Google scholar and the library web site: The early response by ARL libraries

College and Research Libraries

Volumn 67, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 106-122

  Mullen, Laura Bowering ^a   Hartman, Karen A ^a  

^a Rutgers University Libraries   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33645761904     PISSN: 00100870     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5860/crl.67.2.106     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Barbara Quint, "Library Collections Linked on Google Scholar for Free," Information Today (May 16, 2005). Available online at http://www.infotoday.com/newsbreaks/nb050516-1.shtml. [Accessed 26 May 2005].
2. The CrossRef Web site is available online at http://www.crossref.org. [Accessed 15 October 2005].
3. From the site: "CrossRef is an independent membership association, founded and directed by publishers and is the official DOI registration agency for scholarly and professional publications. CrossRef operates a citation-linking network that covers millions of articles." Information from Google for scholarly publishers can be found at http://scholar.google.com/ scholar/publishers. html. [Accessed 20 October 2005].
4. The Google Scholar Web site is available online at http://www.scholar. google.com. [Accessed 15 October 2005].
5. Because Google Scholar is a new product and has caused a great deal of informal discussion in many library circles, it has been possible to follow both development of the product and reaction to it by librarians and other interested users through various library blogs. The following blogs have been accessed and read from November 2004 to October 2005: Making Links at http://makinglinks.uwindsor.ca:8087/mitas/sfxblog/;
6. Digital Librarian at http:// digitallibrarian.org/;
7. UBC Google Scholar Blog at http://weblogs.elearning.ubc.ca/googlescholar/ ;
8. Lorcan Dempsey's Weblog at http://orweblog.oclc.org/archives/000615.html;
9. LibraryCog at http://webvoy.uwindsor.ca:8087/artblog/librarycog/ 1100880268;
10. ResourceShelf at http://www. resourceshelf.com/;
11. On Google Scholar at http://schoogle.blogspot.com/;
12. The Distant Librarian at http://distlib.blogs.com/distlib/;
13. Library Web Chic at http://librarywebchic.net/wordpress/;
14. Google Blog at http://googleblog.blogspot.com/.
15. Martin Myhill, "The Advisor Reviews...Google Scholar," Charleston Advisor 6, no.4 (Apr. 2005). Available online at http://www. charlestonco.com/review.cfm?id=225. [Accessed 29 June 2005].
16. Examples of articles discussing the advantages and disadvantages to libraries of Google and Google Scholar are: Brian Kenney, "Googleizers vs. Resistors," Library Journal (Dec. 2004): 44-46;
17. Peter Jasco, "Google Scholar: The Pros and the Cons," Online Information Review 29, no.2 (2005): 208-14.
18. Chuck Hamaker and Brad Spry, "Google Scholar," Serials 18, no.1 (Mar. 2005): 70-72. Available online at http://serials.uksg.org/ (k1cfb255t1223u45mpyq4hyy)/app/home/main. asp?referrer=default. [Accessed 18 October 2005].
19. Richard K. Belew, "Scientific Impact Quantity and Quality: Analysis of Two Sources of Bibliographic Data," arXiv#: CoRR/0504036, 1 (Apr.11, 2005): 1-12. Available online at http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/cs/pdf/0504/0504036. pdf. [Accessed 11 April 2005].
20. Richard K. Belew Scientific Impact Quantity and Quality: Analysis of Two Sources of Bibliographic Data Ibid., 10.
21. Marcus A. Banks, "The Excitement of Google Scholar, the Worry of Google Print," Biomedical Digital Libraries 2, no. 2 (Mar. 22, 2005). Available online at http://www.bio-diglib.eom/content/2/1/2. [Accessed 17 June 2005].
22. Kathleen Bauer and Nisa Bakkalbasi, "An Examination of Citation Counts in a New Scholarly Communication Environment," D-Lib Magazine 11, no.9 (Sept., 2005): 1-10. Available at http://www.dlib.org/dlib/september05/ bauer/09bauer.html. [Accessed 11 October 2005].
23. Banks, "The Excitement of Google Scholar, the Worry of Google Print."
24. Dean Giustini and Eugene Barsky, "A Look at Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scirus: Comparisons and Recommendations," JCHLA/JABSC 26(2005): 85-89.
25. Laura M. Felter, "Google Scholar, Scirus, and the Scholarly Search Revolution," Searcher 13, no. 2 (2005): 43-48. Available online at http://www.scirus.com/press/pdf/searcher_reprint.pdf. [Accessed 18 October 2005].
26. Greg R. Notess, "Scholarly Web Searching: Google Scholar and Scirus," ONLINE 29, no.4 (July/Aug. 2005): 39-41. Available online at http://www.infotoday.com/online/ju105/OnTheNet. shtml. [Accessed 15 October 2005].
27. Peter Burnett and Christina Seuring, "Organising Access to Free Internet Resources: An Overview of Selection and Management Issues in Large Academic and National Libraries with a View to Defining a Policy at Oxford University," Program: Electronic Library & Information Systems 35, no. 1 (Jan. 2001): 15-31.
