메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 113, Issue 1-3, 2006, Pages 117-141

Northern rivers ecosystem initiative: Nutrients and dissolved oxygen - Issues and impacts

Author keywords

Algae; Benthic invertebrates; Canada; Dissolved oxygen; Nitrogen; Nutrients; Periphyton; Phosphorus; Pulp mills; Rivers

Indexed keywords

ALGAE; DISCHARGE (FLUID MECHANICS); EUTROPHICATION; NITROGEN; PAPER AND PULP MILLS; PHOSPHORUS; RIVERS;

EID: 33645468672     PISSN: 01676369     EISSN: 15732959     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10661-005-9099-z     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (35)

References (46)
  • 3
    • 0026967482 scopus 로고
    • 'Eutrophication of rivers by nutrients in treated draft pulp mill effluent'
    • Bothwell, M. L.: 1992, 'Eutrophication of rivers by nutrients in treated draft pulp mill effluent', Water Pollut. Res. J. Can. 27, 447-472.
    • (1992) Water Pollut. Res. J. Can. , vol.27 , pp. 447-472
    • Bothwell, M.L.1
  • 4
    • 20644434146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Epilithic abundance in relation to anthropogenic changes in phosphorus bioavailability and limitation in mountain rivers'
    • Bowman M. F., Chambers, P. A. and Schindler, D. W.: 2005, 'Epilithic abundance in relation to anthropogenic changes in phosphorus bioavailability and limitation in mountain rivers', Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 62, 174-184.
    • (2005) Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , vol.62 , pp. 174-184
    • Bowman, M.F.1    Chambers, P.A.2    Schindler, D.W.3
  • 5
    • 0033978660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Planktonic production and respiration in oligotrophic Shield lakes'
    • Carignan, R., Planas, D. and Vis, C.: 2000, 'Planktonic production and respiration in oligotrophic Shield lakes', Limnol. Oceanogr. 45, 189-199.
    • (2000) Limnol. Oceanogr. , vol.45 , pp. 189-199
    • Carignan, R.1    Planas, D.2    Vis, C.3
  • 6
    • 28444481985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Using Mesocosms to Explore the Relationship Between Algal Accrual Responses and Nutrient Exposure Nitrogen and Phosphorus on the Wapiti River, AB, Canada'
    • D. L. Borton, T. J. Hall, R. P. Fisher and J. F. Thomas (eds) DEStech Publications, Inc., Lancaster, PA
    • Cash, K. J., Culp, J. M., Chambers, P. A., Firth, B. K., Glozier, N. E., Brua, B. and Wilson, G.: 2004, 'Using Mesocosms to Explore the Relationship Between Algal Accrual Responses and Nutrient Exposure Nitrogen and Phosphorus on the Wapiti River, AB, Canada', in: D. L. Borton, T. J. Hall, R. P. Fisher and J. F. Thomas (eds), Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Environmental Fate and Effects., DEStech Publications, Inc., Lancaster, PA, pp. 473-480.
    • (2004) Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Environmental Fate and Effects , pp. 473-480
    • Cash, K.J.1    Culp, J.M.2    Chambers, P.A.3    Firth, B.K.4    Glozier, N.E.5    Brua, B.6    Wilson, G.7
  • 7
    • 0003552227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines
    • CCME [Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment]: Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
    • CCME [Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment]: 1999, Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines, Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
    • (1999)
  • 8
    • 0003786365 scopus 로고
    • Canadian Water Quality Guidelines, Task Force on Water Quality Guidelines
    • CCREM [Canadian Council of Resource and Environment Ministers]: Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    • CCREM [Canadian Council of Resource and Environment Ministers]: 1987, Canadian Water Quality Guidelines, Task Force on Water Quality Guidelines, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
    • (1987)
  • 9
    • 33645473923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Setting Nutrient Guidelines for the Northern Rivers of Alberta'
    • Environment Canada Compiled by F. M. Conly, (With Alberta Environment), Catalogue Number: En4-41/1-2004E-MRC, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
    • Chambers, P. A. and Guy, M.: 2004. 'Setting Nutrient Guidelines for the Northern Rivers of Alberta', In Environment Canada, Northern Rivers Ecosystem Initiative: Collective Findings (CD-ROM). Compiled by F. M. Conly, (With Alberta Environment), Catalogue Number: En4-41/1-2004E-MRC, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
    • (2004) Northern Rivers Ecosystem Initiative: Collective Findings (CD-ROM)
    • Chambers, P.A.1    Guy, M.2
  • 10
    • 0031447605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Winter oxygen conditions in ice-covered rivers: The impact of pulp mill and municipal effluents'
    • Chambers, P. A., Scrimgeour, G. J. and Pietroniro, A.: 1997. 'Winter oxygen conditions in ice-covered rivers: The impact of pulp mill and municipal effluents', Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 54, 2796-2806.
