메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 94, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 323-346

The challenges of making eggs

Author keywords

Capital income breeders; Egg formation; Egg nutrients; Food limitation; Reproductive costs

Indexed keywords

BIOENERGETICS; BIRD; BODY CONDITION; BROOD REARING; EGG PRODUCTION; FEEDING; FITNESS; FOOD INTAKE; FOOD LIMITATION; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; REPRODUCTIVE COST; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; RESOURCE ALLOCATION;

EID: 33645800312     PISSN: 03732266     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (105)

References (220)
  • 1
    • 0028317578 scopus 로고
    • Nutrition of breeding female ruddy ducks: The role of nutrient reserves
    • Alisauskas R.T. & Ankney C.D. 1994. Nutrition of breeding female ruddy ducks: the role of nutrient reserves. Condor 96: 878-897.
    • (1994) Condor , vol.96 , pp. 878-897
    • Alisauskas, R.T.1    Ankney, C.D.2
  • 2
    • 0001623994 scopus 로고
    • Feeding and digestive organ size in breeding lesser snow geese
    • Ankney C.D. 1977. Feeding and digestive organ size in breeding lesser snow geese. Auk 94: 275-282.
    • (1977) Auk , vol.94 , pp. 275-282
    • Ankney, C.D.1
  • 3
    • 0000306387 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient reserves and reproductive performance in female lesser snow geese
    • Ankney C.D. & MacInnes C.D. 1978. Nutrient reserves and reproductive performance in female lesser snow geese. Auk 95: 459-471.
    • (1978) Auk , vol.95 , pp. 459-471
    • Ankney, C.D.1    MacInnes, C.D.2
  • 4
    • 0028165288 scopus 로고
    • The seasonal decline in clutch size - an experiment with supplementary food in the kestrel, Falco tinnunculus
    • Aparicio J.M. 1994. The seasonal decline in clutch size - an experiment with supplementary food in the kestrel, Falco tinnunculus. Oikos 71: 451-458.
    • (1994) Oikos , vol.71 , pp. 451-458
    • Aparicio, J.M.1
  • 5
    • 0001810821 scopus 로고
    • Roles of water in avian eggs
    • Deeming D.C. & Ferguson M.W.J, eds, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Ar A. 1991. Roles of water in avian eggs. In: Deeming D.C. & Ferguson M.W.J. (eds) Egg Incubation: Its effects on embryonic development in birds and reptiles: 229-243. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1991) Egg Incubation: Its effects on embryonic development in birds and reptiles , pp. 229-243
    • Ar, A.1
  • 6
    • 0024220543 scopus 로고
    • Effects of population density and food on reproduction in song sparrows
    • Arcese P. & Smith J.N.M. 1988. Effects of population density and food on reproduction in song sparrows. J. Anim. Ecol. 57: 119-136.
    • (1988) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.57 , pp. 119-136
    • Arcese, P.1    Smith, J.N.M.2
  • 7
    • 0027068982 scopus 로고
    • Variation in laying date, clutch size, egg size and egg composition of yellow-headed blackbirds (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus): A supplementary feeding experiment
    • Arnold T.W. 1992. Variation in laying date, clutch size, egg size and egg composition of yellow-headed blackbirds (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus): a supplementary feeding experiment. Can. J. Zool. 70: 1904-1911.
    • (1992) Can. J. Zool , vol.70 , pp. 1904-1911
    • Arnold, T.W.1
  • 8
    • 0027974740 scopus 로고
    • Effects of supplemental food on egg production in American coots
    • Arnold T.W. 1994. Effects of supplemental food on egg production in American coots. Auk 111: 337-350.
    • (1994) Auk , vol.111 , pp. 337-350
    • Arnold, T.W.1
  • 9
    • 0000183246 scopus 로고
    • Do egg formation costs limit clutch size in waterfowl? A sceptical view
    • Arnold T.W. & Rowher F.C. 1991. Do egg formation costs limit clutch size in waterfowl? A sceptical view. Condor 93: 1032-1038.
    • (1991) Condor , vol.93 , pp. 1032-1038
    • Arnold, T.W.1    Rowher, F.C.2
  • 10
    • 0021534011 scopus 로고
    • Temperature and foraging success of great tits (Parus major) hunting for spiders
    • Avery M.I. & Krebs J.R. 1984. Temperature and foraging success of great tits (Parus major) hunting for spiders. Ibis 126: 33-38.
    • (1984) Ibis , vol.126 , pp. 33-38
    • Avery, M.I.1    Krebs, J.R.2
  • 12
    • 53149099347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotenoids and egg quality in the lesser black-backed gull Larus fuscus: A supplemental feeding study of maternal effects
    • Blount J.D., Surai P.F., Nager R.G., Houston D.C., Møller A.P., Trewby M.L. & Kennedy M.W. 2001. Carotenoids and egg quality in the lesser black-backed gull Larus fuscus: a supplemental feeding study of maternal effects. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 269: 29-36.
    • (2001) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.269 , pp. 29-36
    • Blount, J.D.1    Surai, P.F.2    Nager, R.G.3    Houston, D.C.4    Møller, A.P.5    Trewby, M.L.6    Kennedy, M.W.7
  • 13
    • 0442323220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Egg-laying capacity is limited by carotenoid pigment availability in wild gulls Larus fuscus
    • Blount J.D., Houston D.C., Surai P.F. & Møller A.P. 2004. Egg-laying capacity is limited by carotenoid pigment availability in wild gulls Larus fuscus. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B (Suppl.) 271: S79-S81.
    • (2004) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.271 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Blount, J.D.1    Houston, D.C.2    Surai, P.F.3    Møller, A.P.4
  • 14
    • 0015950632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Board R.G. & Fuller R. 1974. Non-specific antimicrobial defences of the avian egg, embryo and neonate. Biol. Rev. 49: 15-49.
    • Board R.G. & Fuller R. 1974. Non-specific antimicrobial defences of the avian egg, embryo and neonate. Biol. Rev. 49: 15-49.
  • 15
    • 34248168361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Board R.G. 1982. Properties of avian eggshells and their adaptive value. Biol. Rev. 57: 1-28.
    • Board R.G. 1982. Properties of avian eggshells and their adaptive value. Biol. Rev. 57: 1-28.
  • 16
    • 34248209307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Board R.G. & Sparks N.H.C. 1991. Shell structure and formation in avian eggs. In: Deeming D.C. & Ferguson M.W.J. (eds) Egg Incubation: Its effects on embryonic development in birds and reptiles: 71-86. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • Board R.G. & Sparks N.H.C. 1991. Shell structure and formation in avian eggs. In: Deeming D.C. & Ferguson M.W.J. (eds) Egg Incubation: Its effects on embryonic development in birds and reptiles: 71-86. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • 17
    • 0026060292 scopus 로고
    • An improved technique for estimating pectoral muscle protein condition from body measurements of live gulls
    • Bolton M., Monaghan P. & Houston D.C. 1991. An improved technique for estimating pectoral muscle protein condition from body measurements of live gulls. Ibis 133: 264-270.
    • (1991) Ibis , vol.133 , pp. 264-270
    • Bolton, M.1    Monaghan, P.2    Houston, D.C.3
  • 18
    • 0027039190 scopus 로고
    • Nutritional constraints on egg formation in the lesser black-backed gull: An experimental study
    • Bolton M., Monaghan P. & Houston D.C. 1992. Nutritional constraints on egg formation in the lesser black-backed gull: an experimental study. J. Anim. Ecol. 61: 521-532.
    • (1992) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.61 , pp. 521-532
    • Bolton, M.1    Monaghan, P.2    Houston, D.C.3
  • 19
    • 0027385674 scopus 로고
    • Proximate determination of clutch size in lesser black-backed gulls: The roles of food supply and body condition
    • Bolton M., Monaghan P. & Houston D.C. 1993. Proximate determination of clutch size in lesser black-backed gulls: the roles of food supply and body condition. Can. J. Zool. 71: 273-279.
    • (1993) Can. J. Zool , vol.71 , pp. 273-279
    • Bolton, M.1    Monaghan, P.2    Houston, D.C.3
  • 21
    • 0035902152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjustment to climate change is constrained by arrival date in a long-distance migrant bird
    • Both C. & Visser M.E. 2001. Adjustment to climate change is constrained by arrival date in a long-distance migrant bird. Nature 411: 296-298.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.411 , pp. 296-298
    • Both, C.1    Visser, M.E.2
  • 22
    • 34248171417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brömssen A. von & Jansson C. 1980. Effects of food addition to willow tit (Parus montanus) and crested tit (Parus cristatus) at the time of breeding. Ornis Scand. 11: 173-178.
    • Brömssen A. von & Jansson C. 1980. Effects of food addition to willow tit (Parus montanus) and crested tit (Parus cristatus) at the time of breeding. Ornis Scand. 11: 173-178.
  • 23
    • 0030301952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy expenditure during moult in dippers (Cinclus cinclus): No evidence of elevated costs
    • Brown C.R. & Bryant D.M. 1996. Energy expenditure during moult in dippers (Cinclus cinclus): no evidence of elevated costs. Physiol. Zool. 69: 1036-1056.
    • (1996) Physiol. Zool , vol.69 , pp. 1036-1056
    • Brown, C.R.1    Bryant, D.M.2
  • 24
    • 0024264374 scopus 로고
    • Energetics of the annual cycle of dippers Cinclus cinclus
    • Bryant D.M. & Tatner P. 1988. Energetics of the annual cycle of dippers Cinclus cinclus. Ibis 130: 17-38.
    • (1988) Ibis , vol.130 , pp. 17-38
    • Bryant, D.M.1    Tatner, P.2
  • 25
    • 0002330624 scopus 로고
    • The energy budget of the house martin (Delichon urbica)
    • Bryant D.M. & Westerterp K.R. 1980. The energy budget of the house martin (Delichon urbica). Ardea 68: 91-102.
    • (1980) Ardea , vol.68 , pp. 91-102
    • Bryant, D.M.1    Westerterp, K.R.2
  • 27
    • 0000099874 scopus 로고
    • A model for drought inhibition of bobwhite quail (Colinus virginanus) reproductive systems
    • Cain J.R. & Lien R.J. 1985. A model for drought inhibition of bobwhite quail (Colinus virginanus) reproductive systems. Comp. Biochem. Phys. 82A: 925-930.
    • (1985) Comp. Biochem. Phys , vol.82 A , pp. 925-930
    • Cain, J.R.1    Lien, R.J.2
  • 29
    • 0024927826 scopus 로고
    • Courtship feeding and clutch size in red-backed shrikes (Lanius collurio)
    • Carlson A. 1989. Courtship feeding and clutch size in red-backed shrikes (Lanius collurio). Am. Nat. 133: 454-457.
