Linking passive and active representation by gender: The case of child support agencies

Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 87-102

  Wilkins, Vicky M ^a   Keiser, Lael R ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33645682643     PISSN: 10531858     EISSN: 14779803     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jopart/mui023     Document Type: Review

References (45)

1. Bassuk, Ellen, Angela Browne, and John C. Buckner. 1996. Single mothers and welfare. Scientific American 275 (4): 60-67.
2. Beller, Andrea H., and John W. Graham. 1993. Small change: The economics of child support. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
3. Blais, Andre, and Stephane Dion, eds. 1991. The budget-maximizing bureaucrat: Appraisals and evidence. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
4. Brehm, John, and Scott Gates. 1997. Working, shirking, and sabotage: Bureaucratic response to a democratic public. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
5. Crowley, Jocelyn E. 2003. The politics of child support in America. New York: Cambridge University Press.
6. de Beauvoir, Simone. 1974. The second sex. New York: Vintage.
7. Division of Child Support Enforcement. 2002. Annual report to the governor. Jefferson City, MO: Division of Child Support Enforcement.
8. Duerst-Lahti, Georgia, and Rita Mae Kelly. 1995. On governance, leadership, and gender. In Gender power, leadership, and governance, ed. Georgia Duerst-Lahti and Rita Mae Kelly, 11-37. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
9. Ebb, Nan. 1994. Enforcing child support: Are states doing the job? New York: Child Defense Fund.
10. Hale, Mary M., and Rita M. Kelly. 1989. Gender, democracy, and representative bureaucracies. In Gender, bureaucracy, and democracy, ed. Mary M. Hale and Rita M. Kelly, 18-40. New York: Greenwood Press.
11. Handler, Joel F. 1995. The poverty of welfare reform. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
12. Hedge, David, and Michael Scicchitano. 1994. Regulating in space and time: The case of regulatory federalism. Journal of Politics 56 (1): 134-53.
13. Hindera, John J. 1993. Representative bureaucracy: Imprimis evidence of active representation in the EEOC District Office. Social Science Quarterly 74 (March): 95-108.
14. Hirsch, Amy E. 1988. Income deeming in the AFDC program: Using dual track family law to make poor women poorer. Review of Law and Social Change 16 (4): 713-40.
15. Howell, Susan E., and Christine L. Day. 2000. Complexities of the gender gap. Journal of Politics 62:858-74.
16. Josephson, Jyl J. 1997. Public policy; as if women mattered: Improving the child support system for women on AFDC. Women in Politics 17 (1): 1-26.
17. Kanter, Rosabeth Moss. 1977. Men and women of the corporation. New York: Basic Books.
18. Keiser, Lael. 1996. The influence of women's political power on bureaucratic output: The case of child support enforcement. British Journal of Political Science 27 (1): 136-48.
19. Keiser, Lael R., and Kenneth J. Meier. 1996. Policy design, bureaucratic incentives, and public management: The case of child support enforcement. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 6 (3): 337-64.
20. Keiser, Lael R., Vicky Wilkins, Kenneth J. Meier, and Catherine Holland. 2002. Lipstick and logarithms: Gender, identity, and representative bureaucracy. American Political Science Review 96 (3): 553-64.
21. Lima, Lowell H., and Robert C. Harris. 1988. The child support enforcement program in the United States. In Child support: From debt collection to social policy, ed. Alfred Kahn and Sheila Kamerman, 20-46. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
22. Maddala, G. S. 1992. Introduction to econometric. 2d ed. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co.
23. Maynard-Moody, Steven, and Michale Musheno. 2003. Cops, teachers, counselors: Stories from the front lines of public service. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
24. Meier, Kenneth J. 1993. Representative bureaucracy: A theoretical and empirical exposition. In Research in public administration, ed. James Perry, 1-35. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
25. Meier, Kenneth J., and J. Stewart. 1992. Active representation in educational bureaucracies: Policy impacts. American Review of Public Administration 22 (3): 157-71.
26. Meier, Kenneth J., Joseph Stewart, and Robert England. 1989. Race, class, and education. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
27. Mosher, Frederick. 1982. Democracy and the public service. New York: Oxford University Press.
28. Niskanen, William A. 1971. Bureaucracy and representative government. Chicago, IL: Aldine Atherton.
29. Office of Administration for Missouri, Division of Personnel. 2001. Class specifications for child support enforcement supervisor. Jefferson City, MO: Office of Administration for Missouri, Division of Personnel.
30. Patton, Jerry. 2001. Interview, Division of Child Support Enforcement, Columbia, MO, 10 August.
31. Pearson, J., and E. A. Griswold. 1997. Child support policies and domestic violence. Public Welfare (Winter): 26-32.
32. Pindyck, Robert S., and Daniel L. Rubinfeld. 1991. Econometric models and economic forecasts. 3d ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
33. Raphael, Jody. 1996. Prisoners of abuse: Policy implementation of the relationship between domestic violence and welfare receipt. Clearinghouse Review (special edition): 186-94.
34. Riley, Denise. 1988. Am I that name? Feminism and the category of 'women' in history. New York: Macmillan.
35. Roberts, Paula. 1991. Turning promises into realities: A guide to implementing child support provisions of the Family Support Act of 1988. 2d ed. Washington, DC: Center of Law of Social Policy.
36. Selden, Sally Coleman. 1997. The promise of representative bureaucracy: Diversity and responsiveness in a government agency. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe.
37. Simon, Herbert A. 1997. Administrative behavior: A study of decision-making processes in administrative organizations. 4th ed. New York: Free Press.
38. Stimpson, James A. 1985. Regression in space and time: A statistical essay. American Journal of Political Science 29 (4): 914-47.
39. Thielemann, Gregory S., and Joseph Stewart Jr. 1996. A demand-side perspective on the importance of representative bureaucracy: AIDS, ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation. Public Administration Review 56 (2): 168-73.
40. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Child Support Enforcement. 1996. Child support enforcement: Twenty-first annual report to Congress. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Child Support Enforcement.
41. _. 2001. Annual statistical report. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Inspector General.
42. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Inspector General. 2000. Client cooperation with child support enforcement: Challenges and strategies. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Inspector General.
43. Wilkins, Vicky. 2004. When gender matters: Gender and representation across political institutions. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Missouri, Columbia.
44. Wilson, James Q. 1989. Bureaucracy: What government agencies do and why they do it. New York: Basic Books.
45. Wood, B. Dan, and Richard Waterman. 1994. Bureaucratic dynamics: The role of bureaucracy in a democracy. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.