Lower extremity trauma: Trends in the management of soft-tissue reconstruction of open tibia-fibula fractures

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Volumn 117, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 1315-1322

  Parrett, Brian M ^a   Matros, Evan ^a   Pribaz, Julian J ^a   Orgill, Dennis P ^a  

^a BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ALVEOLAR BONE; CLEFT PALATE; DEVICE; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; FRACTURE; FRACTURE HEALING; GRANULATION TISSUE; HARD PALATE; HUMAN; INFECTION; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; LEG AMPUTATION; LEG FRACTURE; LEG INJURY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL PRACTICE; MOUTH MUCOSA; OPEN FRACTURE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PERIOSTEUM; PLASTIC SURGERY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REOPERATION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; REVIEW; SKIN GRAFT; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; TECHNOLOGY; VACUUM; WOUND CARE; WOUND CLOSURE; ALGORITHM; AMPUTATION; ARTICLE; CLASSIFICATION; DEBRIDEMENT; FIBULA; INJURY; LAVAGE; OSTEOSYNTHESIS; SKIN TRANSPLANTATION; TIBIA FRACTURE; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADULT; ALGORITHMS; AMPUTATION; DEBRIDEMENT; FEMALE; FIBULA; FRACTURE FIXATION, INTERNAL; FRACTURES, BONE; FRACTURES, OPEN; HUMANS; IRRIGATION; MALE; RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGICAL PROCEDURES; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SKIN TRANSPLANTATION; SURGICAL FLAPS; TIBIAL FRACTURES; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VACUUM;

EID: 33646101840     PISSN: 00321052     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000204959.18136.36     Document Type: Review

References (43)

