Explaining sex differences in managerial career satisfier preferences: The role of gender self-schema

Journal of Applied Psychology

Volumn 91, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 437-445

  Eddleston, Kimberly A ^a,c   Veiga, John F ^b   Powell, Gary N ^b  

^a NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT   (United States)

^c NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Careers; Gender self schema; Socioemotional career satisfiers; Status based career satisfiers

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; DECISION MAKING; ECONOMICS; EMPLOYMENT; FEMALE; GENDER IDENTITY; HUMAN; JOB SATISFACTION; MALE; PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; QUESTIONNAIRE; SELF CONCEPT; SEX DIFFERENCE; SOCIOECONOMICS;

CAREER CHOICE; CHOICE BEHAVIOR; EMPLOYMENT; FEMALE; GENDER IDENTITY; HUMANS; JOB SATISFACTION; MALE; PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT; QUESTIONNAIRES; SELF CONCEPT; SEX FACTORS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS;

EID: 33645399033     PISSN: 00219010     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.91.2.437     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 411-423.
2. Ashforth, B. E., & Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization. Academy of Management Review, 14, 20-39.
3. Bagozzi, R. P., & Heatherton, T. F. (1994). A general approach for representing multifaceted personality constructs: Application to state self-esteem. Structural Equation Modeling, 1, 35-67.
4. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
5. Bem, S. L. (1974). The measurement of psychological androgyny. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 155-162.
6. Bem, S. L. (1981a). Bem Sex-Role Inventory: Professional manual. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
7. Bem, S. L. (1981b). Gender schema theory: A cognitive account of sex typing. Psychological Review, 4, 354-364.
8. Bem, S. L. (1993). The lenses of gender: Transforming the debate on sexual inequality. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
9. Best, D. L., & Williams, J. E. (1998). Masculinity and femininity in the self and ideal self descriptions of university students in 14 countries. In G. Hofstede with W. A. Arrindell, D. L. Best, M. De Mooij, M. H. Hoppe, E. Van de Vliert, J. H. A. Van Rossum, J. Verweij, M. Vunderink, & J. E. Williams, Masculinity and femininity: The taboo dimension of national cultures (pp. 106-116). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
10. Bollen, K. A. (1989). Structural equations with latent variables. New York: Wiley.
11. Buss, D. M. (1995a). Evolutionary psychology: A new paradigm for psychological science. Psychological Inquiry, 6, 1-30.
12. Buss, D. M. (1995b). Psychological sex differences: Origins through sexual selection. American Psychologist, 50, 164-168.
13. Childs, A., & Klimoski, R. (1986). Successfully predicting career success: An application of the biographical inventory. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 3-8.
14. Crosby, F. (1982). Relative deprivation and working women. New York: Oxford University Press.
15. Darley, J. M., & Fazio, R. H. (1980). Expectancy-confirmation processes arising in the social interaction sequence. American Psychologist, 35, 867-881.
16. Deaux, K., & Kite, M. (1993). Gender stereotypes. In F. L. Denmark & M. A. Paludi (Eds.), Psychology of women: A handbook of issues and theories (pp. 107-139). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
17. Deaux, K., & LaFrance, M. (1998). Gender. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (4th ed., Vol. 1, pp. 788-827). Boston: McGraw-Hill.
18. Eagly, A. H., Wood, W., & Diekman, A. B. (2000). Social role theory of sex differences and similarities: A current appraisal. In T. Eckes & H. M. Trautner (Eds.), The developmental social psychology of gender (pp. 123-174). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
19. Edwards, V. J., & Spence, J. T. (1987). Gender-related traits, stereotypes, and schemata. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 146-154.
20. Feingold, A. (1994). Gender differences in personality: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 116, 429-456.
21. Frable, D. E. S. (1997). Gender, racial, ethnic, sexual, and class identities. In J. T. Spence, J. M. Darley, & D. J. Foss (Eds.), Annual review of psychology (Vol. 48, pp. 139-162). Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews.
22. Gallos, J. V. (1989). Exploring women's development: Implications for career theory, practice, and research. In M. B. Arthur, D. T. Hall, & B. S. Lawrence (Eds.), Handbook of career theory (pp. 110-132). Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
23. Gattiker, U. E., & Larwood, L. (1988). Predictors for managers' career mobility, success, and satisfaction. Human Relations, 41, 569-591.
24. Geis, F. L. (1993). Self-fulfilling prophecies: A social psychological view of gender. In A. E. Beall & R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), The psychology of gender (pp. 9-54). New York: Guilford Press.
25. Greenhaus, J. H., & Parasuraman, S. (1999). Research on work, family, and gender: Current status and future directions. In G. N. Powell (Ed.), Handbook of gender and work (pp. 391-412). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
26. Greenwald, A. G. (1980). The totalitarian ego: Fabrication and revision of personal history. American Psychologist, 35, 603-618.
27. Hall, D. T. (2002). Careers in and out of organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
28. Helgesen, S. (1990). The female advantage: Women's ways of leadership. New York: Currency Doubleday.
