Aerobic bacterial flora of the vagina and prepuce of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) and investigation of associations with urogenital carcinoma

Veterinary Microbiology

Volumn 114, Issue 1-2, 2006, Pages 94-103

  Johnson, Shawn ^a,e   Lowenstine, Linda ^a   Gulland, Frances ^b   Jang, Spencer ^a   Imai, Denise ^a   Almy, Frederic ^c   DeLong, Robert ^d   Gardner, Ian ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b THE MARINE MAMMAL CENTER   (United States)

^c VIRGINIA MARYLAND REGIONAL COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE   (United States)

^d ALASKA FISHERIES SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Bacteria; Microbiology; Sea lion; Streptococcus phocae; Urogenital carcinoma

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL FLORA; BACTERIAL INFECTION; BACTERIUM CULTURE; BACTERIUM ISOLATION; BETA HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCUS; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORYNEBACTERIUM; CYTOLOGY; DATA ANALYSIS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ESCHERICHIA COLI; GENITAL TRACT INFECTION; MORAXELLA; NONHUMAN; PREPUCE; PSYCHROBACTER; SEAL; STREPTOCOCCUS; UROGENITAL TRACT CANCER; VAGINA FLORA; ZALOPHUS CALIFORNIANUS;

AGE FACTORS; ANIMALS; BACTERIA, AEROBIC; BACTERIAL TOXINS; FEMALE; HEMOLYSIN PROTEINS; MALE; PENIS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SEA LIONS; SEX FACTORS; SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE; STREPTOCOCCUS; UROGENITAL NEOPLASMS; VAGINA;

ANIMALIA; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CORYNEBACTERIUM; ESCHERICHIA COLI; OTARIIDAE; PSYCHROBACTER; PSYCHROBACTER PHENYLPYRUVICUS; STREPTOCOCCUS; STREPTOCOCCUS PHOCAE; ZALOPHUS; ZALOPHUS CALIFORNIANUS;

