Immunosuppression for heart transplantation: Where are we now?

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine

Volumn 3, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 203-212

  Kobashigawa, Jon A ^a   Patel, Jignesh K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Acute rejection; Cardiac allograft vasculopathy; Immunosuppression; Intravascular ultrasonography; Statins

Indexed keywords

ALEMTUZUMAB; AZATHIOPRINE; BELATACEPT; CALCINEURIN INHIBITOR; CYCLOSPORIN; CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN 4; DACLIZUMAB; EFALIZUMAB; EVEROLIMUS; FINGOLIMOD; GLUCOCORTICOID; HYBRID PROTEIN; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNOMODULATING AGENT; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; INTERLEUKIN 2 RECEPTOR ANTIBODY; LEA 29Y; LEFLUNOMIDE; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; N BENZYL 2 CYANO 3 (3,4 DIHYDROXYPHENYL)ACRYLAMIDE; OKT 3; PRAVASTATIN; PREDNISONE; PROTEIN FARNESYLTRANSFERASE INHIBITOR; RANTES; RAPAMYCIN; THYMOCYTE ANTIBODY; TSUKUBAENOLIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG;

ACUTE GRAFT REJECTION; ANEMIA; BRADYCARDIA; CARDIAC ALLOGRAFT VASCULOPATHY; CARDIAC GRAFT REJECTION; CATARACT; CHRONIC ALLOGRAFT NEPHROPATHY; CLINICAL TRIAL; CORTICOSTEROID INDUCED OSTEOPOROSIS; CORTICOSTEROID THERAPY; DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG FORMULATION; DRUG MECHANISM; DYSLIPIDEMIA; GINGIVA HYPERPLASIA; GRAFT SURVIVAL; HEART TRANSPLANTATION; HERPES SIMPLEX; HUMAN; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTRICHOSIS; IMMUNOMODULATION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND; LEUKOPENIA; LIVER TOXICITY; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; MYCOSIS; NEPHROTOXICITY; OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTOZOAL INFECTION; REVIEW; RISK REDUCTION; SKIN CANCER; SKIN MANIFESTATION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; THROMBOSIS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREMOR; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; VIRUS INFECTION; WOUND HEALING IMPAIRMENT;

DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; DRUG ADMINISTRATION SCHEDULE; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; GRAFT REJECTION; GRAFT SURVIVAL; HEART TRANSPLANTATION; HUMANS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS; MALE; PROGNOSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TRANSPLANTATION IMMUNOLOGY;

EID: 33645415910     PISSN: 17434297     EISSN: 17434300     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/ncpcardio0510     Document Type: Review

References (66)

