Violence, HIV/AIDS, and native American women in the twenty-first century

American Indian Culture and Research Journal

Volumn 26, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 115-133

  Vernon, Irene S ^a,b  

^a English Department

^b Veterinary Dentistry and Oral Surgery

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33645765688     PISSN: 01616463     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.17953/aicr.26.2.b657052404183151     Document Type: Article

References (107)

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2. Mardge Cohen et al., "Domestic Violence and Childhood Sexual Abuse in HIV-infected Women and Women at Risk for HIV," American Journal of Public Health 90 (April 2000): 560.
3. New England Research Institutes, "Violence Against Women and HIV Risk: Implications for Action," National Conference Women and HIV (abstract no. 109.1) May 4-7, 1997;
4. A. Raj and G. M. Wingood, "Factors Predicting Perceptions that Conflict "Will Result from Safer Sex Negotiation: Why Women in Disempowering Relationships are at Increased Risk for HIV," National Conference Women and HIV (abstract no. 305.4) May 4-7, 1997.
5. Sally J. Stevens, Stephanie Tortu, and Susan L. Coyle, eds., Women, Drug Use, and HIV Infections (New York: The Haworth Press, 1998), 21-22, 161-174;
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7. Claudia Garcia-Moreno and Charlotte Watts, "Violence Against Women: Its Importance for HIV/AIDS," AIDS 14 (2000): S253-S265.
8. Centers for Disease Control, CDC Homepage, "Intimate Partner Violence Fact Sheet," [www.cdc.gov/ncipc/dvp/ipvfacts.htm], 25 May 1999, 2; and US Department of Health and Human Services, Native Americans and HIV/A1DS, 17-29.
9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report midyear edition 13 (June 2001): 14.
10. Ibid., 14.
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13. US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, American Indians and Crime, Lawrence Greenfeld and Steven Smith, statisticians (Washington DC: Government Printing Office, February 1999), 2, 4.
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21. Eileen Luna, "Indigenous Women, Domestic Violence and Self- Determination," Indigenous Law Bulletin 4 (1999): 1. In a personal conversation with Sara Deer, program coordinator for the federal government's STOP Violence Against Indian Women Discretionary Grant Program, she told me that the differences in numbers is because the 1998 total includes tribal communities with consortiums and the 1999 numbers are just tribe grantees (Fort Collins, CO, 4 April 2002).
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24. US Department of Justice, American Indians and Crime, 2-3.
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27. Ibid., 212-213.
28. Krishnan, "Documenting Domestic Violence," 39-40.
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33. Peterka, "Sacred Circle Responds to Abuse," Bl.
34. Chester, "Grandmother," 254-256.
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36. Pan, "Medicine Wheel," 27.
37. Charon Asetoyer, director of the Native American Women's Health Center, interview by Monica Clark, South Dakota, August 6, 1999.
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43. US Department of Justice, American Indians and Crime, 14.
44. American Bar Association, American Bar Association Home Page, "The Commission on Domestic Violence, Statistics," [http://www.abanet.org/ domviol/stats./html], 1999, 4.
45. Mardge Cohen et al., "Domestic Violence and Childhood Sexual Abuse in HIV-infected Women and Women at Risk for HIV," American Journal of Public Health 90 (April 2000): 561
46. American Bar Association, The Commission on Domestic Violence, Statistics," 4-5.
47. Ibid., 5.
48. Ann Goetting, Getting Out: Life Stories of Women Who Left Abusive Men (New York: Columbia University Press, 1999), 100.
49. Nancy Goldstein and Jennifer Manlowe, eds., The Gendered Politics of HIV/AIDS in Women: Perspectives on the Pandemic in the United States (New York: New York University Press, 1997), 190.
50. Nancy L. Roth and Linda K. Fuller, eds., "Part I: Negotiating Safer Practices," in Women and AIDS: Negotiating Safer Practices, Care, and Representation (New York: Haworth Press, 1998), 7-127.
51. Paul Farmer, Infections and Inequalities: The Modern Plagues (California: University of California, 1999), 81-82.
52. Diane Monti-Catania, "Women, Violence, and HIV/AIDS," in Nancy Goldstein and Jennifer L. Manlowe, eds. The Gender Politics of HIV/AIDS in Women: Perspectives on the Epidemic in the United States (New York: New York University Press, 1997), 245.