1. Patzakis, M. J., Wilkins, J., and Moore, T. M. Use of antibiotics in open tibial fractures. Clin. Orthop. 178: 31, 1983.
2. Grimard, G., Naudie, D., Laberge, L. C., et al. Open fractures of the tibia in children. Clin. Orthop. 332: 62, 1996.
3. Dickson, K., Katzman, S., Delgado, E., et al. Delayed unions and nonunions of open tibial fractures: Correlation with arteriography results. Clin. Orthop. 302: 191, 1994.
4. Khatod, M., Botte, M. J., Hoyt, D. B., et al. Outcomes in open tibia fractures: Relationship between delay in treatment and infection. J. Trauma 55: 951, 2003.
5. Gustilo, R. B., and Anderson, J. T. Prevention of infection in the treatment of one thousand and twenty-five open fractures of long bones: Retrospective and prospective analyses. J. Bone Joint Surg. (Am.) 58: 456, 1976.
6. Gorman, P. W., Barnes, C. L., Fischer, T. J., et al. Soft-tissue reconstruction in severe lower extremity trauma: A review. Clin. Orthop. 243: 58, 1989.
7. Gustilo, R. B., Simpson, L., Nixon, R. A., et al. Analysis of 511 open fractures. Clin. Orthop. 66: 150, 1969.
8. Drost, T. F., Rosemurgy, A. S., Proctor, D., et al. Outcome of treatment of combined orthopedic and arterial trauma to the lower extremity. J. Trauma 29: 1332, 1989.
9. Gustilo, R. B., Mendoza, R. M., and Williams, D. N. Problems in the management of type III (severe) open fractures: A new classification of type III open fractures. J. Trauma 24: 742, 1984.
10. Godina, M. Early microsurgical reconstruction of complex trauma of the extremities. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 78: 285, 1986.
11. Yaremchuk, M. J., and Gan, B. S. Soft tissue management of open tibia fractures. Acta Orthop. Belg. 62: 189, 1996.
12. Fischer, M. D., Gustilo, R. B., and Varecka, T. F. The timing of flap coverage, bone-grafting, and intramedullary nailing in patients who have a fracture of the tibial shaft with extensive soft-tissue injury. J. Bone Joint Surg. (Am.) 73: 1316, 1991.
13. Byrd, H. S., Cierny, G., III, and Tebbetts, J. B. The management of open tibial fractures with associated soft tissue loss: External pin fixation with early flap coverage. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 68: 73, 1981.
14. Byrd, H. S., Spicer, T. E., and Cierny, G. D. Management of open tibial fractures. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 76: 719, 1985.
15. Cierny, G., III, Byrd, H. S., and Jones, R. E. Primary versus delayed soft tissue coverage for severe open tibial fractures: A comparison of results. Clin. Orthop. 178: 55, 1983.
16. Aldea, P. A., and Shaw, W. W. The evolution of the surgical management of severe lower extremity trauma. Clin. Plast. Surg. 13: 549, 1986.
17. Khouri, R. K., and Shaw, W. W. Reconstruction of the lower extremity with microvascular free flaps: A 10-year experience with 304 consecutive cases. J. Trauma 29: 1086, 1989.
18. Francel, T. J., Vander Kolk, C. A., Hoopes, J. E., et al. Microvascular soft-tissue transplantation for reconstruction of acute open tibial fractures: Timing of coverage and long-term functional results. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 89: 478, 1992.
19. Heller, L., and Levin, L. S. Lower extremity microsurgical reconstruction. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 108: 1029, 2001.
20. Wood, M. B., Cooney, W. P., and Irons, G. B. Lower extremity salvage and reconstruction by free-tissue transfer: Analysis of results. Clin. Orthop. 201: 151, 1985.
21. Hammert, W. C., Minarchek, J., and Trzeciak, M. A. Free-flap reconstruction of traumatic lower extremity wounds. Am. J. Orthop. 29: 22, 2000.
22. Yajima, H., Tamai, S., Kobata, Y., et al. Vascularized composite tissue transfers or open fractures with massive softtissue defects in the lower extremities. Microsurgery 22: 114, 2002.
23. Suominen, S., and Asko-Seljavaara, S. Free flap failures. Microsurgery 16: 396, 1995.
24. Maffi, T. R., and Tran, N. V. Free-tissue transfer experience at a county hospital. J. Reconstr. Microsurg. 17: 431, 2001.
25. Heinz, T. R., Cowper, P. A., and Levin, L. S. Microsurgery costs and outcome. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 104: 89, 1999.
26. DeFranzo, A. J., Argenta, L. C., Marks, M. W., et al. The use of vacuum-assisted closure therapy for the treatment of lower-extremity wounds with exposed bone. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 108: 1184, 2001.
27. Herscovici, D., Jr., Sanders, R. W., Scaduto, J. M., et al. Vacuum-assisted wound closure (VAC therapy) for the management of patients with high-energy soft tissue injuries. J. Orthop. Trauma 17: 683, 2003.
28. Molnar, J. A., DeFranzo, A. J., Hadaegh, A., et al. Acceleration of Integra incorporation in complex tissue defects with sub-atmospheric pressure. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 113: 1339, 2004.
29. Jeng, S. F., and Wei, F. C. Distally based sural island flap for foot and ankle reconstruction. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 99: 744, 1997.
30. Almeida, M. F., da Costa, P. R., and Okawa, R. Y. Reverse-flow island sural flap. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 109: 585, 2002.
31. Raveendran, S. S., Perera, D., Happuharachchi, T., et al. Superficial sural artery flap: A study in 40 cases. Br. J. Plast. Surg. 57: 266, 2004.
32. Beck, J. B., Stile, F., and Lineaweaver, W. Reconsidering the soleus muscle flap for coverage of wounds of the distal third of the leg. Ann. Plast. Surg. 50: 633, 2003.
33. Hallock, G. G. Getting the most from the soleus muscle. Ann. Plast. Surg. 36: 141, 1996.
34. Chen, S. L., Chen, T. M., Chou, T. D., et al. The distally based lesser saphenous venofasciocutaneous flap for ankle and heel reconstruction. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 110: 1664, 2002.
35. Cavadas, P. C. Reversed saphenous neurocutaneous island flap: Clinical experience and evolution to the posterior tibial perforator-saphenous subcutaneous flap. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 111: 837, 2003.
36. Peterson, S. L., and Moore, E. E. The integral role of the plastic surgeon at a level I trauma center. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 112: 1371, 2003.
37. Hallock, G. G. Utility of both muscle and fascia flaps in severe lower extremity trauma. J. Trauma 48: 913, 2000.
38. Baumeister, S. P., Spierer, R., and Erdmann, D. A realistic complication analysis of 70 sural artery flaps in a multimorbid patient group. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 112: 137, 2003.
39. Khouri, R. K. Avoiding free flap failure. Clin. Plast. Surg. 19: 773, 1992.
40. McCrory, A. L., and Magnuson, J. S. Free tissue transfer versus pedicled flap in head and neck reconstruction. Laryngoscope 112: 2161, 2002.
41. Wood, M. B., Cooney, W. P., and Irons, G. B. Lower extremity salvage and reconstruction by free-tissue transfer: Analysis of results. Clin. Orthop. 201: 151, 1985.
42. Muramatsu, K., Shigetomi, M., Ihara, K., et al. Vascular complication in free tissue transfer to the leg. Microsurgery 21: 362, 2001.
43. Benacquista, T., Kasabian, A. K., and Karp, N. S. The fate of lower extremities with failed free flaps. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 98: 834, 1996.