1. Caves PK et al. (1973) Results of 54 cardiac transplants. Surgery 74: 307-314
2. Auphan N et al. (1995) Immunosuppression by glucocorticoids: Inhibition of NF-κB activity through induction of IκB synthesis. Science 270: 286-290
3. Scheinman RI et al. (1995) Role of transcriptional activation of IκBα in mediation of immunosuppression by glucocorticoids. Science 270: 283-286
4. Olivari MT et al. (1995) Triple-drug immunosuppression with steroid discontinuation by six months after heart transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 14: 127-135
5. Kobashigawa JA et al. (1995) Corticosteroid weaning late after heart transplantation: Relation to HLA-DR mismatching and long-term metabolic benefits. J Heart Lung Transplant 14: 963-967
6. Opelz G et al. (2005) Long-term prospective study of steroid withdrawal in kidney and heart transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 5: 720-728
7. Borel JF et al. (1977) Effects of the new antilymphocytic peptide cyclosporin A in animals. Immunology 32: 1017-1025
8. Oyer P et al. (1983) Cyclosporine in cardiac transplantation: A 21/2 year follow-up. Transplant Proc 15 (Suppl 1-2): S2546-S2581
9. Cheung A and Menkis AH (1998) Cyclosporine heart transplantation. Transplant Proc 30: 1881-1884
10. Cooney GF et al. (1998) Comparative bioavailability of Neoral and Sandimmune in cardiac transplant recipients over 1 year. Transplant Proc 30: 1892-1894
11. Eisen HJ et al. (2001) Safety tolerability and efficacy of cyclosporine microemulsion in heart transplant recipients: A randomized multicenter double-blind comparison with the oil-based formulation of cyclosporine - results at 24 months after transplantation. Transplantation 71: 70-78
12. Carrier M et al. (1997) Comparison of Neoral and Sandimmune cyclosporine for induction of immunosuppression after heart transplantation. Can J Cardiol 13: 469-473
13. Maccherini M et al. (1998) Neoral versus Sandimmun: Clinical impact and modification of immunosuppressive therapy in cardiac transplantation. Transplant Proc 30: 1904-1905
14. Yonan NA et al. (1998) Long-term safety and efficacy of Neoral in heart transplantation. Transplant Proc 30: 1906-1909
15. Cantarovich M et al. (1999) Clinical benefit of neoral dose monitoring with cyclosporine 2-hr post-dose levels compared with trough levels in stable heart transplant patients. Transplantation 68: 1839-1842
16. Taylor DO et al. (1999) A randomized multicenter comparison of tacrolimus and cyclosporine immunosuppressive regimens in cardiac transplantation: Decreased hyperlipidemia and hypertension with tacrolimus. J Heart Lung Transplant 18: 336-345
17. Reichart B et al. (2001) European multicenter tacrolimus heart pilot study: Three year follow-up. J Heart Lung Transplant 20: 249-250
18. Armitage JM et al. (1992) Clinical trial of FK 506 immunosuppression in adult cardiac transplantation. Ann Thorac Surg 54: 205-210
19. Mentzer RM Jr et al. (1998) Tacrolimus as a rescue immunosuppressant after heart and lung transplantation. The US Multicenter FK506 Study Group. Transplantation 65: 109-113
20. Meiser BM et al. (1997) TACROLIMUS: A superior agent to OKT3 for treating cases of persistent rejection after intrathoracic transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 16: 795-800
21. Taylor DO et al. (2001) Suggested guidelines for the use of tacrolimus in cardiac transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 20: 734-738
22. Kobashigawa JA et al. (2006) Five-year results of a randomized, single-center study of tacrolimus versus microemulsion cyclosporine in heart transplant patients. J Heart Lung Transplant [doi:10.1016/ j.healun.2005.11.452]
23. Edwards L and Taylor DO (2005) Does the choice of immunosuppressive agent impact the development of renal insufficiency following heart transplantation? Am J Transplant 5 (Suppl 11): 249
24. Baran DA et al. (2002) Current practices: Immounosuppression. Curr Opin Cardiol 17: 165-170
25. Delgado DH et al. (2005) Use of basiliximab and cyclosporine in heart transplant patients with preoperative renal dysfunction. J Heart Lung Transplant 24: 166-169
26. Cantarovich M et al. (2002) Anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody coverage allows for calcineurin inhibitor "holiday" in solid organ transplant patients with acute renal dysfunction. Transplantation 73: 1169-1172
27. Hershberger RE et al. (2005) Daclizumab to prevent rejection after cardiac transplantation. N Engl J Med 352: 2705-2713
28. Opelz G and Dohler B (2004) Lymphomas after solid organ transplantation: a collaborative transplant study report. Am J Transplant 4: 222-230
29. Kobashigawa J et al. (1998) A randomized active-controlled trial of mycophenolate mofetil in heart transplant recipients. Mycophenolate Mofetil Investigators. Transplantation 66: 507-515
30. Radovancevic B and Vrtovec B (2003) Sirolimus therapy in cardiac transplantation. Transplant Proc 35 (Suppl): S171-S176
31. Keogh A et al. (2004) Sirolimus in de novo heart transplant recipients reduces acute rejection and prevents coronary artery disease at 2 years: a randomized clinical trial. Circulation 110: 2694-2700
32. Mancini D et al. (2003) Use of rapamycin slows progression of cardiac transplantation vasculopathy. Circulation 108: 48-53