    • (1989) Am. Nat , vol.133 , pp. 454-457
    • Carlson, A.1
  • 30
    • 0034992811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Follicular development and plasma yolk precursor dynamics through the laying cycle in the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
    • Challenger W.O., Williams T.D., Christians J.K. & Vézina F. 2001. Follicular development and plasma yolk precursor dynamics through the laying cycle in the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris). Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 74: 356-365.
    • (2001) Physiol. Biochem. Zool , vol.74 , pp. 356-365
    • Challenger, W.O.1    Williams, T.D.2    Christians, J.K.3    Vézina, F.4
  • 31
    • 0032822447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of central and peripheral organ masses to aerobic performance variation in house sparrows
    • Chappell M.A., Bech C. & Buttlemer W.A. 1999. The relationship of central and peripheral organ masses to aerobic performance variation in house sparrows. J. Exp. Biol. 202: 2269-2279.
    • (1999) J. Exp. Biol , vol.202 , pp. 2269-2279
    • Chappell, M.A.1    Bech, C.2    Buttlemer, W.A.3
  • 32
    • 0033780934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Producing extra eggs does not deplete macronutrient reserves in European starlings Sturnus vulgaris
    • Christians J.K. 2000. Producing extra eggs does not deplete macronutrient reserves in European starlings Sturnus vulgaris. J. Avian Biol. 31: 312-318.
    • (2000) J. Avian Biol , vol.31 , pp. 312-318
    • Christians, J.K.1
  • 33
    • 0032714031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of exogenous 17β -estradiol on the reproductive physiology and reproductive performance of European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)
    • Christians J.K. & Williams T.D. 1999. Effects of exogenous 17β -estradiol on the reproductive physiology and reproductive performance of European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). J. Exp. Biol. 202: 2679-2685.
    • (1999) J. Exp. Biol , vol.202 , pp. 2679-2685
    • Christians, J.K.1    Williams, T.D.2
  • 34
    • 0034925380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interindividual variation in yolk mass and the rate of growth of ovarian follicles in the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata)
    • Christians J.K. & Williams T.D. 2001a. Interindividual variation in yolk mass and the rate of growth of ovarian follicles in the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata). J. Comp. Physiol. B 171: 255-261.
    • (2001) J. Comp. Physiol. B , vol.171 , pp. 255-261
    • Christians, J.K.1    Williams, T.D.2
  • 35
    • 0035094062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraspecific variation in reproductive physiology and egg quality in the European starling Sturnus vulgaris
    • Christians J.K. & Williams T.D. 2001b. Intraspecific variation in reproductive physiology and egg quality in the European starling Sturnus vulgaris. J. Avian Biol. 32: 31-37.
    • (2001) J. Avian Biol , vol.32 , pp. 31-37
    • Christians, J.K.1    Williams, T.D.2
  • 36
    • 0024921739 scopus 로고
    • Effects of supplemental food on the breeding of blue and great tits in the Mediterranean habitats
    • Clamens A. & Isenmann P. 1989. Effects of supplemental food on the breeding of blue and great tits in the Mediterranean habitats. Ornis Scand. 20: 36-42.
    • (1989) Ornis Scand , vol.20 , pp. 36-42
    • Clamens, A.1    Isenmann, P.2
  • 37
    • 0034924007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food limitation explains most clutch size variation in the Nazca booby
    • Clifford L.D. & Anderson D.J. 2001. Food limitation explains most clutch size variation in the Nazca booby. J. Anim. Ecol. 70: 539-545.
    • (2001) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.70 , pp. 539-545
    • Clifford, L.D.1    Anderson, D.J.2
  • 38
    • 0036062899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of muscle protein for egg production in the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata
    • Cottam M., Houston D.C., Lobley G. & Hamilton I. 2002. The use of muscle protein for egg production in the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata. Ibis 144: 210-217.
    • (2002) Ibis , vol.144 , pp. 210-217
    • Cottam, M.1    Houston, D.C.2    Lobley, G.3    Hamilton, I.4
  • 39
    • 0028974282 scopus 로고
    • Early arrival, initiation of nesting, and social status: An experimental study of breeding female red-winged blackbirds
    • Cristol D.A. 1995. Early arrival, initiation of nesting, and social status: an experimental study of breeding female red-winged blackbirds. Behav. Ecol. 6: 87-93.
    • (1995) Behav. Ecol , vol.6 , pp. 87-93
    • Cristol, D.A.1
  • 40
    • 0034594979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Egg investment is influenced by male attractiveness in the mallard
    • Cunningham E.J.A. & Russell A.F. 2000. Egg investment is influenced by male attractiveness in the mallard. Nature 404: 74-76.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.404 , pp. 74-76
    • Cunningham, E.J.A.1    Russell, A.F.2
  • 41
    • 0022168639 scopus 로고
    • The influence of food on the time budgets and timing of breeding of the dunnock (Prunella modularis)
    • Davies N.B. & Lundberg A. 1985. The influence of food on the time budgets and timing of breeding of the dunnock (Prunella modularis). Ibis 127: 100-110.
    • (1985) Ibis , vol.127 , pp. 100-110
    • Davies, N.B.1    Lundberg, A.2
  • 42
    • 33845529833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of temperature on photoperiodically regulated gonadal maturation, regression and moult in starlings; potential consequences of climate change
    • Dawson A. 2005. The effect of temperature on photoperiodically regulated gonadal maturation, regression and moult in starlings; potential consequences of climate change. Funct. Ecol. 19: 995-1000.
    • (2005) Funct. Ecol , vol.19 , pp. 995-1000
    • Dawson, A.1
  • 43
    • 2642561417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a food supplementation experiment on reproductive investment and a post-mating sexually selected trait in magpies Pica pica
    • de Neve L., Soler J.J., Soler M., Pérez-Contreras T., Martín-Vivaldi M. & Martínez J.G. 2004. Effects of a food supplementation experiment on reproductive investment and a post-mating sexually selected trait in magpies Pica pica. J. Avian Biol. 35: 246-251.
    • (2004) J. Avian Biol , vol.35 , pp. 246-251
    • de Neve, L.1    Soler, J.J.2    Soler, M.3    Pérez-Contreras, T.4    Martín-Vivaldi, M.5    Martínez, J.G.6
  • 44
    • 0001307265 scopus 로고
    • Age-related differences in reproduction by European blackbirds: Restraint or constraint?
    • Desrocher A. 1992. Age-related differences in reproduction by European blackbirds: restraint or constraint? Ecology 73: 1128-1131.
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 1128-1131
    • Desrocher, A.1
  • 45
    • 0025632437 scopus 로고
    • The effect of food supplementation on the reproductive success of black-billed magpies Pica pica
    • Dhindsa M.S. & Boag D.A. 1990. The effect of food supplementation on the reproductive success of black-billed magpies Pica pica. Ibis 132: 595-602.
    • (1990) Ibis , vol.132 , pp. 595-602
    • Dhindsa, M.S.1    Boag, D.A.2
  • 46
    • 0020227238 scopus 로고
    • Clutch size and laying date in the kestrel (Falco tinnunculus): The effect of supplementary food
    • Dijkstra C., Vuursteen L., Daan S. & Masman D.M. 1982. Clutch size and laying date in the kestrel (Falco tinnunculus): the effect of supplementary food. Ibis 124: 210-213.
    • (1982) Ibis , vol.124 , pp. 210-213
    • Dijkstra, C.1    Vuursteen, L.2    Daan, S.3    Masman, D.M.4
  • 47
    • 0000498563 scopus 로고
    • The prudent parent: Energetic adjustments in avian breeding
    • Drent R.H. & Daan S. 1980. The prudent parent: energetic adjustments in avian breeding. Ardea 68: 225-252.
    • (1980) Ardea , vol.68 , pp. 225-252
    • Drent, R.H.1    Daan, S.2
  • 48
    • 0345446600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pay-offs and penalties of competing migratory schedules
    • Drent R.H., Both C., Green M., Madsen J. & Piersma T. 2003. Pay-offs and penalties of competing migratory schedules. Oikos 103: 274-292.
    • (2003) Oikos , vol.103 , pp. 274-292
    • Drent, R.H.1    Both, C.2    Green, M.3    Madsen, J.4    Piersma, T.5
  • 49
    • 1242288124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • More eggs the better: Egg formation in captive barn owls (Tyto alba)
    • Durant J.M., Massemin S. & Handrich Y. 2004. More eggs the better: egg formation in captive barn owls (Tyto alba). Auk 121: 103-109.
    • (2004) Auk , vol.121 , pp. 103-109
    • Durant, J.M.1    Massemin, S.2    Handrich, Y.3
  • 50
    • 0347270405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental evidence for the influence of food availability on incubation attendance and hatching asynchrony in the Australian reed warbler Acrocephalus australis
    • Eikenaar C., Berg M.L. & Komdeur J. 2003. Experimental evidence for the influence of food availability on incubation attendance and hatching asynchrony in the Australian reed warbler Acrocephalus australis. J. Avian Biol. 34: 419-427.
    • (2003) J. Avian Biol , vol.34 , pp. 419-427
    • Eikenaar, C.1    Berg, M.L.2    Komdeur, J.3
  • 51
    • 0001686628 scopus 로고
    • Time and energy budgets of the willow flycatcher Empidonax traillii during the breeding season
    • Ettinger O.A. & King J.R. 1980. Time and energy budgets of the willow flycatcher Empidonax traillii during the breeding season. Auk 97: 533-546.
    • (1980) Auk , vol.97 , pp. 533-546
    • Ettinger, O.A.1    King, J.R.2
  • 52
    • 0020378399 scopus 로고
    • Effects of supplemental feeding on timing of breeding, clutch-size and polygyny in red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus)
    • Ewald P.W. & Rohwer F.C. 1982. Effects of supplemental feeding on timing of breeding, clutch-size and polygyny in red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus). J. Anim. Ecol. 51: 429-450.
    • (1982) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.51 , pp. 429-450
    • Ewald, P.W.1    Rohwer, F.C.2
  • 53
    • 0032006344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental manipulation of egg quality in chickens: Influence of albumen and yolk on the size and body composition of near-term embryos in a precocial bird
    • Finkler M.S., van Orman J.B. & Sutherland P.R. 1998. Experimental manipulation of egg quality in chickens: influence of albumen and yolk on the size and body composition of near-term embryos in a precocial bird. J. Comp. Physiol. B 168: 17-24.
