Antifungal agents for preventing fungal infections in non-neutropenic critically ill and surgical patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Volumn 57, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 628-638

  Playford, E Geoffrey ^a,b   Webster, Angela C ^c,d   Sorrell, Tania C ^b   Craig, Jonathan C ^c,d  

^a PRINCESS ALEXANDRA HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^d CHILDREN S HOSPITAL AT WESTMEAD   (Australia)

Author keywords

Antifungals; Candidiasis; Critical care; Fluconazole; Fungaemia; Intensive care; Ketoconazole; Mycoses

Indexed keywords

ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; CLOTRIMAZOLE; FLUCONAZOLE; KETOCONAZOLE; NYSTATIN; PLACEBO; PYRROLE DERIVATIVE;

ABSTRACT REPORT; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; CANDIDA GLABRATA; CANDIDA KRUSEI; CANDIDIASIS; CLINICAL TRIAL; COCHRANE LIBRARY; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CRITICALLY ILL PATIENT; DRUG INDUSTRY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; EMBASE; FUNGAL COLONIZATION; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INFORMATION PROCESSING; MEDLINE; META ANALYSIS; METHODOLOGY; MORTALITY; MYCOSIS; NEUTROPENIA; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PROPHYLAXIS; QUALITY CONTROL; REVIEW; RISK REDUCTION; SURGICAL PATIENT; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT;

ADULT; ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; CRITICAL ILLNESS; FLUCONAZOLE; HUMANS; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST; INCIDENCE; KETOCONAZOLE; MYCOSES; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS;

EID: 33645124177     PISSN: 03057453     EISSN: 14602091     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dki491     Document Type: Review

References (54)