    • (1997) Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 2796-2806
    • Chambers, P.A.1    Scrimgeour, G.J.2    Pietroniro, A.3
  • 12
    • 0034981601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Dissolved oxygen decline in ice-covered rivers of northern Alberta and its effects on aquatic biota'
    • Chambers P. A., Brown, S., Culp, J. M., Lowell, R. B. and Pietroniro, A.: 2000b, 'Dissolved oxygen decline in ice-covered rivers of northern Alberta and its effects on aquatic biota', J Aquat. Ecosyst. Stress Recovery 8, 27-38.
    • (2000) J Aquat. Ecosyst. Stress Recovery , vol.8 , pp. 27-38
    • Chambers, P.A.1    Brown, S.2    Culp, J.M.3    Lowell, R.B.4    Pietroniro, A.5
  • 13
    • 28444461719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Cumulative Effects Investigation of Pulp Mill and Sewage Effluent Impacts on Benthic Food Webs: A Mesocosm Example'
    • D. L. Borton, T. J. Hall, R. P. Fisher and J. F. Thomas (eds) DEStech Publications, Inc., Lancaster, PA
    • Culp, J. M., Glozier, N. E., Cash, K. J., Dubé, M. G., Waiser, M., MacLatchy, D. L. and Firth, B. K.: 2004a, 'Cumulative Effects Investigation of Pulp Mill and Sewage Effluent Impacts on Benthic Food Webs: A Mesocosm Example', in: D. L. Borton, T. J. Hall, R. P. Fisher and J. F. Thomas (eds), Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Environmental Fate and Effects, DEStech Publications, Inc., Lancaster, PA, pp. 464-472.
    • (2004) Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Environmental Fate and Effects , pp. 464-472
    • Culp, J.M.1    Glozier, N.E.2    Cash, K.J.3    Dubé, M.G.4    Waiser, M.5    MacLatchy, D.L.6    Firth, B.K.7
  • 14
    • 33645464290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Mesocosm Assessment of Pulp Mill and Municipal Sewage Effluent Effects on Benthic Food Webs and Longnose Dace (Rhinichthys cataractae) of the Wapiti River, Alberta'
    • (CD-ROM), Compiled by F.M. Conly, (With Alberta Environment), Catalogue Number: En4-41/1-2004E-MRC, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
    • Culp, J. M., Dubé, M. G., Cash, K. J., Glozier, N. E., MacLatchy, D. and Brua, B. B.: 2004b, 'Mesocosm Assessment of Pulp Mill and Municipal Sewage Effluent Effects on Benthic Food Webs and Longnose Dace (Rhinichthys cataractae) of the Wapiti River, Alberta', in Environment Canada, Northern Rivers Ecosystem Initiative: Collective Findings (CD-ROM), Compiled by F.M. Conly, (With Alberta Environment), Catalogue Number: En4-41/1-2004E-MRC, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
    • (2004) Environment Canada, Northern Rivers Ecosystem Initiative: Collective Findings
    • Culp, J.M.1    Dubé, M.G.2    Cash, K.J.3    Glozier, N.E.4    MacLatchy, D.5    Brua, B.B.6
  • 15
    • 33645464228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Dissolved Oxygen Relationships of Water Column and Pore Water Habitat: Implications for Guideline Improvements'
    • (CD-ROM), Compiled by F. M. Conly, (With Alberta Environment), Catalogue Number: En4-41/1-2004E-MRC, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
    • Culp, J. M., Glozier, N. E., Medling, M., Wassenaar, L, Wrona, F. J., Koehler, G. and Halliwell, D.: 2004c, 'Dissolved Oxygen Relationships of Water Column and Pore Water Habitat: Implications for Guideline Improvements', in Environment Canada, Northern Rivers Ecosystem Initiative: Collective Findings (CD-ROM), Compiled by F. M. Conly, (With Alberta Environment), Catalogue Number: En4-41/1-2004E-MRC, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
    • (2004) Environment Canada, Northern Rivers Ecosystem Initiative: Collective Findings
    • Culp, J.M.1    Glozier, N.E.2    Medling, M.3    Wassenaar, L.4    Wrona, F.J.5    Koehler, G.6    Halliwell, D.7
  • 16
    • 0345227302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Effects of pulp mill effluent on benthic assemblages in mesocosms along the St. John River, Canada'
    • Culp, J. M., Cash, K. J., Glozier, N. E. and Brua, R. B.: 2003, 'Effects of pulp mill effluent on benthic assemblages in mesocosms along the St. John River, Canada', Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12, 2916-2925.