28. Lesley M. Moyo, "Collections on the Web: Some Access and Navigation Issues," Library Collections, Acquisitions, & Technical Services 26 (2002): 47-59.
29. Barbara J. Cockrell and Elaine Anderson Jayne, "How Do I Find an Article? Insights from a Web Usability Study," Journal of Academic Librarianship 28, no.3 (May 2002): 122-32.
30. Cockrell and Jayne cite Louis B. Rosenfeld and Peter Morville, Information Architecture for the World Wide Web (Sebastopol, Calif.: O'Reilly, 1998).
31. Chris Jasek, "How to Design Library Web Sites to Maximize Usability," Library Connect (2004): 1-15. Available online at http://www.elsevier.com/framework_products/promis_misc/ 672915lcpamphlets.pdf. [Accessed 18 October 2005].
32. Gail Herrera and Lynda Aldana, "Integrating Electronic Resources into the Library Catalog: A Collaborative Approach," portal: Libraries and the Academy 1, no.3 (2001): 241-56.
33. Xiaotian Chen, Larry Colgon, Courtney Greene, Elizabeth Lowe, and Conrad Winke, "EResource Cataloging Practices: A Survey of Academic Libraries and Consortia," Serials Librarian 47, no. 1/2 (2004): 153-79.
34. Malcolm Getz, "Three Frontiers in Open Access Scholarship," Frontiers in Open Access Scholarship Workshop from Cornell University Open Access Repository (Jan.13, 2005). Available online at http://dspace.library. cornell.edu/handle/1813/307. [Accessed 18 September 2005].
35. Kristin Antelman, "Do Open Access Articles Have a Greater Research Impact?" College and Research Libraries 65, no.5 (Sept. 2004): 372-82;
36. Steve Lawrence, "Free Online Availability Substantially Increases a Paper's Impact," Nature Web Debates (2001). Available at http://www. nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/Articles/lawrence.html. [Accessed 17 August 2005].
37. WAC's charge is available online at http://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/rul/ staff/staff.html. [Accessed 18 October 2005].
38. Protocol for adding a new scholarly resource to the Rutgers University Libraries' Web site is titled "Making Additions to our Web Pages" and is available at http://www.libraries.rutgers. edu/rul/staff/staff.html. [Accessed 18 October 2005].
39. LinkSource is the link resolver product used by the Rutgers University Libraries. For information, see http://www.ebsco.com/atoz/LinkSource.asp. [Accessed 18 October 2005].
40. The description page for Google Scholar is found by clicking on "Google Scholar" from the alphabetical list of indexes and databases available at http://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/rul/ indexes/indexes.shtml. [Accessed 18 October 2005].
41. The actual description page for Google Scholar is available at http://www.libraries.rutgers.edu.proxy.libraries.rutgers.edu/rul/indexes/ search_guides/google_scholar.shtml. [Accessed 18 October 2005].
42. The ARL libraries' Web sites were accessed from the ARL homepage at http://www.arl. org/members.html. [Accessed 18 October 2005]. From the site: "ARL is a not-for-profit member-ship organization comprising the libraries of North American research institutions and operates as a forum for the exchange of ideas and as an agent for collective action. Membership in ARL is institutional. There are currently 123 members." This study removed the nonuniversity members to create the sample.
43. All three new items exhibited the same pattern of results; individually, news and instruction were significantly different.
44. Another academic library's experience with decision making and integrating Google Scholar into collections and services at UCLA is described in E. Meltzer, "UC Libraries Use of Google Scholar," (Aug. 15, 2005): 1-12. Available online at http://www.cdlib.org/inside/assess/ evaluation_activities/docs/2005/googleScholar_summary)0805.pdf. [Accessed 18 October 2005].
45. Jasek, "How to Design Library Web Sites to Maximize Usability,"
46. Jasek credits this idea to G. H. Crowley, R. Leffel, D. Ramirez, J. L. Hart, and T. S. Armstrong II, "User Perceptions of the Library's Web Pages: A Focus Group Study at Texas A&M University," Journal of Academic Librarianship 28, no.4 (2002): 205-10.
47. A. Paula Wilson, Library Web Sites: Creating Online Collections and Services (Chicago: ALA, 2004), 77.
48. Moyo, "Collections on the Web," 51.
49. Cockrell and Jayne, "How Do I Find an Article?" 122.
50. Deborah Fallows, Search Engine Users (Washington, D.C.: Pew/Internet & American Life Project, Jan.23, 2005), i-v,1-29. Available online at http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Search-engine_users.pdf. [Accessed 10 July 2005].
51. Cockrell and Jayne, "How Do I Find an Article?" 129.
52. Judy Luther, "User Centered Design=Successful Products," Charleston Advisor 5, no. 3 (Jan. 2004). Available online at http://www.charlestonco.com/features.cfm?id=143&type=np. [Accessed 18 October 2005].