53. Farmer, Infections and Inequalities, 84; New England Research Institutes, "Violence Against Women and HIV Risk"; A. Raj and G. M. Wingood, "Factors Predicting Perceptions that Conflict Will Result from Safer Sex Negotiation: Why Women in Disempowering Relationships are at Increased Risk for HIV," National Conference Women and HIV (abstract no. 305.4), May 4-7, 1997.
54. Rebecca Denison, "Women and AIDS Update-The Personal is Political," World 73 (1997): 6-7.'
55. Garcia-Moreno, S259.
56. "Abuse Linked to Increased Medical Problems in Women with HIV," Reuters Health Information Services, [www.reutershealth.com], 13 June 2000.
57. Belinda L. Rochelle and Leslie R. Wolfe, Building a Woman-Focused Response to HIV/AIDS: Policy Recommendations from thi Metro DC Collaborative for Women with HIV/AIDS (Washington, DC: Center for Women Policy Studies, 1999), 29.
58. HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report mid-year edition, 18.
59. Ilena M. Norton and Spero M. Manson, "A Silent Minority: Battered American Indian Women," Journal of Family Violence 10 (1995): 312.
60. Goldstein and Manlowe, The Gendered Politics of HIV/AIDS in Women, 210; and Stevens, Tortu, and Coyle, Women, Drug Use, and HIV Infections, 161-175.
61. Haiou He, H. Virginia McCoy, Sally J. Stevens, and Michael J. Stark, "Violence and HIV Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Female Sex Partners of Male Drug Users," in Sally J. Stevens, Stephanie Tortu, and Susan L. Coyle, eds., Women, Drug Use, and HIV Infection (New York: Haworth Press, 1998), 161-175.
62. Centers for Disease Control, CDC Homepage, "Rape Fact Sheet," [www.cdc.gov/cipc/dvp/ fivpt/spotlite/rape.htm], 25 May 1999, 3.
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64. Patricia Tjaden and Nancy Thoennes, "Prevalence, Incidence, and Consequences of Violence Against Women: Findings from the National Violence Against Women Survey," National Institute of Justice Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Research in Brief (November 1998): 3.
65. Tjaden, Extent, Nature, and Consequences of Intimate Partner Violence, iii.
66. Ann Goetting, Getting Out: Life Stories of Women Who Left Abusive Men (New York: Columbia University Press, 1999), 101.
67. Norton, "A Silent Minority," 311.
68. "Native Top Violent Crime List Again."
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70. "Survey Shows High Rates of Rape," [www.Indianz.com], 5 December 2001.
71. "Sexual Assault in Indian Country Confronting Sexual Violence," National Sexual Violence Resource Center, 2000, [www.nsvrc.org], 4 December 2001.
72. Bonita Lawrence, "The Exclusion of Survivor's Voices in Feminist Discourse on Violence Against Women," Feminist Voices 2 (1996): 29.
73. Eduardo Duran, Bonnie Duran, Wilbur Woodis, and Pamela Woodis, "A Postcolonial Perspective on Domestic Violence in Indian Country," in Family Violence and Men of Color: Healing the Wounded Male Spirit, edited by Ricardo Carrillo and Jerry Tello (New York: Springer Publishing Company, 1998), 99-101;
74. Bonnie Duran, Eduardo Duran, and Maria Yellow Horse Brave Heart, "Native Americans and the Trauma of History," in Russell Thornton, ed., Studying Native America: Problems and Prospects (Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 1998), 72.
75. Duran, "A Postcolonial Perspective," 109.
76. Diane McEachern, Marlene Van Winkle, Sue Steiner and Sue Steiner, "Domestic Violence among the Navajo: A Legacy of Colonization," Journal of Poverty 2 (1998): 31-46;
77. Chester, "Grandmother," 252-253;
78. Lawrence, "The Exclusion of Survivor's," 26-33;
79. Luna, "Indigenous Women, Domestic Violence," 8-10.
80. Charon Asetoyer, interview.
81. Finkelman, Controversies in Constitutional Law, xii.
82. Charon Asetoyer, "Domestic Violence - Examine Your Own Life," Wiconzanni Wowapi: Good Health Newslelter (Winter 1997-1998): 1.
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84. McEachern, "Domestic Violence Among the Navajo," 31-44.
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87. Clifford E. Trafzer and Diane Weiner, eds., Medicine Ways: Disease, Health, and Survival among Native Americans (California: AltaMira Press, 2001), viii.
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91. Irene S. Vernon, Killing Us Quietly: Native Americans and HIV/AIDS (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2001), 21-22.
92. Paul Farmer, Margaret Connors, and janie Simmons, Women, Poverty, and AIDS: Sex, Drugs and Structural Violence (Maine: Common Courage Press, 1996), 23.
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100. McEachern, "Domestic Violence Among the Navajo," 43-46.
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107. For detailed information about the Community Readiness Model, contact Dr. Ruth Edwards, Dr. Pamela Jumpcr-Thurman, and/or Dr. Barbara Plested at the Tri- Ethnic Center, (970) 491-7902.