1. Ostrosky-Zeichner L. New approaches to the risk of Candida in the intensive care unit. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2003; 16: 533-7.
2. Borzotta AP, Beardsley K. Candida infections in critically ill trauma patients:a retrospective case-control study. Arch Surg 1999;134: 657-64.
3. Petri MG, Konig J, Moecke HP et al. Epidemiology of invasive mycosis in ICU patients: A prospective multicenter study in 435 non-neutropenic patients. Intensive Care Med 1997; 23: 317-25.
4. Pittet D, Monod M, Suter PM et al. Candida colonization and subsequent infections in critically ill surgical patients. Ann Surg 1994; 220: 751-8.
5. Rangel-Frausto MS, Wiblin T, Blumberg HM et al. National epidemiology of mycoses survey (NEMIS): Variations in rates of bloodstream infections due to Candida species in seven surgical intensive care units and six neonatal intensive care units. Clin Infect Dis 1999; 29: 253-8.
6. Blumberg HM, Jarvis WR, Soucie JM et al. Risk factors for candidal bloodstream infections in surgical intensive care unit patients: the NEMIS prospective multicenter study. The National Epidemiology of Mycosis Survey. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 33: 177-86.
7. Fridkin SK, Jarvis WR. Epidemiology of nosocomial fungal infections. Clin Microbiol Rev 1996; 9: 499-511.
8. McKinnon PS, Goff DA, Kern JW et al. Temporal assessment of Candida risk factors in the surgical intensive care unit. Arch Surg 2001; 136: 1401-8; discussion 1409.
9. Edmond MB, Wallace SE, McClish DK et al. Nosocomial blood-stream infections in United States hospitals: A three-year analysis. Clin Infect Dis 1999; 29: 239-44.
10. Pelz RK, Lipsett PA, Swoboda SM et al. Candida infections: outcome and attributable ICU costs in critically ill patients. J Intensive Care Med 2000; 15: 255-61.
11. Leleu G, Aegerter P, Guidet B. Systemic candidiasis in intensive care units: A multicenter, matched-cohort study. J Crit Care 2002; 17: 168-75.
12. Rentz AM, Halpern MT, Bowden R. The impact of candidemia on length of hospital stay, outcome, and overall cost of illness. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27: 781-8.
13. Kanda Y, Yamamoto R, Chizuka A et al. Prophylactic action of oral fluconazole against fungal infection in neutropenic patients. A meta-analysis of 16 randomized, controlled trials. Cancer 2000; 89: 1611-25.
14. Bow EJ, Laverdiere M, Lussier N et al. Antifungal prophylaxis for severely neutropenic chemotherapy patients. A meta analysis of randomized-controlled clinical trials. Cancer 2002; 94: 3230-46.
15. Gotzsche PC, Johansen HK. Routine versus selective antifungal administration for control of fungal infections in patients with cancer. In: Cochrane Library, Issue 1. Chicester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2004.
16. Playford EG, Webster AC, Sorell TC et al. Antifungal agents for preventing fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients. In: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 2. Chicester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2004.
17. Calandra T, Marchetti O. Antifungal prophylaxis for intensive care unit patients: Let's fine tune it. Intensive Care Med 2002; 28: 1698-700.
18. Rex JH, Sobel JD. Prophylactic antifungal therapy in the intensive care unit. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32: 1191-200.
19. Sobel JD, Rex JH. Invasive candidiasis: Turning risk into a practical prevention policy? Clin Infect Dis 2001; 33: 187-90.
20. Gauzit R, Cohen Y, Dupont H et al. Infections by Candida sp. in intensive care. Survey of French practices. Presse Med 2003; 32: 440-9.
21. Eggimann P, Calandra T, Fluckiger U et al. Invasvie candidasis: Comparison of management choices by infectious diseases and critical care specialists. Intensive Care Med 2005; 2005: 1514-7.
22. Pappas PG, Rex JH, Sobel JD et al. Guidelines for treatment of candidiasis. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38: 161-89.
23. Higgins J, Green S. Highly sensitive search strategies for identifying reports of randomized controlled trials in MEDLINE. In: Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 4.2.5; Section 4. The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2005. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005.
24. Lefebvre C, McDonald S. Development of a sensitive search strategy for reports of randomized controlled trials in EMBASE. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Cochrane Colloquim, Adelaide, Australia, 1996. Abstract A-28, p. 33. Cochrane Collaboration.
25. Ascioglu S, Rex JH, de Pauw B et al. Defining opportunistic invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients with cancer and hemopoietic stem cell transplants: An international consensus. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34: 7-14.
26. Higgins J, Green S. Assessment of study quality. In: Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 4.2.5; Section 6. The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2005. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005.
27. Higgins PT, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ et al. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ 2003; 327: 557-60.
28. Egger M, Davey-Smith G, Schneider M et al. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ 1997; 315: 629-34.
29. Ables AZ, Blumer NA, Valainis GT et al. Fluconazole prophylaxis of severe candida infection in trauma and postsurgical patients: A prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Infect Dis Clin Pract 2000; 9: 169-75.
30. Eggimann P, Francioli P, Bille J et al. Fluconazole prophylaxis prevents intra-abdominal candidiasis in high-risk surgical patients. Crit Care Med 1999; 27: 1066-72.
31. Garbino J,LewDP,Romand J-A et al. Prevention of severe Candida infections in nonneutropenic, high-risk, critically ill patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients treated by selective digestive decontamination. Intensive Care Med 2002; 28: 1708-17.
32. He YM, Lv XS, Ai ZL et al. Prevention and therapy of fungal infection in severe acute pancreatitis: A prospective clinical study. World J Gastroenterol 2003; 9: 2619-21.
33. Jacobs S, Price Evans DA, Tariq M et al. Fluconazole improves survival in septic shock: A randomized double-blind prospective study. Crit Care Med 2003; 31: 1938-46.
34. Parizkova R, Cerny V, Dostal P et al. The effect of prophylactic fluconazole administration on fungal infection in critically ill patients. Anesteziologie a neodkladna pece 2000; 11: 271-5.
35. Pelz RK, Hendrix CW, Swoboda SM et al. Double-blind placebo-controlled trial of fluconazole to prevent candidal infections in critically ill surgical patients. Ann Surg 2001; 233: 542-8.
36. Sandven P, Qvist H, Skovlund E et al. Significance of Candida recovered from intraoperative specimens in patients with intra-abdominal perforations. Crit Care Med 2002; 30: 541-7.
37. Savino JA, Agarwal N, Wry P et al. Routine prophylactic antifungal agents (clotrimazole, ketoconazole, and nystatin) in nontransplant/non-burned critically ill surgical and trauma patients. J Trauma 1994; 36: 20-5.
38. Slotman GJ, Burchard KW. Ketoconazole prevents Candida sepsis in critically ill surgical patients. Arch Surg 1987; 122: 147-51.
39. ARDS Network Authors. Ketoconazole for early treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2000; 283: 1995-2002.
40. Yu M, Tomasa G. A double-blind, prospective, randomized trial of ketoconazole, a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, in the prophylaxis of the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Crit CareMed1993; 21: 1635-42.
41. Blot SI, Vandewoude KH, Hoste EA et al. Effects of nosocomial candidemia on outcomes of critically ill patients. Am J Med 2002; 113: 480-5.
42. Williams JG, Maier RV. Ketoconazole inhibits alveolar macrophage production of inflammatory mediators involved in acute lung injury (adult respiratory distress syndrome). Surgery 1992; 112: 270-7.
43. Zervos EE, Bass SS, Robson MC et al. Fluconazole increases bactericidal activity of neutrophils. J Trauma 1996; 41: 10-4.
44. Abi-Said D, Anaissie E, Uzun O et al. The epidemiology of hematogenous candidiasis caused by different Candida species. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 24: 1122-8.
45. Gleason TG, May AK, Caparelli D et al. Emerging evidence of selection of fluconazole-tolerant fungi in surgical intensive care units. Arch Surg 1997; 132: 1197-201.
46. Johnson EM, Warnock DW, Luker J et al. Emergence of azole drug resistance in Candida species from HIV-infected patients receiving prolonged fluconazole therapy for oral candidosis. J Antimicrob Chemother 1995; 35: 103-14.
47. Law D, Moore CB, Wardle HM et al. High prevalence of antifungal resistance in Candida spp. from patients with AIDS. J Antimicrob Chemother 1994; 34: 659-68.
48. Nguyen MH, Peacock JE Jr, Morris AJ et al. The changing face of candidemia: Emergence of non-Candida albicans species and antifungal resistance. Am J Med 1996; 100: 617-23.
49. Schultz K, Chambers I, Hayes R et al. Empirical evidence of bias. Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials. JAMA 1995; 273: 408-12.
50. Ascioglu S, de Pauw BE, Donnelly JP et al. Reliability of clinical research on invasive fungal infections: A systematic review of the literature. Med Mycol 2001; 39: 35-40.
51. Shorr AF, Chung K, Jackson WL et al. Fluconazole prophylaxis in critically ill surgical patients: A meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 2005; 33: 1928-35.
52. Ho KM, Lipman J, Dobb GJ et al. Theuse of prophylactic fluconazole in immunocompetent high-risk surgical patients: A meta-analysis. Crit Care 2005; 9: R710-R17.
53. Cruciani M, de Lalla F, Mengoli C. Prophylaxis of Candida infections in adult trauma and surgical intensive care patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med 2005; 31: 1479-87.
54. Paphitou NI, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Rex J. Rules for identifiying patients at increased risk for candidal infections in the surgical intensive care unit: Approach to developing practical criteria for systematic use in antifungal prophylaxis trials. Med Mycol 2005; 43: 235-43.