés disorder: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Psychiatry 1670 (2003) 1175-1177
68. Leckman J.F., Hardin M.T., Riddle M.A., et al. Clonidine treatment of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry 48 4 (1991) 24-28
69. Scahill L., Chappell P.B., Kim Y.S., et al. A placebo-controlled study of guanfacine in the treatment of children with tic disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 158 (2001) 1067-1074
70. Shapiro E., Shapiro A.K., Fulop G., et al. Controlled study of haloperidol, pimozide and placebo for the treatment of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry 46 8 (1989) 722-730
71. Awaad Y., Michon A.M., and Minarik S. Use of levetiracetam to treat tics in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome. Mov Disord 20 6 (2005) 714-718
72. Gonce M., and Barbeau A. Seven cases of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome: partial relief with clonazepam: a pilot study. Can J Neurol Sci 4 (1977) 279-283
73. George M.S., Trimble M.R., and Robertson M.M. Fluvoxamine and sulpiride in comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Hum Psychopharmacol 8 (1993) 327-334
74. Eggers C., Rothenberger A., and Berghaus U. Clinical and neurobiological findings in children suffering from tic disease following treatment with tiapride. Eur Arch Psychiatry Neurol Sci 237 (1988) 223-229
75. Scahill L., Leckman J.F., Schultz R.T., et al. A placebo-controlled trial of risperidone in Tourette syndrome. Neurology 60 7 (2003) 1130-1135
76. Sallee F.R., Kurlan R., Goetz C.G., et al. Ziprasidone treatment of children and adolescents with Tourette's syndrome: a pilot study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39 3 (2000) 292-299
77. Budman C.L., Gayer A., Lesser M., et al. An open-label study of the treatment efficacy of olanzapine for Tourette's disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 62 (2001) 290-294
78. Mukaddes N.M., and Abali O. Quetiapine treatment of children and adolescents with Tourette's disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 13 (2003) 295-299
79. Hounie A., Mathis M.A., Sampaio A.S., et al. Aripiprazole and Tourette syndrome. Rev Bras Psiquiatr 26 3 (2004) 213
80. Murphy T.K., Bengtson M.A., Soto O., et al. Case series on the use of aripiprazole for Tourette syndrome. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 8 3 (2005) 489-490
81. Jancovic J., and Orman J. Tetrabenazine therapy of dystonia, chorea, tics, and other dyskinesias. Neurology 38 (1988) 391-394
82. Gilbert D.L., Dure L., Sethuraman G., et al. Tic reduction with pergolide in a randomized controlled trial in children. Neurology 60 4 (2003) 606-611
83. Anca M.H., Giladi N., and Korczyn A.D. Ropinirole in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Neurology 62 (2004) 1626-1627
84. Silver A.A., Shytle R.D., Sheehan K.H., et al. Multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of mecamylamine monotherapy for Tourette's disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 40 9 (2001) 1103-1110
85. Marras C., Andrews D., Sime E., et al. Botulinum toxin for simple motor tics: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Neurology 56 (2001) 605-610
86. Cooper I.S. Dystonia reversal by operation in the basal ganglia. Arch Neurol 7 (1962) 64-74
87. Sun B., Krahl S.E., Zhan S., et al. Improved capsulotomy for refractory Tourette's syndrome. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 83 2-3 (2005) 55-56
88. Vandewalle V., van der Linden C., Groenewegen H.J., et al. Stereotactic treatment of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome by high frequency stimulation of thalamus. Lancet 353 9154 (1999) 724
89. Houeto J.L., Karachi C., Mallet L., et al. Tourette's syndrome and deep brain stimulation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 76 (2005) 992-995
90. McDougle C.J., Goodman W.K., Leckman J.F., et al. The efficacy of fluvoxamine in obsessive-compulsive disorder: effects of comorbid chronic tic disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol 13 (1993) 354-358
91. Mc Dougle C.J., Goodman W.K., Leckman J.F., et al. Haloperidol addition in fluvoxamine-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: a double-blind, placebo controlled study in patients with and without tics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 51 (1994) 302-308
92. Shavitt RG, Belotto C, Curi M, et al. Clinical features associated with treatment response in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Compr Psychiatry, in press.
93. McDougle C.J., Epperson C.N., Pelton G.H., et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of risperidone addition in serotonin reuptake inhibitor-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57 8 (2000) 794-801
94. Metin O., Yazici K., Tot S., et al. Amisulpiride augmentation in treatment resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: an open trial. Hum Psychopharmacol 18 6 (2003) 463-467
95. Bystritsky A., Ackerman D.L., Rosen R.M., et al. Augmentation of serotonin reuptake inhibitors in refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder using adjunctive olanzapine: a placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Psychiatry 65 4 (2004) 565-568
96. Denys D., de Geus F., van Megen H.J., et al. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of quetiapine addition in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder refractory to serotonin reuptake inhibitors. J Clin Psychiatry 65 8 (2004) 1040-1048