    • (1998) J. Comp. Physiol. B , vol.168 , pp. 17-24
    • Finkler, M.S.1    van Orman, J.B.2    Sutherland, P.R.3
  • 54
    • 84985383795 scopus 로고
    • The role of fat and protein reserves in the annual cycle of the grey-backed Camaroptera in Uganda (Aves: Sylvidae)
    • Fogden M.P. & Fogden P.M. 1979. The role of fat and protein reserves in the annual cycle of the grey-backed Camaroptera in Uganda (Aves: Sylvidae). J. Zool. 189: 233-258.
    • (1979) J. Zool , vol.189 , pp. 233-258
    • Fogden, M.P.1    Fogden, P.M.2
  • 55
    • 0035932313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induced maternal response to the Lyme disease spirochaete Borrelai burgdorferi sensu lato in a colonial seabird, the kittiwake Rissa tridactyla
    • Gasparini J., McCoy K.D., Haussy C., Tveraa T. & Boulinier T. 2001. Induced maternal response to the Lyme disease spirochaete Borrelai burgdorferi sensu lato in a colonial seabird, the kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 268: 647-650.
    • (2001) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.268 , pp. 647-650
    • Gasparini, J.1    McCoy, K.D.2    Haussy, C.3    Tveraa, T.4    Boulinier, T.5
  • 56
    • 1342267023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are greater snow geese capital breeders? New evidence from a stable isotope model
    • Gauthier G., Bêty J. & Hobson K.A. 2003. Are greater snow geese capital breeders? New evidence from a stable isotope model. Ecology 84: 3250-3264.
    • (2003) Ecology , vol.84 , pp. 3250-3264
    • Gauthier, G.1    Bêty, J.2    Hobson, K.A.3
  • 57
    • 0033215162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male attractiveness and differential testosterone investment in zebra finch eggs
    • Gil D., Graves J., Hazon N. & Wells A. 1999. Male attractiveness and differential testosterone investment in zebra finch eggs. Science 286: 126-128.
    • (1999) Science , vol.286 , pp. 126-128
    • Gil, D.1    Graves, J.2    Hazon, N.3    Wells, A.4
  • 59
    • 0036271047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Components of productivity in black-legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla: Response to supplemental feeding
    • Gill V.A. & Hatch S.A. 2002. Components of productivity in black-legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla: response to supplemental feeding. J. Avian Biol. 33: 113-126.
    • (2002) J. Avian Biol , vol.33 , pp. 113-126
    • Gill, V.A.1    Hatch, S.A.2
  • 60
    • 0036069431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of breeding parameters to food supply in black-legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla
    • Gill V.A., Hatch S.A. & Lanctot R.B. 2002. Sensitivity of breeding parameters to food supply in black-legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla. Ibis 144: 268-283.
    • (2002) Ibis , vol.144 , pp. 268-283
    • Gill, V.A.1    Hatch, S.A.2    Lanctot, R.B.3
  • 61
    • 0028184058 scopus 로고
    • Poor reproduction in forest passerines from decline in snail abundance on acidified soils
    • Graveland J., van der Wal R., van Balen J.H. & van Noordwijk A.J. 1994. Poor reproduction in forest passerines from decline in snail abundance on acidified soils. Nature 368: 446-448.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.368 , pp. 446-448
    • Graveland, J.1    van der Wal, R.2    van Balen, J.H.3    van Noordwijk, A.J.4
  • 62
    • 0030618139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium availability limits breeding success of passerines on poor soils
    • Graveland J. & Drent R.H. 1997. Calcium availability limits breeding success of passerines on poor soils. J. Anim. Ecol. 66: 279-288.
    • (1997) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.66 , pp. 279-288
    • Graveland, J.1    Drent, R.H.2
  • 63
    • 0002453071 scopus 로고
    • Hormonal control of yolk protein synthesis
    • Freeman B.M. & Lake P.E, eds, British Poultry Science, Edinburgh
    • Gruber M. 1972. Hormonal control of yolk protein synthesis. In: Freeman B.M. & Lake P.E. (eds) Egg formation and production: 23-34. British Poultry Science, Edinburgh.
    • (1972) Egg formation and production , pp. 23-34
    • Gruber, M.1
  • 64
    • 17444417878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporary flightlessness as a potential cost of reproduction in pre-laying common eiders Somateria mollissima
    • Guillemette M. & Ouellet J-F. 2005. Temporary flightlessness as a potential cost of reproduction in pre-laying common eiders Somateria mollissima. Ibis 147: 301-306.
    • (2005) Ibis , vol.147 , pp. 301-306
    • Guillemette, M.1    Ouellet, J.-F.2
  • 65
    • 0030894556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximal sustained energy budgets in humans and mammals
    • Hammond K.A. & Diamond J. 1997. Maximal sustained energy budgets in humans and mammals. Nature 386: 457-462.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.386 , pp. 457-462
    • Hammond, K.A.1    Diamond, J.2
  • 66
    • 0034842286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of breeding in variable environments: Tropical birds as model systems
    • Hau M. 2001. Timing of breeding in variable environments: tropical birds as model systems. Horm. Behav. 40: 281-290.
    • (2001) Horm. Behav , vol.40 , pp. 281-290
    • Hau, M.1
  • 67
    • 0347320657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal corticosterone is transferred to avian yolk and may alter offspring growth and adult phenotype
    • Hayward L.S. & Wingfield J.C. 2004. Maternal corticosterone is transferred to avian yolk and may alter offspring growth and adult phenotype. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 135: 365-371.
    • (2004) Gen. Comp. Endocrinol , vol.135 , pp. 365-371
    • Hayward, L.S.1    Wingfield, J.C.2
  • 68
    • 0029120205 scopus 로고
    • A within-clutch trade-off between egg production and rearing in birds
    • Heaney V. & Monaghan P. 1995. A within-clutch trade-off between egg production and rearing in birds. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 261: 361-365.
    • (1995) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.261 , pp. 361-365
    • Heaney, V.1    Monaghan, P.2
  • 69
    • 0031710685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of increased egg production on egg composition in the common tern Sterna hirundo
    • Heaney V., Nager R.G. & Monaghan P. 1998. Effect of increased egg production on egg composition in the common tern Sterna hirundo. Ibis 140: 693-696.
    • (1998) Ibis , vol.140 , pp. 693-696
    • Heaney, V.1    Nager, R.G.2    Monaghan, P.3
  • 70
    • 0001520285 scopus 로고
    • The effect of food abundance on the reproductive patterns of coots
    • Hill W.L. 1988. The effect of food abundance on the reproductive patterns of coots. Condor 90: 324-331.
    • (1988) Condor , vol.90 , pp. 324-331
    • Hill, W.L.1
  • 71
    • 0026308092 scopus 로고
    • Experimental evidence for food limitation of egg production in gulls
    • Hiom L., Bolton M., Monaghan P. & Worrall D. 1991. Experimental evidence for food limitation of egg production in gulls. Ornis Scand. 22: 94-97.
    • (1991) Ornis Scand , vol.22 , pp. 94-97
    • Hiom, L.1    Bolton, M.2    Monaghan, P.3    Worrall, D.4
  • 72
    • 0023470870 scopus 로고
    • Food shortage for breeding black-billed magpies (Pica pica): An experiment using supplemental food
    • Hochachka W.M. 1987. Food shortage for breeding black-billed magpies (Pica pica): an experiment using supplemental food. Can. J. Zool. 65: 1270-1274.
    • (1987) Can. J. Zool , vol.65 , pp. 1270-1274
    • Hochachka, W.M.1
  • 73
    • 5344232148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating endogenous nutrient allocations to reproduction in redhead ducks: A dual isotope approach using delta D and delta C-13 measurements of female and egg tissues
    • Hobson K.A., Atwell L., Wassenaar L.I. & Yerkes T. 2004. Estimating endogenous nutrient allocations to reproduction in redhead ducks: a dual isotope approach using delta D and delta C-13 measurements of female and egg tissues. Funct. Ecol. 18: 737-745.
    • (2004) Funct. Ecol , vol.18 , pp. 737-745
    • Hobson, K.A.1    Atwell, L.2    Wassenaar, L.I.3    Yerkes, T.4
  • 74
    • 0030877191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using stable-isotope analysis to identify endogenous and exogenous sources of nutrients in eggs of migratory birds: Applications to Great Lakes contaminants research
    • Hobson K.A., Hughes K.D. & Ewins P.J. 1997. Using stable-isotope analysis to identify endogenous and exogenous sources of nutrients in eggs of migratory birds: applications to Great Lakes contaminants research. Auk 114: 467-478.
    • (1997) Auk , vol.114 , pp. 467-478
    • Hobson, K.A.1    Hughes, K.D.2    Ewins, P.J.3
  • 75
    • 33645836070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using stable isotopes to quantitatively track endogenous and exogenous nutrient allocations to eggs of birds that travel to breed
    • Hobson K.A. 2006. Using stable isotopes to quantitatively track endogenous and exogenous nutrient allocations to eggs of birds that travel to breed. Ardea 94: 359-369.
    • (2006) Ardea , vol.94 , pp. 359-369
    • Hobson, K.A.1
  • 76
    • 0019296109 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of clutch size in birds: Adaptive variation in relation to territory quality
    • Högstedt G. 1980. Evolution of clutch size in birds: adaptive variation in relation to territory quality. Science 210: 1148-1150.
    • (1980) Science , vol.210 , pp. 1148-1150
    • Högstedt, G.1
  • 77
    • 0001430957 scopus 로고
    • Effect of additional food on reproductive success in the magpie (Pica pica)
    • Högstedt G. 1981. Effect of additional food on reproductive success in the magpie (Pica pica). J. Anim. Ecol. 50: 219-229.
    • (1981) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.50 , pp. 219-229
    • Högstedt, G.1
  • 78
    • 0032941830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of supplementary feeding on territoriality, breeding success and survival in pheasants
    • Hoodless A.N., Draycott R.A.H., Ludiman M.N. & Robertson P.A. 1999. Effects of supplementary feeding on territoriality, breeding success and survival in pheasants. J. Appl. Ecol. 36: 147-156.
    • (1999) J. Appl. Ecol , vol.36 , pp. 147-156
    • Hoodless, A.N.1    Draycott, R.A.H.2    Ludiman, M.N.3    Robertson, P.A.4
  • 79
    • 0025204985 scopus 로고
    • The effect of food on laying date and clutch size in Tengmalm's owl Aegolius funereus
    • Hörnfeldt B. & Eklund U. 1990. The effect of food on laying date and clutch size in Tengmalm's owl Aegolius funereus. Ibis 132: 395-406.
    • (1990) Ibis , vol.132 , pp. 395-406
    • Hörnfeldt, B.1    Eklund, U.2
  • 80
    • 0021541583 scopus 로고
    • Food supply and egg mass variation in the European coot
    • Horsfall J.A. 1984. Food supply and egg mass variation in the European coot. Ecology 65: 89-95.