33. King-Biggs MB et al. (2003) Airway anastomotic dehiscence associated with use of sirolimus immediately after lung transplantation. Transplantation 75: 1437-1443
34. Dean PG et al (2004) Wound-healing complications after kidney transplantation: A prospective, randomized comparison of sirolimus and tacrolimus. Transplantation 77: 1555-1561
35. Eisen HJ et al. (2003) Everolimus for the prevention of allograft rejection and vasculopathy in cardiac-transplant recipients. N Engl J Med 349: 847-858
36. Stallone G et al. (2005) Sirolimus for Kaposi's sarcoma in renal-transplant recipients. N Engl J Med 352: 1317-1323
37. Kobashigawa J et al. 12 month report of a 3 arm multicenter comparision of tacrolimus MMF or Tac/Sirolimus and steroids vs cyclosporine microemulsion MMF and steroids in de novo cardiac transplant recipients. Am J Transplant, in press
38. Angermann CE et al. (2004) Reduction of cyclosporine after introduction of mycophenolate mofetil improves chronic renal dysfunction in heart transplant recipients - the IMPROVED multi-centre study. Eur Heart J 25: 1626-1634
39. Groetzner J et al. (2004) Mycophenolate mofetil and sirolimus as calcineurin inhibitor-free immunosuppression for late cardiac-transplant recipients with chronic renal failure. Transplantation 77: 568-574
40. Kobashigawa JA et al. (1995) Effect of pravastatin on outcomes after cardiac transplantation. N Engl J Med 333: 621-627
41. Wenke K et al. (2003) Simvastatin initiated early after heart transplantation: 8-year prospective experience. Circulation 107: 93-97
42. Kobashigawa JA et al. (2005) Ten-year follow-up of a randomized trial of pravastatin in heart transplant patients. J Heart Lung Transplant [doi:10.1016/j.healun.2005.02.009]
43. Kwak B et al. (2000) Statins as a newly recognized type of immunomodulator. Nat Med 6: 1399-1402
44. Kobashigawa JA et al. (2004) Statins in solid organ transplantation: Is there an immunosuppressive effect? Am J Transplant 4: 1013-1018
45. ras upon T-cell activation. Nature 346: 719-723
46. i signaling, alters cell shape and motility, and induces apoptosis in T lymphocytes. Cell Immunol 201: 6-13
47. Maggard MA et al. (1999) Inhibition of transplant vasculopathy by pravastatin is associated with attenuated host allo-antibody response. Transpl Proc 1-2: 728-729
48. Rose EA et al. (1989) Humoral immune responses after cardiac transplantation correlation with fatal rejection and graft atherosclerosis. Surgery 106: 203-207
49. Park MH et al. (1998) Anti-donor HLA antibodies associated with allograft arteriopathy detected using intravascular ultrasound. Transplantation 65 (Suppl): S26
50. Maggard MA et al. (1998) Effects of pravastatin on chronic rejection of rat cardiac allografts. Transplantation 65: 149-155
51. Calne R et al. (1999) Campath IH allows low-dose cyclosporine monotherapy in 31 cadaveric renal allograft recipients. Transplantation 68: 1613-1616
52. Knechtle SJ et al. (2003) Campath-1H induction plus rapamycin monotherapy for renal transplantation: Results of a pilot study. Am J Transplant 3: 722-730
53. Vincenti F et al. (2005) Costimulation blockade with belatacept in renal transplantation. N Engl J Med 353: 770-781
54. Pierson RN III et al. (1999) Prolongation of primate cardiac allograft survival by treatment with ANTI-CD40 ligand (CD154) antibody. Transplantation 68: 1800-1805
55. Kobashigawa J et al. Further analysis of the intravascular ultrasound data from the randomised mycopenolate mofetil (MMF) trial in heart transplant recipients. Am J Transplant, in press
56. Kobashigawa JA et al. (2005) Multicenter intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) validation study among heart transplant recipients: Outcomes after 5 years. J Am Coll Cardiol 45: 1532-1537
57. Halloran PF and Gourishankar S (2001) Principles and overview of immunosuppression. In Primer on Transplantation, edn 2, 87-98 (Eds Norman DJ and Turka LA) Mount Laurel: American Society of Transplantation
58. Borie DC et al. (2005) Immunosuppression by the JAK3 inhibitor CP-690,550 delays rejection and significantly prolongs kidney allograft survival in nonhuman primates. Transplantation 79: 791-801
59. Higuchi T et al. (2005) Prevention of acute lung allograft rejection in rat by the janus kinase 3 inhibitor, tyrphostin AG490. J Heart Lung Transplant 24: 1557-1564
60. Williams JW et al. (2002) Experiences with leflunomide in solid organ transplantation. Transplantation 73: 358-366
61. Hardinger KL et al. (2002) Prospective, pilot, open-label, short-term study of conversion to leflunomide reverses chronic renal allograft dysfunction. Am J Transplant 2: 867-871
62. Tedesco-Silva H et al. (2005) FTY720, a novel immunomodulator: Efficacy and safety results from the first phase 2A study in de novo renal transplantation. Transplantation 79: 1553-1560
63. Vincenti F et al. (2001) A phase I/II trial of anti-CD11a monoclonal antibody in renal transplantation. Am J Transplant 1 (Suppl): S276
64. Kirk A et al. (2001) Preliminary results of the use of humanized anti-CD154 in human renal transplantation. Am J Transplant 1 (Suppl): S191
65. Yun JJ et al. (2004) Combined blockade of the chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR5 attenuates chronic rejection. Circulation 109: 932-937
66. Si MS et al. (2003) Farnesyltransferase inhibition: A novel method of immunomodulation. Int Immunopharmacol 3: 475-483