Micronutrient fortification: WFP experiences and ways forward

Food and Nutrition Bulletin

Volumn 27, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 67-75

[No Author Info available]

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FOOD AID; MALNUTRITION; NUTRITIONAL STATUS;

FORMICIDAE;

EID: 33644946952     PISSN: 03795721     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/156482650602700110     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Constructive comments from UNICEF, FAO, IFAD, and WHO on earlier drafts are gratefully acknowledged.
2. WHO 2002. The World Health Report 2002. Geneva: World Health Organization.
3. Mason, J. et al. 2001. The micronutrient report: current progress and trends in the control of vitamin A. Ottawa, Canada: Micronutrient Initiative and International Development Research Centre.
4. FAO. 2002. The State of Food Insecurity in the World. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization.
5. UNICEF/Micronutrient Initiative. 2004. Vitamin and Mineral Deficiency: A Global Damage Assessment Report. New York;
6. Horton, S. 1999. Opportunities for investments in nutrition in low-income Asia. Asian Development Review. 17 (1/2):246-73.
7. UNICEF 2002. A World Fit for Children. New York, NY.
8. WHO. 2002. ibid.
9. Choudhury, A. and A. Bhuiya. 1993. Effects of biosocial variables on changes in nutritional status of rural Bangladeshi children, pre- and post-monsoon flooding. Journal of Biosocial Science. 25: 351-57;
10. Block, S. et al. 2004. Macro Shocks and Micro(scopic) Outcomes. Journal of Human Ecology. Forthcoming 2004.
11. World Bank. 1993. Enriching Lives. Washington, D.C.
12. Different specific technical terms may be used in this context, such as "restoration" and "enrichment." The term "fortification" however is increasingly used to cover any form of adding micronutrients to a commodity during processing and will be used as such in this paper.
13. Mason, J. et al. 2001. ibid.
14. USAID/International Life Sciences Institute. 2003. Food Fortification and Public Health. Washington, D.C.
15. WHO. 2003. World Health Report. Geneva.
16. See Nutrition in Emergencies EB 2004/(p. 57) for details of the 38 EMOPS and PRROs reviewed.
17. The SPHERE Project. Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards. 2004 edition. Geneva.
18. For details see WFPs Food and Nutrition Handbook. 2002 edition.
19. Five fortified commodities are now produced in DPRK for WFP's operations: corn-soya milk blend, corn-milk blend, rice-milk blend, enriched biscuits, and enriched noodles.
20. USAID. 2003. Wheat Flour Fortification Program in Bangladesh: Final Report. Arlington, VA. MOST: The USAID Micronutrient Program.
21. Pellagra is a disease (fatal if not treated) resulting from a monotonous, maize-based diet deficient in niacin.
22. Funding for the fortification unit came from the Canadian International Development Agency, while UNICEF provided the micronutrient premix.
23. The critical role played by CIDA in financially supporting many WFP micronutrient activities should also be acknowledged.
24. In some countries millers accept payment in the form of milling waste (the husk and bran by-products) when there is high demand from the animal husbandry sector. However, there may be other costs relating to the logistics of adding a cereals processing step between the port of arrival and extended delivery point.