    • (1984) Ecology , vol.65 , pp. 89-95
    • Horsfall, J.A.1
  • 81
    • 0002384665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional constraints on breeding in birds
    • Adams N.J. & Slotow R.H, eds, Congr. Durban:, BirdLife South Africa, Johannesburg
    • nd Int. Ornithol. Congr. Durban: 52-66. BirdLife South Africa, Johannesburg.
    • (1998) nd Int. Ornithol , pp. 52-66
    • Houston, D.C.1
  • 82
    • 84985359518 scopus 로고
    • The effect of female body condition on egg laying in lesser black-backed gulls Larus fuscus
    • Houston D.C., P.J. Jones P.J. & Sibly R.M. 1983. The effect of female body condition on egg laying in lesser black-backed gulls Larus fuscus. J. Zool. 200: 509-520.
    • (1983) J. Zool , vol.200 , pp. 509-520
    • Houston, D.C.P.J.1    Jones, P.J.2    Sibly, R.M.3
  • 83
    • 0028974291 scopus 로고
    • The source of nutrients required for egg production in zebra finches Poephila guttata
    • Houston D.C., Donnan D. & Jones P.J. 1995a. The source of nutrients required for egg production in zebra finches Poephila guttata. J. Zool. 235: 469-483.
    • (1995) J. Zool , vol.235 , pp. 469-483
    • Houston, D.C.1    Donnan, D.2    Jones, P.J.3
  • 84
    • 85005722899 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the muscle condition of female zebra finches Poephila guttata during egg laying and the role of protein storage in bird skeletal muscle
    • Houston D.C., Donnan D., Jones P.J., Hamilton I. & Osborne D. 1995b. Changes in the muscle condition of female zebra finches Poephila guttata during egg laying and the role of protein storage in bird skeletal muscle. Ibis 137: 322-328.
    • (1995) Ibis , vol.137 , pp. 322-328
    • Houston, D.C.1    Donnan, D.2    Jones, P.J.3    Hamilton, I.4    Osborne, D.5
  • 85
    • 0000861207 scopus 로고
    • Use of labelled methionine to investigate the contribution of muscle proteins to egg production in zebra finches
    • Houston D.C., Donnan D. & Jones P.J. 1995c. Use of labelled methionine to investigate the contribution of muscle proteins to egg production in zebra finches. J. Comp. Physiol. B 165: 161-164.
    • (1995) J. Comp. Physiol. B , vol.165 , pp. 161-164
    • Houston, D.C.1    Donnan, D.2    Jones, P.J.3
  • 86
    • 0033982716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine control of life-cycle stages: A constraint on response to the environment
    • Jacobs J.D. & Wingfleld J.C. 2000. Endocrine control of life-cycle stages: a constraint on response to the environment. Condor 102: 35-51.
    • (2000) Condor , vol.102 , pp. 35-51
    • Jacobs, J.D.1    Wingfleld, J.C.2
  • 87
    • 0029668505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of supplemental calcium on the reproductive output of a small passerine bird, the house wren (Troglodytes aedon)
    • Johnson L.S. & Barclay R.M.R. 1996. Effects of supplemental calcium on the reproductive output of a small passerine bird, the house wren (Troglodytes aedon). Can. J. Zool. 74: 278-282.
    • (1996) Can. J. Zool , vol.74 , pp. 278-282
    • Johnson, L.S.1    Barclay, R.M.R.2
  • 88
    • 84991125119 scopus 로고
    • Muscle protein loss in laying house sparrows Passer domesticus
    • Jones M.M. 1991. Muscle protein loss in laying house sparrows Passer domesticus. Ibis 133: 193-198.
    • (1991) Ibis , vol.133 , pp. 193-198
    • Jones, M.M.1
  • 89
    • 84985100158 scopus 로고
    • The level of reserve protein as the proximate factor controlling the timing of breeding and clutch size in the red-billed quelea Quelea quelea
    • Jones P.J. & Ward P. 1976. The level of reserve protein as the proximate factor controlling the timing of breeding and clutch size in the red-billed quelea Quelea quelea. Ibis 118: 547-574.
    • (1976) Ibis , vol.118 , pp. 547-574
    • Jones, P.J.1    Ward, P.2
  • 90
    • 84983912205 scopus 로고
    • Advancement of laying of the great tit by the provision of food
    • Källander H. 1974. Advancement of laying of the great tit by the provision of food. Ibis 116: 365-367.
    • (1974) Ibis , vol.116 , pp. 365-367
    • Källander, H.1
  • 91
    • 0027130843 scopus 로고
    • Supplemental food and laying date in the European starling
    • Källander H. & Karlsson J. 1993. Supplemental food and laying date in the European starling. Condor 95: 1031-1034.
    • (1993) Condor , vol.95 , pp. 1031-1034
    • Källander, H.1    Karlsson, J.2
  • 92
    • 8844240759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of experimentally increased egg production on female body condition and laying dates in the great skua
    • Kalmbach E., Griffiths R., Crane J.E. & Furness R.W. 2004. Effects of experimentally increased egg production on female body condition and laying dates in the great skua. J. Avian Biol. 35: 501-514.
    • (2004) J. Avian Biol , vol.35 , pp. 501-514
    • Kalmbach, E.1    Griffiths, R.2    Crane, J.E.3    Furness, R.W.4
  • 93
    • 0031401032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of food supplementation on the timing of nest initiation in belted kingfishers
    • Kelly J.F. & van Horne B. 1997. Effects of food supplementation on the timing of nest initiation in belted kingfishers. Ecology 78: 2504-2511.
    • (1997) Ecology , vol.78 , pp. 2504-2511
    • Kelly, J.F.1    van Horne, B.2
  • 94
    • 84981988603 scopus 로고
    • A protein reserve in the pectoralis major flight muscle of Quelea quelea
    • Kendall M.D., Ward P. & Bacchus S. 1973. A protein reserve in the pectoralis major flight muscle of Quelea quelea. Ibis 115: 300-601.
    • (1973) Ibis , vol.115 , pp. 300-601
    • Kendall, M.D.1    Ward, P.2    Bacchus, S.3
  • 95
    • 0002999820 scopus 로고
    • Avian Energetics
    • Pinowski J. & Kendeigh S.C, eds, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Kendeigh S.C., Dolnik V.R. & Gavrilov V.M. 1977. Avian Energetics. In: Pinowski J. & Kendeigh S.C. (eds) Granivorous Birds in Ecosystems: 127-203. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1977) Granivorous Birds in Ecosystems , pp. 127-203
    • Kendeigh, S.C.1    Dolnik, V.R.2    Gavrilov, V.M.3
  • 96
    • 0032837641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation, exaptation, and constraint: A hormonal perspective
    • Ketterson E.D. & Nolan V. 1999. Adaptation, exaptation, and constraint: a hormonal perspective. Am. Nat. 154: S4-S25.
    • (1999) Am. Nat , vol.154
    • Ketterson, E.D.1    Nolan, V.2
  • 97
    • 0002793773 scopus 로고
    • Energetics of reproduction in birds
    • Farner D.S, ed, National Academy of Sciences, Washington
    • King J.R. 1973. Energetics of reproduction in birds. In: Farner D.S. (ed) Breeding biology of birds: 77-107. National Academy of Sciences, Washington.
    • (1973) Breeding biology of birds , pp. 77-107
    • King, J.R.1
  • 99
    • 0002613078 scopus 로고
    • Effects of supplemental food on the breeding biology of the black-billed magpie
    • Knight R.L. 1988. Effects of supplemental food on the breeding biology of the black-billed magpie. Condor 90: 956-958.
    • (1988) Condor , vol.90 , pp. 956-958
    • Knight, R.L.1
  • 100
    • 0024525689 scopus 로고
    • Breeding performance of Tengmalm's owl Aegolius funereus: Effects of supplementary feeding in a peak vole year
    • Korpimäki E. 1989. Breeding performance of Tengmalm's owl Aegolius funereus: effects of supplementary feeding in a peak vole year. Ibis 131: 51-56.
    • (1989) Ibis , vol.131 , pp. 51-56
    • Korpimäki, E.1
  • 101
    • 0000114530 scopus 로고
    • Breeding stress of female eiders in Maine
    • Korschgen C.E. 1977. Breeding stress of female eiders in Maine. J. Wildl. Manage. 41: 360-373.
    • (1977) J. Wildl. Manage , vol.41 , pp. 360-373
    • Korschgen, C.E.1
  • 102
    • 0002860306 scopus 로고
    • Territory and breeding density in the great tit, Parus major L
    • Krebs J.R. 1971. Territory and breeding density in the great tit, Parus major L. Ecology 52: 2-22.
    • (1971) Ecology , vol.52 , pp. 2-22
    • Krebs, J.R.1
  • 103
    • 0036063544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired flight ability - a cost of reproduction in female blue tits
    • Kullberg C., Houston D.C. & Metcalfe N.B. 2002. Impaired flight ability - a cost of reproduction in female blue tits. Behav. Ecol. 13: 575-579.
    • (2002) Behav. Ecol , vol.13 , pp. 575-579
    • Kullberg, C.1    Houston, D.C.2    Metcalfe, N.B.3
  • 104
    • 16844383771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired flight ability prior to egg-laying: A cost of being a capital breeder
    • Kullberg C., Jacobsson S., Kaby U. & Lind J. 2005. Impaired flight ability prior to egg-laying: a cost of being a capital breeder. Funct. Ecol. 19: 98-101.
    • (2005) Funct. Ecol , vol.19 , pp. 98-101
    • Kullberg, C.1    Jacobsson, S.2    Kaby, U.3    Lind, J.4
  • 105
    • 83355163064 scopus 로고
    • The significance of clutch size
    • Lack D. 1947. The significance of clutch size. Ibis 89: 302-352.
    • (1947) Ibis , vol.89 , pp. 302-352
    • Lack, D.1
  • 106
    • 0035214787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of mineral sequestration in leg bones of white-tailed ptarmigan
    • Larison J.R., Crock J.G. & Snow C.M. 2001. Timing of mineral sequestration in leg bones of white-tailed ptarmigan. Auk 118: 1057-1062.
    • (2001) Auk , vol.118 , pp. 1057-1062
    • Larison, J.R.1    Crock, J.G.2    Snow, C.M.3
  • 107
    • 0030456244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction in escape performance as a cost of reproduction in gravid starlings, Sturnus vulgaris
    • Lee S.J., Witter M.S., Cuthill I.C. & Goldsmith A.R. 1996. Reduction in escape performance as a cost of reproduction in gravid starlings, Sturnus vulgaris. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 263: 619-624.
