Language ideology and racial inequality: Competing functions of Spanish in an Anglo-owned Mexican restaurant

Language in Society

Volumn 35, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 163-204

  Barrett, Rusty ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

Author keywords

English Spanish bilingualism; Latinos; Miscommunication; Mock Spanish; Resistance; Segregation; Workplace

Indexed keywords

EID: 33644927780     PISSN: 00474045     EISSN: 14698013     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0047404506060088     Document Type: Review

References (51)

1. Aheam, Laura (2001). Language and agency. Annual Review of Anthropology 30:109-37.
2. Austin, John L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
3. Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo (2002). The linguistics of color-blind racism: How to talk nasty about Blacks without sounding "racist." Critical Sociology 28:41-64.
4. _, & Forman, Tyrone (2000). "I'm not racist, but...": Mapping White college students' racial ideology in the United States. Discourse and Society 11:50-85.
5. Bourdieu, Pierre (1991). Language and symbolic power. John B. Thompson (ed.), Gino Raymond & Matthew Adamson (trans.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
6. Bucholtz, Mary (2004). The appropriation of African American Vernacular English as European American youth slang. Paper presented at New Ways of Analyzing Variation (NWAV) 33, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
7. Cameron, James, & Wisher, William, Jr. (1991). Terminator II: Judgment Day (James Cameron, director). Tri Star Pictures.
8. Chun, Elaine (2004). Ideologies of legitimate mockery: Margaret Cho's revoicings of Mock Asian. Pragmatics 14:263-89.
9. Cmiel, Kenneth (1990). Democratic eloquence. New York: William Morrow.
10. Duranti, Alessandro (2001). Performance and encoding of agency in historical-natural languages. In Kate Henning et al. (eds), SALSA 9: Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Symposium about Language and Society, Austin, Texas Linguistics Forum 44(2), 266-87. Austin: University of Texas Department of Linguistics.
11. _ (2003). Agency in language. In Alessandro Duranti (ed.), A companion to linguistic anthropology. Oxford: Blackwell.
12. Eble, Connie (2004). Slang. In Edward Finegan & John R. Rickford (eds.), Language in the USA: Themes for the twenty-first century, 375-86. New York: Cambridge University Press.
13. Erard, Michael (1996). Models of Spanish and Spanish speakers in the political economy of Anglo Spanish. In Alice Chu et al. (eds.), SALSA IV: Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Symposium about Language and Society - Austin.
14. Flouton, Deanne K. (1991). Hotel/restaurant Spanish. Hispania 74:194-96.
15. Ferguson, Charles (1975). Toward a characterization of English foreigner talk. Anthropological Lingustics 17:1-14.
16. _ (1981). "Foreign talk" as the name of a simplified register. International Journal of the Sociology of language 28:9-18.
17. Gal, Susan, & Irvine, Judith (2000). Language ideology and linguistic differentiation. In Paul Kroskrity (ed.), Regimes of language, 35-84. Santa Fe, NM: School of American Research Press.
18. Gingras, Rosario (1974). Problems in the description of Spanish-English intrasenlential codeswitching. In G. A. Bills (ed.), Southwest areal linguistics. San Diego: San Diego State University, Institute for Cultural Pluralism.
19. Gumperz, John (1982) (ed.). Language and social identity, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
20. Havilatid, John B. (2003). Ideologies of language: Some reflections on language and U.S. law. American Anthropologist 105:764-74.
21. Hill, Jane H. (1993). Is it really "No Probleme"? In Robin Queen and Rusty Barrett (eds.), SALSA I: Proceedings of the First Annual Symposium about language and Society -Austin, Texas Linguixric Foram 33:l-12.
22. _ (1995). Mock Spanish: A site for the indexical reproduction of racism in American English. Originally posted at University of Chicago Lang-cult site: http://www.cs.uchicago.edu/discussions/1-c
23. _ (1998). Language, race and white public space. American Anthropologist 100:680-89.
24. Hymes, Dell (1974). Foundations in sociolinguistics: An ethnographic approach. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
25. Jakobson, Roman (1960). Concluding statement: linguistics and poetics. In Thomas Sebeok (ed.), Style in language, 350-77. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