EID: 33645223896     PISSN: 03781135     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.11.045     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. J.R. Baker, and T.S. McCann Pathology and bacteriology of adult male Antarctic fur seals, Arctocephalus gazella, dying at Bird Island, South Georgia Br. Vet. J. 145 1989 263 275
2. M.R. Bara, M.R. McGowan, D. O'Boyle, and R.D. Cameron A study of the microbial flora of the anterior vagina of normal sows during different stages of the reproductive cycle Aust. Vet. J. 70 1993 256 259
3. D.J. Bradley, R. Spraker, D. Calkins, and T. Loughlin Bacterial and Chlamydial culture results from Steller sea lions from the Gulf of Alaska and southeast Alaska Proc. Int. Assoc. Aquat. Anim. Med. 25 1994 96 99
4. Calkins, D., Goodwin, E., 1988. Investigations of the declining sea lion population in the Gulf of Alaska. (Alaskan Department of Fish and Game).
5. J. Cavanagh, J.J. Austin, and K. Sanderson Novel Psychrobacter species from Antarctic ornithogenic soils Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 46 1996 841 848
6. A. Cloeckaert, M. Grayon, and O. Grepinet An IS711 element downstream of the bp26 gene is a specific marker of Brucella spp. isolated from marine mammals Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 7 2000 835 839
7. L. Doyle, C.L. Young, S.S. Jang, and S.L. Hillier Normal vaginal aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora of the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) J. Med. Primatol. 20 1991 409 413
8. J.E. Foley, J.V. Solnick, J.M. Lapointe, S. Jang, and N.C. Pedersen Identification of a novel enteric Helicobacter species in a kitten with severe diarrhea J. Clin. Microbiol. 36 1998 908 912
9. W.G. Gilmartin, P.M. Vainik, and V.M. Neill Salmonellae in feral pinnipeds off the Southern California coast J. Wildl. Dis. 15 1979 511 514
10. C.J. Gonzalez, J.A. Santos, M.L. Garcia-Lopez, and A. Otero Psychrobacters and related bacteria in freshwater fish J. Food. Product. 63 2000 315 321
11. F. Guijon, M. Paraskevas, F. Rand, E. Heywood, R. Brunham, and P. McNicol Vaginal microbial flora as a cofactor in the pathogenesis of uterine cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet. 37 1992 185 191
12. F.B. Guijon, M. Paraskevas, and R. Brunham The association of sexually transmitted diseases with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a case-control study Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 151 1985 185 190
13. F. Gulland, J. Trupkiewicz, T.R. Spraker, and L.J. Lowenstine Metastatic carcinoma of probable transitional cell origin in 66 free-living California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), 1979-1994 J. Wildl. Dis. 32 1996 250 258
14. A. Guttigoli, and M.M. Zaman Bacteremia and possible endocarditis caused by Moraxella phenylpyruvica South. Med. J. 93 2000 708 709
15. M.M. Henton, O. Zapke, and P.A. Basson Streptococcus phocae infections associated with starvation in Cape fur seals J. S. Afric. Vet. Assoc. 70 1999 98 99
16. D.C. Hirsh, and N. Wiger The bacterial flora of the normal canine vagina compared with that of vaginal exudates J. Small. Anim. Pract. 18 1977 25 30
17. D.C. Hirsh, and E.L. Biberstein Streptococcus and Enterococcus D.C. Hirsh N.J. MacLachlan R.L. Walker Veterinary Microbiology second ed. 2004 Blackwell Science Malden, Mass 159 165
18. D.C. Hirsh N.J. MacLachlan R.L. Walker Veterinary Microbiology second ed. 2004 Blackwell Science Malden, Mass 536
19. E.B. Howard Pathobiology of marine mammal diseases 1983 CRC Press Boca Raton, FL 248 pp
20. S.S. Jang, E.L. Biberstein, and D.C. Hirsh A diagnostic manual of veterinary clinical bacteriology and mycology Rev. Edition. Davis. Calif. 1986 221
21. S.P. Johnson, S. Jang, F.M. Gulland, M.A. Miller, D.R. Casper, J. Lawrence, and J. Herrera Characterization and clinical manifestations of Arcanobacterium phocae infections in marine mammals stranded along the central California coast J. Wildl. Dis. 39 2003 136 144
22. Johnston, D., Fung, J., 1971. Bacterial flora of wild propoises, seals, and sea lions of Pacific coastal waters. In: Conference on Biological Sonar and Diving Mammals. Proceedings 7, 191-216. 1970. From: J. Mammal. 1971. 52 (4 Suppl.), 79.
23. D.P. King, M.C. Hure, T. Goldstein, B.M. Aldridge, F.M. Gulland, J.T. Saliki, E.L. Buckles, L.J. Lowenstine, and J.L. Stott Otarine herpesvirus-1: a novel gammaherpesvirus associated with urogenital carcinoma in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) Vet. Microbiol. 86 2002 131 137
24. T.P. Lipscomb, D.P. Scott, R.L. Garber, A.E. Krafft, M.M. Tsai, J.H. Lichy, J.K. Taubenberger, F.Y. Schulman, and F.M. Gulland Common metastatic carcinoma of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus): evidence of genital origin and association with novel gammaherpesvirus Vet. Pathol. 37 2000 609 617
25. P.R. Murray seventh ed. Manual of Clinical Microbiology vol. xxi 1999 ASM Press Washington, DC 1773 pp
26. O. Nielsen, R.E. Stewart, K. Nielsen, L. Measures, and P. Duignan Serologic survey of Brucella spp. antibodies in some marine mammals of North America J Wildl Dis. 37 2001 89 100
27. C. Otero, L. Saavedra, C. Silva de Ruiz, O. Wilde, A.R. Holgado, and M.E. Nader-Macias Vaginal bacterial microflora modifications during the growth of healthy cows Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 31 2000 251 254
28. I. Skaar, P. Gaustad, T. Tonjum, B. Holm, and H. Stenwig Streptococcus phocae sp. nov., a new species isolated from clinical specimens from seals Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 44 1994 646 650
29. A.W. Smith, R.J. Brown, D.E. Skilling, and R.L. DeLong Leptospira pomona and reproductive failure in California sea lions J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 165 1974 996 998
30. W.A. Smith, J.A.K. Mazet, and D.C. Hirsh Salmonella in California wildlife species: prevalence in rehabilitation centers and characterization of isolates J. Zoo. Wildl. Med. 33 2002 228 235
31. J.C. Sweeney, and W.G. Gilmartin Survey of diseases in free-living California sea lions J. Wildl. Dis. 10 1974 370 376
32. M. Swenshon, C. Lammler, and U. Siebert Identification and molecular characterization of beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) of the North and Baltic Seas J. Clin. Microbiol. 36 1998 1902 1906
33. J.E. Sykes, V.P. Studdert, G. Anderson, and G.F. Browning Comparison of Chlamydia psittaci from cats with upper respiratory tract disease by polymerase chain reaction analysis of the ompA gene Vet. Rec. 140 1997 310 313
34. H. Tamim, R.R. Finan, H.E. Sharida, M. Rashid, and W.Y. Almawi Cervicovaginal coinfections with human papillomavirus and Chlamydia trachomatis Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 43 2002 277 281
35. S.M. Thornton, S. Nolan, and F.M. Gulland Bacterial isolates from California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), harbor seals (Phoca vitulina), and northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) admitted to a rehabilitation center along the central California coast, 1994-1995 J. Zoo. Wildl. Med. 29 1998 171 176
36. A. Vossen, A. Abdulmawjood, C. Lammler, R. Weiss, and U. Siebert Identification and molecular characterization of beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) and grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus) of the German North and Baltic Seas J. Clin. Microbiol. 42 2004 469 473