    • (1996) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.263 , pp. 619-624
    • Lee, S.J.1    Witter, M.S.2    Cuthill, I.C.3    Goldsmith, A.R.4
  • 108
    • 0030207237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal transfer of IgG antibodies and development of IgG antibody response by blue and gold macaw chicks (Ara ararauna)
    • Lung N.P., Thompson J.P., Kollias G.V., Olsen J.H., Zdziarski J.A. & Klein P.A. 1996. Maternal transfer of IgG antibodies and development of IgG antibody response by blue and gold macaw chicks (Ara ararauna). Am. J. Vet. Res. 57: 1157-1161.
    • (1996) Am. J. Vet. Res , vol.57 , pp. 1157-1161
    • Lung, N.P.1    Thompson, J.P.2    Kollias, G.V.3    Olsen, J.H.4    Zdziarski, J.A.5    Klein, P.A.6
  • 109
    • 0036065023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in annual and seasonal survival of pink-footed geese Anser brachyrhynchus
    • Madsen J., Fredriksen M. & Ganter B. 2002. Trends in annual and seasonal survival of pink-footed geese Anser brachyrhynchus. Ibis 144: 218-226.
    • (2002) Ibis , vol.144 , pp. 218-226
    • Madsen, J.1    Fredriksen, M.2    Ganter, B.3
  • 110
    • 0032484083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking winter and summer events in a migratory bird using stable carbon isotopes
    • Marra P.P., Hobson K.A. & Holmes R.T. 1998. Linking winter and summer events in a migratory bird using stable carbon isotopes. Science 282: 1884-1886.
    • (1998) Science , vol.282 , pp. 1884-1886
    • Marra, P.P.1    Hobson, K.A.2    Holmes, R.T.3
  • 111
    • 0037460214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune activity elevates energy expenditure of house sparrows: A link between direct and indirect costs?
    • Martin L.B. II, Scheuerlein A. & Wikelski M. 2003. Immune activity elevates energy expenditure of house sparrows: a link between direct and indirect costs? Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 270: 153-158.
    • (2003) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.270 , pp. 153-158
    • Martin II, L.B.1    Scheuerlein, A.2    Wikelski, M.3
  • 112
    • 2942617260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Avian life-history evolution has an eminent past: Does it have a bright future?
    • Martin T.E. 2004. Avian life-history evolution has an eminent past: does it have a bright future? Auk 121: 289-301.
    • (2004) Auk , vol.121 , pp. 289-301
    • Martin, T.E.1
  • 113
    • 0033306653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of energy, fat, and protein reserves by breeding great black-backed gulls
    • Mawhinney K., Diamond A.W. & Kehoe F.P. 1999. The use of energy, fat, and protein reserves by breeding great black-backed gulls. Can. J. Zool. 77: 1459-1464.
    • (1999) Can. J. Zool , vol.77 , pp. 1459-1464
    • Mawhinney, K.1    Diamond, A.W.2    Kehoe, F.P.3
  • 114
    • 0027043799 scopus 로고
    • Egg-laying patterns in captive starlings
    • Meijer T. 1992. Egg-laying patterns in captive starlings. Ardea 80: 301-310.
    • (1992) Ardea , vol.80 , pp. 301-310
    • Meijer, T.1
  • 115
    • 0001754264 scopus 로고
    • Female condition and reproduction: Effects of food manipulation in free living and captive kestrels
    • Meijer T., Daan S. & Dijkstra C. 1988. Female condition and reproduction: effects of food manipulation in free living and captive kestrels. Ardea 76: 141-154.
    • (1988) Ardea , vol.76 , pp. 141-154
    • Meijer, T.1    Daan, S.2    Dijkstra, C.3
  • 116
    • 0032789138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-examination of the capital and income dichotomy in breeding birds
    • Meijer T. & Drent R.H. 1999. Re-examination of the capital and income dichotomy in breeding birds. Ibis 141: 339-414.
    • (1999) Ibis , vol.141 , pp. 339-414
    • Meijer, T.1    Drent, R.H.2
  • 117
    • 0028797579 scopus 로고
    • Egg production constraints and the evolution of avian clutch size
    • Monaghan P., Bolton M. & Houston D.C. 1995. Egg production constraints and the evolution of avian clutch size. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 259: 189-191.
    • (1995) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.259 , pp. 189-191
    • Monaghan, P.1    Bolton, M.2    Houston, D.C.3
  • 119
    • 0031285085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why don't birds lay more eggs?
    • Monaghan P. & Nager R.G. 1997. Why don't birds lay more eggs? Trends Ecol. Evol. 12: 270-274.
    • (1997) Trends Ecol. Evol , vol.12 , pp. 270-274
    • Monaghan, P.1    Nager, R.G.2
  • 120
    • 0032558395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The price of eggs: Increased investment in egg production reduces the offspring rearing capacity of parents
    • Monaghan P., Nager R.G. & Houston D.C. 1998. The price of eggs: increased investment in egg production reduces the offspring rearing capacity of parents. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 265: 1731-1735.
    • (1998) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.265 , pp. 1731-1735
    • Monaghan, P.1    Nager, R.G.2    Houston, D.C.3
  • 121
    • 18844432560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transformation at high latitudes: Why do red knots bring body stores to the breeding grounds?
    • Morrison R.I.G., Davidson N.C. & Piersma T. 2005. Transformation at high latitudes: why do red knots bring body stores to the breeding grounds? Condor 107: 449-457.
    • (2005) Condor , vol.107 , pp. 449-457
    • Morrison, R.I.G.1    Davidson, N.C.2    Piersma, T.3
  • 122
    • 1142274741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of body stores after arrival on high-Arctic breeding grounds
    • Morrison R.I.G. & Hobson K.A. 2004. Use of body stores after arrival on high-Arctic breeding grounds. Auk 121: 333-344.
    • (2004) Auk , vol.121 , pp. 333-344
    • Morrison, R.I.G.1    Hobson, K.A.2
  • 123
    • 5344244804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal antibody transmission and breeding densities in the black-headed gull Larus ridibundus
    • Müller W., Groothuis T.G.G., Dijkstra C., Siitari H. & Alatalo R.V. 2004. Maternal antibody transmission and breeding densities in the black-headed gull Larus ridibundus. Funct. Ecol. 18: 719-724.
    • (2004) Funct. Ecol , vol.18 , pp. 719-724
    • Müller, W.1    Groothuis, T.G.G.2    Dijkstra, C.3    Siitari, H.4    Alatalo, R.V.5
  • 124
    • 0001781839 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid compositions of avian tissues: Nutritional implications
    • Murphy M.E. 1994. Amino acid compositions of avian tissues: nutritional implications. J. Avian Biol. 25: 27-38.
    • (1994) J. Avian Biol , vol.25 , pp. 27-38
    • Murphy, M.E.1
  • 125
    • 0030803541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrient or energy limitation on egg formation: A feeding experiment in great tits
    • Nager R.G., Rüegger C. & van Noordwijk A.J. 1997. Nutrient or energy limitation on egg formation: a feeding experiment in great tits. J. Anim. Ecol. 66: 495-507.
    • (1997) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.66 , pp. 495-507
    • Nager, R.G.1    Rüegger, C.2    van Noordwijk, A.J.3
  • 127
    • 0033949171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Within-clutch trade-offs between the number and quality of eggs: Experimental manipulations in gulls
    • Nager R.G., Monaghan P. & Houston D.C. 2000a. Within-clutch trade-offs between the number and quality of eggs: experimental manipulations in gulls. Ecology 81: 1339-1350.
    • (2000) Ecology , vol.81 , pp. 1339-1350
    • Nager, R.G.1    Monaghan, P.2    Houston, D.C.3
  • 128
    • 0033646395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parental condition, brood sex ratio and differential young survival: An experimental study in gulls (Larus fuscus)
    • Nager R.G., Monaghan P., Houston D.C. & Genovart M. 2000b. Parental condition, brood sex ratio and differential young survival: an experimental study in gulls (Larus fuscus). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 48: 452-457.
    • (2000) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol , vol.48 , pp. 452-457
    • Nager, R.G.1    Monaghan, P.2    Houston, D.C.3    Genovart, M.4
  • 129
    • 0034992467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cost of egg production: Increased egg production reduces future fitness in gulls
    • Nager R.G., Monaghan P. & Houston D.C. 2001. The cost of egg production: increased egg production reduces future fitness in gulls. J. Avian Biol. 32: 159-166.
    • (2001) J. Avian Biol , vol.32 , pp. 159-166
    • Nager, R.G.1    Monaghan, P.2    Houston, D.C.3
  • 130
    • 0028977004 scopus 로고
    • Effects of supplemental feeding and female age on timing of breeding in the alpine accentor Prunella collaris
    • Nakamura M. 1995. Effects of supplemental feeding and female age on timing of breeding in the alpine accentor Prunella collaris. Ibis 137: 56-63.
    • (1995) Ibis , vol.137 , pp. 56-63
    • Nakamura, M.1
  • 131
    • 0000441111 scopus 로고
    • Effect of additional food on laying dates and clutch sizes of sparrowhawks
    • Newton I. & Marquiss M. 1981. Effect of additional food on laying dates and clutch sizes of sparrowhawks. Ornis Scand. 12: 225-229.
    • (1981) Ornis Scand , vol.12 , pp. 225-229
    • Newton, I.1    Marquiss, M.2
  • 132
    • 0026302684 scopus 로고
    • Clutch-size determination in the marsh tit (Parus palustris)
    • Nilsson J-Å. 1991. Clutch-size determination in the marsh tit (Parus palustris). Ecology 72: 1757-1762.
    • (1991) Ecology , vol.72 , pp. 1757-1762
    • Nilsson, J.-A.R.I.N.G.1
  • 133
    • 0028173784 scopus 로고
    • Energetic bottle-necks and the reproductive cost of being early
    • Nilsson J-Å. 1994. Energetic bottle-necks and the reproductive cost of being early. J. Anim. Ecol. 63: 200-208.
    • (1994) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.63 , pp. 200-208
    • Nilsson, J.-A.R.I.N.G.1
  • 134
    • 0034886571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The resting metabolic cost of egg laying and nestling feeding in great tits
    • Nilsson J-Å & Råberg L. 2001. The resting metabolic cost of egg laying and nestling feeding in great tits. Oecologia 128: 187-192.
    • (2001) Oecologia , vol.128 , pp. 187-192
    • Nilsson, J.-A.R.I.N.G.1    Råberg, L.2
  • 135
    • 0027526724 scopus 로고
    • Energy constraints and ultimate decisions during egg laying in the blue tit
    • Nilsson J-Å. & Svensson E. 1993. Energy constraints and ultimate decisions during egg laying in the blue tit. Ecology 74: 244-251.