29. Jennings, E. E. (1971). The mobile manager: A study of the new generation of top executives. New York: McGraw-Hill.
30. Judge, T. A., Cable, D. M., Boudreau, J. W., & Bretz, R. D., Jr. (1995). An empirical investigation of the predictors of executive career success. Personnel Psychology, 48, 485-519.
31. Kenny, D. A. (1979). Correlation and causality. New York: Wiley.
32. Kenny, D. A., Kashy, D. A., & Bolger, N. (1998). Data analysis in social psychology. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (4th ed., Vol. 1, pp. 233-265). New York: Oxford University Press.
33. Kirchmeyer, C. (2002). Change and stability in managers' gender roles. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 929-939.
34. Konrad, A. M., Ritchie, J. E., Jr., Lieb, P., & Corrigall, E. (2000). Sex differences and similarities in job attribute preferences: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 593-641.
35. Lefkowitz, J. (1994). Sex-related differences in job attitudes and dispositional variables: Now you see them, . . . Academy of Management Journal, 37, 323-349.
36. Lippa, R. A. (2002). Gender, nature, and nurture. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
37. Lobel, S. A., & St. Clair, L. (1992). Effects of family responsibilities, gender, and career identity salience on performance outcomes. Academy of Management Journal, 35, 1057-1069.
38. Lodahl, T. M., & Kejner, M. (1965). The definition and measurement of job involvement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 49, 24-33.
39. Lyness, K. S., & Thompson, D. E. (2000). Climbing the corporate ladder: Do female and male executives follow the same route? Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 86-101.
40. Marini, M. M., & Brinton, M. C. (1984). Sex typing in occupational socialization. In B. F. Reskin (Ed.), Sex segregation in the workplace: Trends, explanations, remedies (pp. 192-232). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
41. Markus, H. (1977). Self-schemata and processing information about the self. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35, 63-78.
42. Markus, H., Crane, M., Bernstein, S., & Siladi, M. (1982). Self-schemas and gender. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 38-50.
43. Markus, H., & Wurf, E. (1987). The dynamic self-concept: A social psychological perspective. In M. R. Rosenzweig & L. W. Porter (Eds.), Annual review of psychology (Vol. 38, pp. 299-337). Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews.
44. Martin, C. L. (2000). Cognitive theories of gender development. In T. Eckes & H. M. Trautner (Eds.), The developmental social psychology of gender (pp. 91-121). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
45. Martins, L. L., Eddleston, K. A., & Veiga, J. F. (2002). Moderators of the relationship between work-family conflict and career satisfaction. Academy of Management Journal, 45, 399-409.
46. Medsker, G. J., Williams, L. J., & Holohan, P. J. (1994). A review of current practices for evaluating causal models in organizational behavior and human resources management research. Journal of Management, 20, 439-464.
47. Morrison, A. M., & Von Glinow, M. A. (1990). Women and minorities in management. American Psychologist, 45, 200-208.
48. Powell, G. N. (1999). Reflections on the glass ceiling: Recent trends and future prospects. In G. N. Powell (Ed.), Handbook of gender and work (pp. 325-345). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
49. Powell, G. N., Butterfield, D. A., & Parent, J. D. (2002). Gender and managerial stereotypes: Have the times changed? Journal of Management, 28, 177-193.
50. Powell, G. N., & Graves, L. M. (2003). Women and men in management (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
51. Powell, G. N., & Mainiero, L. A. (1992). Cross-currents in the river of time: Conceptualizing the complexities of women's careers. Journal of Management, 18, 215-237.
52. Rosener, J. B. (1990). Ways women lead. Harvard Business Review, 68(6), 119-125.
53. Ruble, D. N., & Martin, C. L. (1998). Gender development. In W. Damon (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (5th ed., pp. 933-1016). New York: Wiley.
54. Scott, J. (1991). Social network analysis. London, United Kingdom: Sage.
55. Snyder, M. (1992). Motivational foundations of behavioral confirmation. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 25, pp. 67-114). New York: Academic Press.
56. Stroh, L. K., Brett, J. M., & Reilly, A. H. (1992). All the right stuff: A comparison of female and male managers' career progression. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 251-260.
57. Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1986). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In S. Worchel & W. G. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations (2nd ed., pp. 7-24). Chicago: Nelson-Hall.
58. Tepper, B. (1995). Upward maintenance tactics in supervisory mentoring and nonmentoring relationships. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 1191-1205.
59. Tharenou, P., Latimer, S., & Conroy, D. (1994). How do you make it to the top? An examination of influences on women's and men's managerial advancement. Academy of Management Journal, 37, 899-931.
60. Thoits, P. A. (1991). On merging identity theory and stress research. Social Psychology Quarterly, 54, 101-112.
61. Veiga, J. F. (1981). Plateaued vs. nonplateaued managers: Career patterns, attitudes, and path potential. Academy of Management Journal, 24, 566-578.
62. Wheeler, K. G. (1981). Sex differences in perceptions of desired rewards, availability of rewards, and abilities in relation to occupational selection. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 54, 141-148.