    • (2003) Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , vol.12 , pp. 2916-2925
    • Culp, J.M.1    Cash, K.J.2    Glozier, N.E.3    Brua, R.B.4
  • 17
    • 0034986536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Integrated assessment of ecosystem integrity of large northern rivers: The Northern Rivers Basins Study example'
    • Culp, J. M., Cash, K. J. and Wrona, F. J.: 2000a, 'Integrated assessment of ecosystem integrity of large northern rivers: The Northern Rivers Basins Study example', J. Aquat. Ecosyst. Stress Recovery 8, 1-5.
    • (2000) J. Aquat. Ecosyst. Stress Recovery , vol.8 , pp. 1-5
    • Culp, J.M.1    Cash, K.J.2    Wrona, F.J.3
  • 18
    • 0034104941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Integrating in situ community experiments with field studies to generate weight-of-evidence risk assessments for large rivers'
    • Culp, J. M., Lowell, R. B. and Cash, K. J.: 2000b, 'Integrating in situ community experiments with field studies to generate weight-of-evidence risk assessments for large rivers', Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 19, 1167-1173.
    • (2000) Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , vol.19 , pp. 1167-1173
    • Culp, J.M.1    Lowell, R.B.2    Cash, K.J.3
  • 19
    • 0034989612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Interactive effects of nutrients and contaminants from pulp mill effluents on riverine benthos'
    • Culp, J. M., Podemski, C. L. and Cash, K. J.: 2000c, 'Interactive effects of nutrients and contaminants from pulp mill effluents on riverine benthos', J. Aquat. Ecosyst. Stress Recovery 8, 67-75.
    • (2000) J. Aquat. Ecosyst. Stress Recovery , vol.8 , pp. 67-75
    • Culp, J.M.1    Podemski, C.L.2    Cash, K.J.3
  • 20
    • 0028112175 scopus 로고
    • 'Patterns in planktonic P:R ratios in lakes: Influence of lake trophy and dissolved carbon'
    • del Giorgio, P. A. and Peters, R. H.: 1994, 'Patterns in planktonic P:R ratios in lakes: Influence of lake trophy and dissolved carbon', Limnol. Oceanogr. 39, 772-787.
    • (1994) Limnol. Oceanogr. , vol.39 , pp. 772-787
    • del Giorgio, P.A.1    Peters, R.H.2
  • 21
    • 0344301938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Suggested classification of stream trophic state: Distributions of temperate stream types by chlorophyll, total nitrogen, and phosphorus'
    • Dodds, W. K., Jones, J. R. and Welch, E. B.: 1997, 'Suggested classification of stream trophic state: Distributions of temperate stream types by chlorophyll, total nitrogen, and phosphorus', Water Res. 32, 1455-1462.
    • (1997) Water Res. , vol.32 , pp. 1455-1462
    • Dodds, W.K.1    Jones, J.R.2    Welch, E.B.3
  • 22
    • 33645474052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Winter Zoobenthic Surveys at Grand Rapids
    • Golder Associates Ltd.: Athabasca River: Assessment of the Effects of Ambient Dissolved Oxygen Conditions, Calgary, AB, Canada. Prepared for Alberta Environment
    • Golder Associates Ltd.: 2004, Winter Zoobenthic Surveys at Grand Rapids, Athabasca River: Assessment of the Effects of Ambient Dissolved Oxygen Conditions, Calgary, AB, Canada. Prepared for Alberta Environment.