    • (1993) Ecology , vol.74 , pp. 244-251
    • Nilsson, J.-A.R.I.N.G.1    Svensson, E.2
  • 136
    • 0029948987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clutch size and malaria resistance
    • Oppliger A., Christe P. & Richner H. 1996. Clutch size and malaria resistance. Nature 381: 565-565.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.381 , pp. 565-565
    • Oppliger, A.1    Christe, P.2    Richner, H.3
  • 137
    • 0031044083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Songbirds do not create long-term stores of calcium in their legs prior to laying: Results from high-resolution radiography
    • Pahl R., Winkler D.W., Graveland J. & Batterman B.W. 1997. Songbirds do not create long-term stores of calcium in their legs prior to laying: results from high-resolution radiography. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 264: 239-244.
    • (1997) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.264 , pp. 239-244
    • Pahl, R.1    Winkler, D.W.2    Graveland, J.3    Batterman, B.W.4
  • 138
    • 0001209181 scopus 로고
    • Factors determining the number and size of eggs laid by the herring gull
    • Parsons J. 1976. Factors determining the number and size of eggs laid by the herring gull. Condor 78: 481-492.
    • (1976) Condor , vol.78 , pp. 481-492
    • Parsons, J.1
  • 139
    • 0029749629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eggs, egg formation and the timing of breeding
    • Perrins C.M. 1996. Eggs, egg formation and the timing of breeding. Ibis 138: 2-15.
    • (1996) Ibis , vol.138 , pp. 2-15
    • Perrins, C.M.1
  • 140
    • 0031106984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid reversible changes in organ size as a component of adaptive behaviour
    • Piersma T. & Lindström A. 1997. Rapid reversible changes in organ size as a component of adaptive behaviour. Trends Ecol. Evol. 12: 134-138.
    • (1997) Trends Ecol. Evol , vol.12 , pp. 134-138
    • Piersma, T.1    Lindström, A.2
  • 141
    • 0033757553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baseline corticosterone peaks in shorebirds with maximal stores for migration: A general preparatory mechanisms for rapid behavioural and metabolic transitions?
    • Piersma T., Reneerkens J. & Ramenofsky M. 2000. Baseline corticosterone peaks in shorebirds with maximal stores for migration: a general preparatory mechanisms for rapid behavioural and metabolic transitions? Gen. Comp. Endocr. 120: 118-126.
    • (2000) Gen. Comp. Endocr , vol.120 , pp. 118-126
    • Piersma, T.1    Reneerkens, J.2    Ramenofsky, M.3
  • 142
    • 0000725196 scopus 로고
    • Courtship feeding and osprey reproduction
    • Poole A. 1985. Courtship feeding and osprey reproduction. Auk 102: 479-492.
    • (1985) Auk , vol.102 , pp. 479-492
    • Poole, A.1
  • 143
    • 0013214458 scopus 로고
    • Food availability and reproduction by great white herons, Ardea herodias: A food addition study
    • Powell G.V.N. 1983. Food availability and reproduction by great white herons, Ardea herodias: a food addition study. Col. Waterbirds 6: 139-147.
    • (1983) Col. Waterbirds , vol.6 , pp. 139-147
    • Powell, G.V.N.1
  • 144
    • 0030868080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional constraints on egg production in the blue tit: A supplementary feeding study
    • Ramsay S.L. & Houston D.C. 1997. Nutritional constraints on egg production in the blue tit: a supplementary feeding study. J. Anim. Ecol. 66: 649-657.
    • (1997) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.66 , pp. 649-657
    • Ramsay, S.L.1    Houston, D.C.2
  • 145
    • 0032493837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of dietary amino acid composition on egg production in blue tits
    • Ramsay S.L. & Houston D.C. 1998. The effect of dietary amino acid composition on egg production in blue tits. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 265: 1401-1405.
    • (1998) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.265 , pp. 1401-1405
    • Ramsay, S.L.1    Houston, D.C.2
  • 146
    • 0033480584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do acid rain and calcium supply limit eggshell formation for blue tits (Parus caeruleus) in the UK?
    • Ramsay S.L. & Houston D.C. 1999. Do acid rain and calcium supply limit eggshell formation for blue tits (Parus caeruleus) in the UK? J. Zool. 247: 121-125.
    • (1999) J. Zool , vol.247 , pp. 121-125
    • Ramsay, S.L.1    Houston, D.C.2
  • 147
    • 0000708486 scopus 로고
    • The annual cycle of body composition of Canada Geese with special reference to control of reproduction
    • Raveling D.G. 1979. The annual cycle of body composition of Canada Geese with special reference to control of reproduction. Auk 96: 234-252.
    • (1979) Auk , vol.96 , pp. 234-252
    • Raveling, D.G.1
  • 149
    • 0003039202 scopus 로고
    • Constraints on clutch size in the glaucous-winged gull
    • Reid W.V. 1987. Constraints on clutch size in the glaucous-winged gull. Stud. Avian Biol. 10: 8-25.
    • (1987) Stud. Avian Biol , vol.10 , pp. 8-25
    • Reid, W.V.1
  • 150
    • 0035081608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of low dietary calcium during egg-laying on eggshell formation and skeletal calcium reserves in the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata
    • Reynolds S.J. 2001 The effects of low dietary calcium during egg-laying on eggshell formation and skeletal calcium reserves in the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata. Ibis 143: 205-215.
    • (2001) Ibis , vol.143 , pp. 205-215
    • Reynolds, S.J.1
  • 151
    • 0037227090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reynolds S.J. 2003. Mineral retention, medullary bone formation, and reproduction in the white-tailed ptarmigan (Lagopus leucurus): A critique of Larison et al. (2001). Auk 120: 224-228.
    • Reynolds S.J. 2003. Mineral retention, medullary bone formation, and reproduction in the white-tailed ptarmigan (Lagopus leucurus): A critique of Larison et al. (2001). Auk 120: 224-228.
  • 152
    • 0032965486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body water dynamics at the onset of laying in the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata
    • Reynolds S.J. & Waldron S. 1999. Body water dynamics at the onset of laying in the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata. J. Avian Biol. 30: 1-6.
    • (1999) J. Avian Biol , vol.30 , pp. 1-6
    • Reynolds, S.J.1    Waldron, S.2
  • 153
    • 0037291347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional quality of pre-breeding diet influences breeding performance of the Florida scrub jay
    • Reynolds S.J., Schoech S.J. & Bowman R. 2003. Nutritional quality of pre-breeding diet influences breeding performance of the Florida scrub jay. Oecologia 134: 308-316.
    • (2003) Oecologia , vol.134 , pp. 308-316
    • Reynolds, S.J.1    Schoech, S.J.2    Bowman, R.3
  • 154
    • 0001638030 scopus 로고
    • Energetics of reproduction in birds
    • Paynter R.A, ed, Publ. Nuttall Ornithol. Club, Cambridge, Massachusetts
    • Ricklefs R.E. 1974. Energetics of reproduction in birds. In: Paynter R.A. (ed) Avian Energetics: 152-292. Publ. Nuttall Ornithol. Club, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
    • (1974) Avian Energetics , pp. 152-292
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1
  • 155
    • 0000189115 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the relative protein cost of reproduction in birds
    • Robbins C.T. 1981 Estimation of the relative protein cost of reproduction in birds. Condor 83: 177-179.
    • (1981) Condor , vol.83 , pp. 177-179
    • Robbins, C.T.1
  • 157
    • 0034502725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How costly is clutch formation in the Audouin's gull Larus audouinii?
    • Ruiz X., Jover L., Pedrocchi V., Oro D. & Gonzàles-Solis J. 2000. How costly is clutch formation in the Audouin's gull Larus audouinii? J. Avian Biol. 31: 567-575.
    • (2000) J. Avian Biol , vol.31 , pp. 567-575
    • Ruiz, X.1    Jover, L.2    Pedrocchi, V.3    Oro, D.4    Gonzàles-Solis, J.5
  • 158
    • 0001916925 scopus 로고
    • A possible factor in the evolution of clutch size in Ross' Goose
    • Ryder J.P. 1970. A possible factor in the evolution of clutch size in Ross' Goose. Wilson Bulletin 82: 5-13.
    • (1970) Wilson Bulletin , vol.82 , pp. 5-13
    • Ryder, J.P.1
  • 159
    • 0036712611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early maternal effects and antimicrobial immune factors in the eggs, nestlings and adults of the barn swallow
    • Saino N., Dall'Ara P., Martinelli R. & Møller A.P. 2002. Early maternal effects and antimicrobial immune factors in the eggs, nestlings and adults of the barn swallow. J. Evol. Biol. 15: 735-743.
    • (2002) J. Evol. Biol , vol.15 , pp. 735-743
    • Saino, N.1    Dall'Ara, P.2    Martinelli, R.3    Møller, A.P.4
  • 160
    • 0345059746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental manipulation of egg carotenoids affects immunity of barn swallow nestlings
    • Saino N., Ferrari R.P., Romano M., Martinelli R. & Møller A.P. 2003. Experimental manipulation of egg carotenoids affects immunity of barn swallow nestlings. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 270: 2485-2489.
    • (2003) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.270 , pp. 2485-2489
    • Saino, N.1    Ferrari, R.P.2    Romano, M.3    Martinelli, R.4    Møller, A.P.5
  • 161
    • 0028854714 scopus 로고
    • Experimentally induced clutch size enlargements affect reproductive success in the pied flycatcher
    • Sanz J.J. & Moreno J. 1995. Experimentally induced clutch size enlargements affect reproductive success in the pied flycatcher. Oecologia 103: 358-364.
    • (1995) Oecologia , vol.103 , pp. 358-364
    • Sanz, J.J.1    Moreno, J.2
  • 162
    • 0029831035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schoech S.J. 1996. The effect of supplemental food on body condition and the timing of reproduction in a cooperative breeder, the Florida Scrub Jay. Condor 98: 234-244.
    • Schoech S.J. 1996. The effect of supplemental food on body condition and the timing of reproduction in a cooperative breeder, the Florida Scrub Jay. Condor 98: 234-244.
  • 163
    • 0026284427 scopus 로고
    • The effect of energy reserves on breeding schedule: Is there a saturation point?
    • Schultz E.T. 1991. The effect of energy reserves on breeding schedule: is there a saturation point? Funct. Ecol. 5: 819-824.