26. Lindeman, Stephanie (2002). Listening with an attitude: A model of native-speaker comprehension of non-native speakers in the United States. language in Society 31:419-41.
27. Lindquist, Julie (2002). A place to stand: Politics and persuasion in a working-class bar. New York: Oxford University Press.
28. _ (2004). Class identity and the politics of dissent: The culture of argument in a Chicago neighborhood bar. In Marcia Fan- (ed.), Ethnolinguistic Chicago: Language and literacy in the city's neighborhoods. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
29. Lippi-Green, Rosina (1997). English with an accent: language, ideology and discrimination in the United States. London: Routledge.
30. Mesthrie, Rajend (2002). Mock languages and symbolic power: The South African radio series Applesammy and Naidoo. World Englishes 21:99-112.
31. Morgan, Marcyliena (2001). "Nuthin' but a G thang": Grammar and language ideology in Hip Hop identity. In Sonja Lanehart (ed.), Sociocultural and historical contexts of African American Vernacular English, 187-210. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
32. _ (2002). Language, discourse and power in African American culture. New York: Cambridge University Press.
33. Muysken, Pieter (2000). Bilingual speech. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
34. Myers-Scotton, Carol (1993). Duelling Languages: Grammatical structure in code-switching. Ox-ford: Oxford University Press.
35. Ochs, Elinor (1996). Linguistic resources for socializing humanity. In John J. Gumperz & Stephen C. Levinson (eds.), Rethinking linguistic relativity, 407-37. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
36. Perea, Juan (1995). Los olvidados: On the making of invisible people. New York University Law Review 70:965-91.
37. Perkins, Lisa, & Milroy, Lesley (1997). Sharing the communicative burden: A conversation-analytic account of aphasic/non-aphasic interaction. Multilingua 16:199-215.
38. Pefialosa, Fernando (1981). Chicano sociolinguisticit. Rowley, MA: Newbury House.
39. Poplack, Shana (1981). "Sometimes I' ll start a sentence in Spanish y termina en español": Toward a typology of code-switching. Linguistics 18:581-618.
40. _; Sankoff, David; & Miller, Christopher (1988). The social con-elates and linguistic processes of lexical borrowing and assimilation. Linguistics 26:47-104.
41. Ronkin, Maggie, & Karn, Helen E. (1999). Mock Ebonics: Linguistic racism in parodies of Ebonics on the Internet. Journal of Sociolinguistics 3:360-80.
42. Santa Ana, Otto (1999). "Like an animal I was treated": Anti-immigrant metaphor in U.S. public discourse. Discourse and Society 10:191-224.
43. _ (2002) Brown tide rising: Metaphors of Latinos in contemporary American public discourse. Austin: University of Texas Press.
44. Smitherman, Geneva (1994). Black talk: Words and phrases from the hood to the amen corner. Boston & New York: Houghton Mifflin.
45. Silverstein. Michael (1992). Metapragmatic discourse and metapragmatic function. In John Lucy (ed.), Reflexive language, 33-58. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
46. _ (1998). Language ideologies: Practice and theory. In Bambi B. Schieffelin et al. (eds.), The uses and utility of ideology: A commentary, 123-45 New York: Oxford University Press.
47. Urciuoli, Bonnie (1996). Exposing prejudice: Puerto Rican experiences of language, race, and class. Boulder, CO: Westview.
48. Valdés, Guadalupe (1981). Code-switching as deliberate verbal strategy: A microanalysis of direct and indirect requests among bilingual Chicano speakers. In Richard P. Durán (ed.), Latino language and communicative behavior, 95-108. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
49. Walters, Keith (1995). Contesting representations of African American Language. In Risako Ide et al. (eds.), SALSA III: Proceedings from the Third Annual Symposium about language and Society -Austin, Texas Linguistics forum 36:137-51. Austin: University of Texas Department of Linguistics.
50. Woolard, Kathryn A., & Schieflelin, Bambi (1994). Language ideology. Annual Review of Anthropology 23:55-82.
51. Zentella, Ana Celia (1996). The "Chiquitafication" of U.S. Latinos and their languages, or: Why we need an mtiaiopolitical linguistics. In Risako Ide et al. (eds), SALSA III: Proceedings of the third annual Symposium about Language and Society -Austin, Texas Linguistics Forum 36:1-18.