    • (2004)
  • 24
    • 0004898536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'A Review of Recent Studies in North America Using Integrated Monitoring Approaches to Assessing Bleached Kraft Mill Effluent Effects on Receiving Waters'
    • M. R. Servos, K. R. Munkittrick, J. H. Carey and G. V. Van Der Kraak (eds) 2nd International Conference on Environmental Fate and Effects of Bleached Pulp Mill Effluents, St. Lucie Press, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Boca Raton, FL
    • Hall, T. J.: 1996, 'A Review of Recent Studies in North America Using Integrated Monitoring Approaches to Assessing Bleached Kraft Mill Effluent Effects on Receiving Waters', in: M. R. Servos, K. R. Munkittrick, J. H. Carey and G. V. Van Der Kraak (eds), Environmental Fate and Effects of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents. 2nd International Conference on Environmental Fate and Effects of Bleached Pulp Mill Effluents, St. Lucie Press, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Boca Raton, FL, pp. 599-612.
    • (1996) Environmental Fate and Effects of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents , pp. 599-612
    • Hall, T.J.1
  • 25
    • 84982638548 scopus 로고
    • 'Fluorometric measurement of alkaline phosphatase activity in algae'
    • Healey, F. P. and Hendzel, L. L.: 1979, 'Fluorometric measurement of alkaline phosphatase activity in algae', Freshwater Biol. 9, 429-439.
    • (1979) Freshwater Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 429-439
    • Healey, F.P.1    Hendzel, L.L.2
  • 26
    • 0001107318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'N:P ratios of freshwater benthic algae'
    • Special Issues Advanced Limnology
    • Kahlert, M.: 1998, 'N:P ratios of freshwater benthic algae', Arch. Hydrobiol. 51, 105-114, Special Issues Advanced Limnology
    • (1998) Arch. Hydrobiol. , vol.51 , pp. 105-114
    • Kahlert, M.1
  • 27
    • 0003982176 scopus 로고
    • 'Macroinvertebrate Field and Laboratory Methods for Evaluating the Biological Integrity of Surface Waters'
    • USEPA, ORD, Env, Monitoring Systems Lab. EPA/600/4-90/030
    • Klemm, D. J., Lewis, P. A., Falk, R. and Lazorchak, J. M.: 1990, 'Macroinvertebrate Field and Laboratory Methods for Evaluating the Biological Integrity of Surface Waters', USEPA, ORD, Env, Monitoring Systems Lab. EPA/600/4-90/030.
    • (1990)
    • Klemm, D.J.1    Lewis, P.A.2    Falk, R.3    Lazorchak, J.M.4
  • 28
    • 0344376482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Assessment of the Pulp and Paper Environmental Effects Monitoring Data
    • National EEM Office, National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
    • Lowell, R. B., Ribey, S., Ellis, I. K., Porter, E., Culp, J. M., Grapentine, L. C., McMaster, M. E., Munkittrick, K. R. and Scroggins, R. P.: 2003, National Assessment of the Pulp and Paper Environmental Effects Monitoring Data, National EEM Office, National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
    • (2003)
    • Lowell, R.B.1    Ribey, S.2    Ellis, I.K.3    Porter, E.4    Culp, J.M.5    Grapentine, L.C.6    McMaster, M.E.7    Munkittrick, K.R.8    Scroggins, R.P.9
  • 29
    • 33645471362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Review of Available Information and Guidelines for Dissolved Oxygen in Northern Rivers'
    • Environment Canada (CD-ROM), Compiled by F. M. Conly, (With Alberta Environment), Catalogue Number: En4-41/1-2004E-MRC, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
    • Meding, M., Culp, J. M. and Glozier, N. E.: 2004, 'Review of Available Information and Guidelines for Dissolved Oxygen in Northern Rivers' in Environment Canada, Northern Rivers Ecosystem Initiative: Collective Findings (CD-ROM), Compiled by F. M. Conly, (With Alberta Environment), Catalogue Number: En4-41/1-2004E-MRC, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
    • (2004) Northern Rivers Ecosystem Initiative: Collective Findings
    • Meding, M.1    Culp, J.M.2    Glozier, N.E.3
  • 31
    • 0013637654 scopus 로고
    • Water Quality Criteria for Nutrients and Algae
    • Technical appendix, Resource Quality Section, Water Management Branch, British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Victoria, BC, Canada
    • Nordin, R. N.: 1985, Water Quality Criteria for Nutrients and Algae, Technical appendix, Resource Quality Section, Water Management Branch, British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Victoria, BC, Canada.