53. Cockrell and Jayne, "How Do I Find an Article?" 122.
54. Cockrell and Jayne How Do i Find an Article? Ibid., 127.
55. S. Harnad, "Open Access to Peer-Reviewed Research through Author/Institution Self-archiving: Maximizing Research Impact by Maximizing Online Access," Journal of Postgraduate Medicine 49, no.4 (2003): 337-12. Available online at http://www.jpgmonline.com/article. asp?issn=0022-3859;year= 2003;volume=49;issue=4;spage=337;epage=342;aulast=Harnad. [Accessed 17 June 2005].
56. Burnett and Seuring, "Organising Access to Free Internet Resources," 15-16.
57. Hungyune Chao, "Assessing the Quality of Academic Libraries on the Web: The Development and Testing of Criteria," Library & Information Science Research 24 (2002): 169-94.
58. Quint, "Library Collections Linked on Google Scholar for Free."
59. Norman Oder, "Google Scholar Links with Libraries" Library Journal (Apr. 15, 2005): 17-18.
60. Jeffrey R. Young, "More Than 100 Colleges Work with Google to Speed Campus Users to Library Resources," Chronicle of Higher Education (May 11, 2005). Available online at http://chronicle. com/free/2005/05/2005051101t.htm. [Accessed 7 July 2005].
61. Google Scholar "Free Search Box Terms of Use," section 1.5. Available online at http:// scholar.google.com/scholar/scholarsearch_terms.html. [Accessed 24 July 2005].
62. This issue was brought forward by an entry in the blog, Digital Librarian, available at http://digitallibrarian. org/?p=88. [Accessed 24 July 2005].
63. Marthyn Borghus, Guest Editor, "What Counts and What Doesn't: An Insider's Guide to Usage Reports," Library Connect (2005):1-15. Available online at http://www.elsevier.com/framework_librarians/LibraryConnect/ lcpamphlet7.pdf. [Accessed 12 October 2005].
64. Urban Libraries Council, "Google Scholar Survey Results 2005," (July 2005). Available online at http://www.urbanlibraries.org/july2005- googlescholar.html. [Accessed 20 October 2005].
65. Research Libraries Group, "Mad About Metasearching," RLG TopShelf (Mat. 2005). Available online at http://www.rlg.org/en/page.php? Page_ID=7721. [Accessed 18 October 2005];
66. Roy Tennant, "Is Metasearching Dead?" Library Journal (July 15, 2005). Available online at http://www. libraryjoumal.com/article/CA622685.html. (Accessed 30 October 2005].
67. Jerry D. Campbell, "The Case for Creating a Scholars Portal to the Web: A White Paper," portal: Libraries and the Academy 1, no.1 (2001): 15-21;
68. Leah Graham and Panagiotis Takis Metaxas, "Of Course It's True; I Saw It on the Internet," Communications of the ACM 46, no. 5 (May 2003): 71-75;
69. ARL Scholar's Portal. Available online at http://www.arl.org/access/ scholarsportal/. [Accessed 20 October 2005]. From the site: "The Scholars Portal Project was launched in May 2002 as a multiyear collaboration between seven ARL member libraries and Fretwell-Downing. The project seeks to provide software tools for an academic community to have a single point of access on the Web to find high-quality information resources and, to the greatest extent possible, to deliver the information and related services directly to the user's desktop." Information on the Ontario Scholars Portal may be found at http://scholarsportal.info/cgi-bin/sciserv.pl?collection=journals. [Accessed 30 October 2005]. From the site: "The Ontario Scholars Portal is an initiative of the Ontario Council of University Libraries, a consortium of academic libraries across the province of Ontario, to give researchers a single point of electronic access to high-quality published journals from a broad range of disciplines. This site contains 8.5M articles from close to 7,000 full-text journals published by Academic Press, American Psychological Association, American Chemical Society, Berkeley Electronic Press, Cambridge University Press, Elsevier Science (Elsevier Science, Harcourt Health Sciences), Kluwer (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Kluwer Law International and Kluwer/Plenum), Oxford University Press, Project MUSE, Springer-Verlag, and John Wiley & Sons."
70. Information about Elsevier's Scirus, a science-specific free search engine, is available online at http://www.scirus.com/srsapp/. [Accessed 5 July 2005].
71. Jeffrey R. Young, "Libraries Try to Widen Google's Eyes," Chronicle of Higher Education 50, no.37(May 21, 2004): A1.
72. "Google Scholar Good News for Open Access," (Nov. 19, 2004). Available online at http:// www.biomedcentral.com/info/about/pr-releases?pr= 20041119. [Accessed 20 October 2005].
73. Doug Payne, "Google Scholar Welcomed," Scientist (Nov. 23, 2004). Available online at http://www.biomedcentral.com/news/20041123/01. [Accessed 27 February 2005].
74. Carol Tenopir, "Google in the Academic Library," Library Journal (Feb. 1, 2005): 32.
75. "Google: Friend or Foe," Inside Higher Ed (April 11, 2005). Available online at http://www. insidehighered.com/news/2005/04/11/google. [Accessed 26 May 2005].
76. Stephen Abram, "The Google Opportunity," Library Journal (Feb. 1, 2005): 34.