    • (1991) Funct. Ecol , vol.5 , pp. 819-824
    • Schultz, E.T.1
  • 164
    • 0002166875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal steroid hormones in the egg
    • Harvey S. & Etches R.J, eds, Journal of Endocrinology Ltd, Bristol
    • Schwabl H. 1997. Maternal steroid hormones in the egg. In: Harvey S. & Etches R.J. (eds) Perspectives in avian endocrinology: 3-13. Journal of Endocrinology Ltd, Bristol.
    • (1997) Perspectives in avian endocrinology , pp. 3-13
    • Schwabl, H.1
  • 165
    • 0030428155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of pre-breeding diet on reproductive output in zebra finches
    • Selman R.G. & Houston D.C. 1996a. The effect of pre-breeding diet on reproductive output in zebra finches. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 263: 1585-1588.
    • (1996) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.263 , pp. 1585-1588
    • Selman, R.G.1    Houston, D.C.2
  • 166
    • 0000557398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new technique for measuring lean pectoral muscle mass in live small birds
    • Selman R.G. & Houston D.C. 1996b. A new technique for measuring lean pectoral muscle mass in live small birds. Ibis 138: 348-350.
    • (1996) Ibis , vol.138 , pp. 348-350
    • Selman, R.G.1    Houston, D.C.2
  • 168
    • 0001735454 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive effort, as expressed in body weight and organ weights, in the pied flycatcher
    • Silverin B. 1981. Reproductive effort, as expressed in body weight and organ weights, in the pied flycatcher. Ornis Scand. 12: 133-139.
    • (1981) Ornis Scand , vol.12 , pp. 133-139
    • Silverin, B.1
  • 169
    • 0027869333 scopus 로고
    • Effects of supplementary food on density-reduced breeding in an African eagle: Adaptive restraint or ecological constraint?
    • Simmons R.E. 1993. Effects of supplementary food on density-reduced breeding in an African eagle: adaptive restraint or ecological constraint? Ibis 135: 394-402.
    • (1993) Ibis , vol.135 , pp. 394-402
    • Simmons, R.E.1
  • 170
    • 0028163591 scopus 로고
    • Supplemental food alters egg size hierarchies within harrier clutches
    • Simmons R.E. 1994. Supplemental food alters egg size hierarchies within harrier clutches. Oikos 71: 341-348.
    • (1994) Oikos , vol.71 , pp. 341-348
    • Simmons, R.E.1
  • 171
    • 0030417216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disappearance of female pied flycatchers in relation to breeding stage and experimentally induced moult
    • Slagsvold T. & Dale S. 1996. Disappearance of female pied flycatchers in relation to breeding stage and experimentally induced moult. Ecology 77: 461-471.
    • (1996) Ecology , vol.77 , pp. 461-471
    • Slagsvold, T.1    Dale, S.2
  • 172
    • 0000204711 scopus 로고
    • A winter feeding experiment on an island song sparrow population
    • Smith J.N.M., Montgomerie R.D., Taitt M.J. & Yom-Tov Y. 1980. A winter feeding experiment on an island song sparrow population. Oecologia 47: 164-170.
    • (1980) Oecologia , vol.47 , pp. 164-170
    • Smith, J.N.M.1    Montgomerie, R.D.2    Taitt, M.J.3    Yom-Tov, Y.4
  • 173
    • 0028143431 scopus 로고
    • Maternal transfer of antibodies induced by infection with Eimeria maxima partially protects chickens against challenge with Eimeria tenella
    • Smith N.C., Wallach M., Petracca M., Braun R. & Eckert J. 1994. Maternal transfer of antibodies induced by infection with Eimeria maxima partially protects chickens against challenge with Eimeria tenella. Parasitology 109: 551-557.
    • (1994) Parasitology , vol.109 , pp. 551-557
    • Smith, N.C.1    Wallach, M.2    Petracca, M.3    Braun, R.4    Eckert, J.5
  • 174
    • 0037293616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arrival fat and reproductive performance in a long-distance passerine migrant
    • Smith R.J. & Moore F.R. 2003. Arrival fat and reproductive performance in a long-distance passerine migrant. Oecologia 134: 325-331.
    • (2003) Oecologia , vol.134 , pp. 325-331
    • Smith, R.J.1    Moore, F.R.2
  • 175
    • 0029662639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of experimental food provisioning on reproduction in the jackdaw Corvus monedula, a semi-colonial species
    • Soler M. & Soler J.J. 1996. Effects of experimental food provisioning on reproduction in the jackdaw Corvus monedula, a semi-colonial species. Ibis 138: 377-383.
    • (1996) Ibis , vol.138 , pp. 377-383
    • Soler, M.1    Soler, J.J.2
  • 176
    • 0034720950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and constraints on breeding
    • Stevenson I.R. & Bryant D.M. 2000. Climate change and constraints on breeding. Nature 406: 366-367.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.406 , pp. 366-367
    • Stevenson, I.R.1    Bryant, D.M.2
  • 177
    • 0035068072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Captivity diets alter egg yolk lipids of a bird of prey (the American kestrel) and of a Galliforme (the red-legged partridge)
    • Surai P.F., Speake B.K., Bortolotti G.R. & Negro J.J. 2001a. Captivity diets alter egg yolk lipids of a bird of prey (the American kestrel) and of a Galliforme (the red-legged partridge). Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 74: 153-160.
    • (2001) Physiol. Biochem. Zool , vol.74 , pp. 153-160
    • Surai, P.F.1    Speake, B.K.2    Bortolotti, G.R.3    Negro, J.J.4
  • 178
    • 0034765023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of piscivory on the fatty acid profiles and antioxidants of avian yolk: Studies on eggs of the gannet, skua, pelican and cormorant
    • Surai P.F., Bortolotti G.R., Fidgett A.L., Blount J.D. & Speake B.K. 2001b. Effects of piscivory on the fatty acid profiles and antioxidants of avian yolk: studies on eggs of the gannet, skua, pelican and cormorant. J. Zool. 255: 305-312.
    • (2001) J. Zool , vol.255 , pp. 305-312
    • Surai, P.F.1    Bortolotti, G.R.2    Fidgett, A.L.3    Blount, J.D.4    Speake, B.K.5
  • 179
    • 0028810614 scopus 로고
    • Avian reproductive timing: When should parents be prudent?
    • Svensson E. 1995. Avian reproductive timing: when should parents be prudent? Anim. Behav. 49: 1559-1567.
    • (1995) Anim. Behav , vol.49 , pp. 1559-1567
    • Svensson, E.1
  • 180
    • 0028978304 scopus 로고
    • Food supply, territory quality, and reproductive timing in the blue tit (Parus caeruleus)
    • Svensson E. & Nilsson J-Å. 1995. Food supply, territory quality, and reproductive timing in the blue tit (Parus caeruleus). Ecology 76: 1804-1812.
    • (1995) Ecology , vol.76 , pp. 1804-1812
    • Svensson, E.1    Nilsson, J.-A.R.I.N.G.2
  • 181
    • 0034632856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology - Exercise and reduced muscle mass in starlings
    • Swaddle J.P. & Biewener A.A. 2000. Physiology - Exercise and reduced muscle mass in starlings. Nature 406: 585-586.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.406 , pp. 585-586
    • Swaddle, J.P.1    Biewener, A.A.2
  • 182
    • 0036945233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium shortage as a constraint on reproduction in great tits Parus major: A field experiment
    • Tilgar V., Mänd R. & Mägi M. 2002. Calcium shortage as a constraint on reproduction in great tits Parus major: a field experiment. J. Avian Biol. 33: 407-413.
    • (2002) J. Avian Biol , vol.33 , pp. 407-413
    • Tilgar, V.1    Mänd, R.2    Mägi, M.3
  • 183
    • 0028162974 scopus 로고
    • Parental energy expenditure during brood rearing in the great tit (Parus major) in relation to body mass, temperature, food availability and clutch size
    • Tinbergen J.M. & Dietz M.W. 1994. Parental energy expenditure during brood rearing in the great tit (Parus major) in relation to body mass, temperature, food availability and clutch size. Funct. Ecol. 8: 563-572.
    • (1994) Funct. Ecol , vol.8 , pp. 563-572
    • Tinbergen, J.M.1    Dietz, M.W.2
  • 185
    • 0030854264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food availability as a determinant of pairing behaviour in the European robin
    • Tobias J.A. 1997. Food availability as a determinant of pairing behaviour in the European robin. J. Anim. Ecol. 66: 629-639.
    • (1997) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.66 , pp. 629-639
    • Tobias, J.A.1
  • 186
    • 0001137475 scopus 로고
    • Changes in nutrient reserves and organ sizes of female ruddy ducks breeding in Manitoba
    • Tome M.W. 1984. Changes in nutrient reserves and organ sizes of female ruddy ducks breeding in Manitoba. Auk 101: 830-837.
    • (1984) Auk , vol.101 , pp. 830-837
    • Tome, M.W.1
  • 187
    • 3042804064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ectoparasite-modulated deposition of maternal androgens in great tit eggs
    • Tschirren B., Richner H. & Schwabl H. 2004. Ectoparasite-modulated deposition of maternal androgens in great tit eggs. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 271: 1371-1375.
    • (2004) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.271 , pp. 1371-1375
    • Tschirren, B.1    Richner, H.2    Schwabl, H.3
  • 188
    • 0000139549 scopus 로고
    • The impact of additional food provisioning on chick growth and breeding output in the herring gull Larus argentatus - a pilot experiment
    • van Klinken A. 1992. The impact of additional food provisioning on chick growth and breeding output in the herring gull Larus argentatus - a pilot experiment. Ardea 80: 151-155.
    • (1992) Ardea , vol.80 , pp. 151-155
    • van Klinken, A.1
  • 189
    • 0028975713 scopus 로고
    • Selection for the timing of great tit breeding in relation to caterpillar growth and temperature
    • van Noordwijk A.J., McCleery R. & Perrins C.M. 1995. Selection for the timing of great tit breeding in relation to caterpillar growth and temperature. J. Anim. Ecol. 64: 451-458.
    • (1995) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.64 , pp. 451-458
    • van Noordwijk, A.J.1    McCleery, R.2    Perrins, C.M.3
  • 190
    • 0034115070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flight muscle atrophy and predation risk in breeding birds
    • Veasey J.S., Houston D.C. & Metcalfe N.B. 2000. Flight muscle atrophy and predation risk in breeding birds. Funct. Ecol. 14: 115-121.
    • (2000) Funct. Ecol , vol.14 , pp. 115-121
    • Veasey, J.S.1    Houston, D.C.2    Metcalfe, N.B.3
  • 191
    • 0035084804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A hidden cost of reproduction: The trade-off between clutch size and escape take-off speed in female zebra finches
    • Veasey J.S., Houston D.C. & Metcalfe N.B. 2001. A hidden cost of reproduction: the trade-off between clutch size and escape take-off speed in female zebra finches. J. Anim. Ecol. 70: 20-24.