    • (1985)
    • Nordin, R.N.1
  • 32
    • 0004869498 scopus 로고
    • Water Quality of the Athabasca River System, 1990-1993
    • Technical Services and Monitoring Division, Alberta Environmental Protection, Edmonton, AB, Canada
    • Noton, L. R. and Saffran, K. A.: 1995, Water Quality of the Athabasca River System, 1990-1993. Technical Services and Monitoring Division, Alberta Environmental Protection, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
    • (1995)
    • Noton, L.R.1    Saffran, K.A.2
  • 33
    • 33645464576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Final Report'
    • NREI (Northern Rivers Ecosystems Initiative): (CD-ROM), Compiled by F. M. Conly (With Alberta Environment), Catalogue Number: En4-41/ 12004E-MRC, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. Environment Canada
    • NREI (Northern Rivers Ecosystems Initiative): 2004, 'Final Report', in Environment Canada, Northern Rivers Ecosystem Initiative: Collective Findings (CD-ROM), Compiled by F. M. Conly (With Alberta Environment), Catalogue Number: En4-41/12004E-MRC, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
    • (2004) Northern Rivers Ecosystem Initiative: Collective Findings
  • 34
    • 0002275746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Ecotoxicological Effects of Process Changes Implemented in a Pulp and Paper Mill: A Nordic Case Study'
    • M. R. Servos, K. R. Munkittrick, J. H. Carey, and G. J. Van Der Kraak (eds.). St. Lucie Press, DeIray, Fl, USA 1996
    • Oikari, A. and Holmbom, B.:1996, 'Ecotoxicological Effects of Process Changes Implemented in a Pulp and Paper Mill: A Nordic Case Study', in M. R. Servos, K. R. Munkittrick, J. H. Carey, and G. J. Van Der Kraak (eds.). 1996. Environmental Fate and Effects of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents, St. Lucie Press, DeIray, Fl, USA, pp. 613-625.
    • (1996) Environmental Fate and Effects of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents , pp. 613-625
    • Oikari, A.1    Holmbom, B.2
  • 35
    • 0026320354 scopus 로고
    • 'The hazard of pulp and paper effluents in the aquatic environment'
    • Owens, J. W.: 1991, 'The hazard of pulp and paper effluents in the aquatic environment', Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 10, 1511-1540.
    • (1991) Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , vol.10 , pp. 1511-1540
    • Owens, J.W.1
  • 36
    • 0035064357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Forest harvest impacts on water quality and aquatic biota on the Boreal Plain: Introduction to the TROLS lake program'
    • Prepas, E. E., Pinel-Alloul, B., Planas, D., Méhot, G., Paquet, S. and Reedyk, S.: 2001, 'Forest harvest impacts on water quality and aquatic biota on the Boreal Plain: Introduction to the TROLS lake program', Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci 58, 421-436.
    • (2001) Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci , vol.58 , pp. 421-436
    • Prepas, E.E.1    Pinel-Alloul, B.2    Planas, D.3    Méhot, G.4    Paquet, S.5    Reedyk, S.6
  • 37
    • 0033832123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Cumulative effects of pulp mill and municipal effluents on epilithic biomass and nutrient limitation in a large northern river ecosystem'
    • Scrimgeour, G. J. and Chambers, P. A.: 2000, 'Cumulative effects of pulp mill and municipal effluents on epilithic biomass and nutrient limitation in a large northern river ecosystem', Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 57, 1342-1354.
    • (2000) Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , vol.57 , pp. 1342-1354
    • Scrimgeour, G.J.1    Chambers, P.A.2
  • 38
    • 0032586567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Eutrophication: Impacts of excess nutrient inputs on freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems'
    • Smith, V. H., Tilman, G. D. and Nekola, J. C.: 1999. 'Eutrophication: Impacts of excess nutrient inputs on freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems', Environ. Pollut. 100, 179-196.
    • (1999) Environ. Pollut. , vol.100 , pp. 179-196
    • Smith, V.H.1    Tilman, G.D.2    Nekola, J.C.3
  • 39
    • 0003865904 scopus 로고
    • A Review and Assessment of the Ecological Risks Associated with the Use of Chlorine Dioxide for the Bleaching of Pulp
    • Can. Tech. Rep. Science Review Panel, Alliance for Environmental Technology, Erin, Ontario, Canada
    • Solomon, K., Bergman, H., Hugget, R., Mackay, D. and McKague, B.: 1993, A Review and Assessment of the Ecological Risks Associated with the Use of Chlorine Dioxide for the Bleaching of Pulp. Can. Tech. Rep. Science Review Panel, Alliance for Environmental Technology, Erin, Ontario, Canada.
    • (1993)
    • Solomon, K.1    Bergman, H.2    Hugget, R.3    Mackay, D.4    McKague, B.5
  • 40
    • 0003864342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Aquatic Environmental Impact of Pulping and Bleaching Operations - An Overview
    • Finnish Environment Report 17
    • Tana, J. and Lehtinen, K-J.: 1996, The Aquatic Environmental Impact of Pulping and Bleaching Operations - an Overview. Finnish Environment Report 17.
    • (1996)
    • Tana, J.1    Lehtinen, K.-J.2
  • 41
    • 0003556185 scopus 로고
    • Quality Criteria for Water 1986
    • USEPA [United States Environmental Protection Agency]: 440/5-86-001, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Regulations and Standards, Washington, DC, USA
    • USEPA [United States Environmental Protection Agency]: 1986, Quality Criteria for Water 1986, 440/5-86-001, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Regulations and Standards, Washington, DC, USA.
    • (1986)
  • 42
    • 0004112582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USEPA [United States Environmental Protection Agency]: U.S. EPA-822-B00-002, Washington, DC, USA
    • USEPA [United States Environmental Protection Agency]: 2000a, Nutrient Criteria Technical Guidance Manual: Rivers and Streams. U.S. EPA-822-B00-002, Washington, DC, USA.
    • (2000) Nutrient Criteria Technical Guidance Manual: Rivers and Streams
  • 43
    • 33846553461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ambient Water Quality Criteria Recommendations: Information Supporting the Development of State and Tribal Nutrient Criteria Rivers and Streams in Nutrient Ecoregion II
    • USEPA [United States Environmental Protection Agency]: U.S. EPA 822-B-00-015, Washington, DC, USA
    • USEPA [United States Environmental Protection Agency]: 2000b, Ambient Water Quality Criteria Recommendations: Information Supporting the Development of State and Tribal Nutrient Criteria Rivers and Streams in Nutrient Ecoregion II. U.S. EPA 822-B-00-015, Washington, DC, USA.
    • (2000)
  • 44
    • 0017128778 scopus 로고
    • 'The toxicity of pulp and paper mill effluents and corresponding measurement procedures'
    • Walden, C. C.: 1976, 'The toxicity of pulp and paper mill effluents and corresponding measurement procedures', Water Res. 10, 639-664.
    • (1976) Water Res. , vol.10 , pp. 639-664
    • Walden, C.C.1
  • 45
    • 51249172245 scopus 로고
    • 'Nuisance biomass levels of periphytic algae in streams'
    • Welch, E. G., Jacoby, J. M., Horner, R. R. and Seeley, M. R.: 1988, 'Nuisance biomass levels of periphytic algae in streams', Hydrobiol. 157, 161-168.
    • (1988) Hydrobiol. , vol.157 , pp. 161-168
    • Welch, E.G.1    Jacoby, J.M.2    Horner, R.R.3    Seeley, M.R.4
  • 46
    • 0002188021 scopus 로고
    • 'On the definition of plankton production terms'
    • Williams, P. B. leB.: 1993, 'On the definition of plankton production terms', ICES Mar. Sci. Symp. 197, 9-19.
    • (1993) ICES Mar. Sci. Symp. , vol.197 , pp. 9-19
    • Williams P.B.le, B.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.