    • (2001) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.70 , pp. 20-24
    • Veasey, J.S.1    Houston, D.C.2    Metcalfe, N.B.3
  • 192
    • 0242721423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal condition, yolk androgens and offspring performance: A supplemental feeding experiment in the lesser black-backed gull (Larus fuscus)
    • Verboven N., Monaghan P., Evans D.M., Schwabl H., Evans N., Whitelaw C. & Nager R.G. 2003. Maternal condition, yolk androgens and offspring performance: a supplemental feeding experiment in the lesser black-backed gull (Larus fuscus). Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 270: 2223-2232.
    • (2003) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.270 , pp. 2223-2232
    • Verboven, N.1    Monaghan, P.2    Evans, D.M.3    Schwabl, H.4    Evans, N.5    Whitelaw, C.6    Nager, R.G.7
  • 194
    • 0036660478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic costs of egg production in the European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
    • Vézina F. & Williams T.D. 2002. Metabolic costs of egg production in the European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris). Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 75: 377-385.
    • (2002) Physiol. Biochem. Zool , vol.75 , pp. 377-385
    • Vézina, F.1    Williams, T.D.2
  • 195
    • 0348090623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasticity in body composition in breeding birds: What drives the metabolic costs of egg production?
    • Vézina F. & Williams T.D. 2003. Plasticity in body composition in breeding birds: what drives the metabolic costs of egg production? Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 76: 716-730.
    • (2003) Physiol. Biochem. Zool , vol.76 , pp. 716-730
    • Vézina, F.1    Williams, T.D.2
  • 196
    • 23144462798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The metabolic cost of egg production is repeatable
    • Vézina F. & Williams T.D. 2005a. The metabolic cost of egg production is repeatable. J. Exp. Biol. 208: 2533-2538.
    • (2005) J. Exp. Biol , vol.208 , pp. 2533-2538
    • Vézina, F.1    Williams, T.D.2
  • 197
    • 16844369866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction between organ mass and citrate synthase activity as an indicator of tissue maximal oxidative capacity in breeding European starlings: Implications for metabolic rate and organ mass relationships
    • Vézina F. & Williams T.D. 2005b. Interaction between organ mass and citrate synthase activity as an indicator of tissue maximal oxidative capacity in breeding European starlings: implications for metabolic rate and organ mass relationships. Funct. Ecol. 19: 119-128.
    • (2005) Funct. Ecol , vol.19 , pp. 119-128
    • Vézina, F.1    Williams, T.D.2
  • 198
    • 0346399729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The metabolic cost of avian egg formation: Possible impact of yolk precursor production
    • Vézina F., Salvante K.G. & Williams T.D. 2003. The metabolic cost of avian egg formation: possible impact of yolk precursor production. J. Exp. Biol. 206: 4443-4451.
    • (2003) J. Exp. Biol , vol.206 , pp. 4443-4451
    • Vézina, F.1    Salvante, K.G.2    Williams, T.D.3
  • 199
    • 0035933330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The costs of egg production and incubation in great tits (Parus major)
    • Visser M.E. & Lessells C.M. 2001. The costs of egg production and incubation in great tits (Parus major). Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 268: 1271-1277.
    • (2001) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.268 , pp. 1271-1277
    • Visser, M.E.1    Lessells, C.M.2
  • 201
    • 0041148941 scopus 로고
    • Ecological energetics: What are the questions?
    • Bush A.H. & Clark G.A, eds, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Walsberg G.E. 1983. Ecological energetics: what are the questions? In: Bush A.H. & Clark G.A. (eds) Perspectives in Ornithology: 135-158. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1983) Perspectives in Ornithology , pp. 135-158
    • Walsberg, G.E.1
  • 202
    • 0030457907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy expenditure of female barn swallows Hirundo rustica during egg formation
    • Ward S. 1996. Energy expenditure of female barn swallows Hirundo rustica during egg formation. Physiol. Zool. 69: 930-951.
    • (1996) Physiol. Zool , vol.69 , pp. 930-951
    • Ward, S.1
  • 203
    • 3042631638 scopus 로고
    • Energy cost of egg formation in quail
    • Ward S. & McLeod M.G. 1992. Energy cost of egg formation in quail. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 51: 41.
    • (1992) Proc. Nutr. Soc , vol.51 , pp. 41
    • Ward, S.1    McLeod, M.G.2
  • 204
    • 0027833345 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal patterns of time and energy allocation by birds
    • Weathers W.W. & Sullivan K.A. 1993. Seasonal patterns of time and energy allocation by birds. Physiol. Zool. 66: 511-536.
    • (1993) Physiol. Zool , vol.66 , pp. 511-536
    • Weathers, W.W.1    Sullivan, K.A.2
  • 205
    • 0000916151 scopus 로고
    • Bioenergetics of captive willow ptarmigan under natural conditions
    • West G.C. 1968. Bioenergetics of captive willow ptarmigan under natural conditions. Ecology 49: 1035-1045.
    • (1968) Ecology , vol.49 , pp. 1035-1045
    • West, G.C.1
  • 206
    • 0028982584 scopus 로고
    • Egg size and clutch size in the reproductive investment of American kestrels
    • Wiebe K.L. & Bortolotti G.R. 1995. Egg size and clutch size in the reproductive investment of American kestrels. J. Zool. 237: 285-302.
    • (1995) J. Zool , vol.237 , pp. 285-302
    • Wiebe, K.L.1    Bortolotti, G.R.2
  • 208
    • 0030301770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in reproductive effort in female zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) in relation to nutrient-specific dietary supplements during egg laying
    • Williams T.D. 1996. Variation in reproductive effort in female zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) in relation to nutrient-specific dietary supplements during egg laying. Physiol. Zool. 69: 1255-1275.
    • (1996) Physiol. Zool , vol.69 , pp. 1255-1275
    • Williams, T.D.1
  • 209
    • 0032930176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parental and first generation effects of exogenous 17β-estradiol on reproductive performance of female zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata)
    • Williams T.D. 1999. Parental and first generation effects of exogenous 17β-estradiol on reproductive performance of female zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). Horm. Behav. 35: 135-143.
    • (1999) Horm. Behav , vol.35 , pp. 135-143
    • Williams, T.D.1
  • 210
    • 0034523877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental (tamoxifen-induced) manipulation of female reproduction in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata)
    • Williams T.D. 2000. Experimental (tamoxifen-induced) manipulation of female reproduction in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 73: 566-573.
    • (2000) Physiol. Biochem. Zool , vol.73 , pp. 566-573
    • Williams, T.D.1
  • 211
    • 0035931885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental manipulation of female reproduction reveals an intraspecific egg size-clutch size trade-off
    • Williams T.D. 2001. Experimental manipulation of female reproduction reveals an intraspecific egg size-clutch size trade-off. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 268: 423-428.
    • (2001) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.268 , pp. 423-428
    • Williams, T.D.1
  • 212
    • 12444344955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying the costs of egg production
    • Williams T.D. 2005. Mechanisms underlying the costs of egg production. BioScience 55: 39-48.
    • (2005) BioScience , vol.55 , pp. 39-48
    • Williams, T.D.1
  • 213
    • 1642464679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Top-down regression of the avian oviduct during late oviposition in a small passerine bird
    • Williams T.D. & Ames C.A. 2004. Top-down regression of the avian oviduct during late oviposition in a small passerine bird. J. Exp. Biol. 207: 263-268.
    • (2004) J. Exp. Biol , vol.207 , pp. 263-268
    • Williams, T.D.1    Ames, C.A.2
  • 214
    • 2942558588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What causes the decrease in haematocrit during egg production?
    • Williams T.D., Evanso M., Love O. & Vézina F. 2004. What causes the decrease in haematocrit during egg production? Funct. Ecol. 18: 320-336.
    • (2004) Funct. Ecol , vol.18 , pp. 320-336
    • Williams, T.D.1    Evanso, M.2    Love, O.3    Vézina, F.4
  • 215
    • 0034064645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue mass dynamics during egg-production in female zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata: Dietary and hormonal manipulations
    • Williams T.D. & Martynuik C.J. 2000. Tissue mass dynamics during egg-production in female zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata: dietary and hormonal manipulations. J. Avian Biol. 31: 87-95.
    • (2000) J. Avian Biol , vol.31 , pp. 87-95
    • Williams, T.D.1    Martynuik, C.J.2
  • 216
    • 0038480253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual and resource-dependent variation in ability to lay supranormal clutches in response to egg removal
    • Williams T.D. & Miller M. 2003. Individual and resource-dependent variation in ability to lay supranormal clutches in response to egg removal. Auk 120: 481-489.
    • (2003) Auk , vol.120 , pp. 481-489
    • Williams, T.D.1    Miller, M.2
  • 217
    • 0001238555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Egg size variation: Mechanisms and hormonal control
    • Dawson A. & Chaturvedi C.M, eds, Narosa Publishing House, New Dehli, India
    • Williams T.D., Reed W.L. & Walzern R.L. 2001. Egg size variation: mechanisms and hormonal control. In: Dawson A. & Chaturvedi C.M. (eds) Avian Endocrinology: 205-217. Narosa Publishing House, New Dehli, India.
    • (2001) Avian Endocrinology , pp. 205-217
    • Williams, T.D.1    Reed, W.L.2    Walzern, R.L.3
  • 218
    • 0032854507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food intake, locomotory activity, and egg laying in zebra finches: Contribution to reproductive energy demand?
    • Williams T.D. & Ternan S.P. 1999. Food intake, locomotory activity, and egg laying in zebra finches: contribution to reproductive energy demand? Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 72: 19-27.
    • (1999) Physiol. Biochem. Zool , vol.72 , pp. 19-27
    • Williams, T.D.1    Ternan, S.P.2
  • 219
    • 0345197632 scopus 로고
    • Food supplement effects on breeding time and harem size in the red-winged blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus
    • Wimberger P.H. 1988. Food supplement effects on breeding time and harem size in the red-winged blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus. Auk 105: 799-802.
    • (1988) Auk , vol.105 , pp. 799-802
    • Wimberger, P.H.1
  • 220
    • 0000649160 scopus 로고
    • The effect of food and predation on breeding density and success, clutch size and laying date of the crow (Corvus corone L.)
    • Yom-Tov Y. 1974. The effect of food and predation on breeding density and success, clutch size and laying date of the crow (Corvus corone L.). J. Anim. Ecol. 43: 479-498.
    • (1974) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.43 , pp. 479-498
    • Yom-Tov, Y.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.