Gln49 and Ser174 residues play critical roles in determining the catalytic efficiencies of plant glutamine synthetase

Plant and Cell Physiology

Volumn 47, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 299-303

  Ishiyama, Keiki ^a   Inoue, Eri ^a   Yamaya, Tomoyuki ^b   Takahashi, Hideki ^a  

^a RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science   (Japan)

^b TOHOKU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Ammonium assimilation; Arabidopsis thaliana; Catalytic efficiency; Glutamine synthetase; Nitrogen metabolism; Site directed mutagenesis

Indexed keywords

ALANINE; GLUTAMATE AMMONIA LIGASE; GLUTAMINE; ISOENZYME; LYSINE; QUATERNARY AMMONIUM DERIVATIVE; SERINE;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ARABIDOPSIS; ARTICLE; CATALYSIS; CHEMISTRY; ENZYME SPECIFICITY; ENZYMOLOGY; METABOLISM; MOLECULAR GENETICS; MUTATION; PHYSIOLOGY;

ALANINE; AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ARABIDOPSIS; CATALYSIS; GLUTAMATE-AMMONIA LIGASE; GLUTAMINE; ISOENZYMES; LYSINE; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MUTATION; QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS; SERINE; SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY;

ARABIDOPSIS; ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA;

EID: 33644902976     PISSN: 00320781     EISSN: 14719053     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pci238     Document Type: Article

References (14)

1. Blackwell, R.D., Murray, A.J.S. and Lea, P.J. (1987) Inhibition of photosynthesis in barley with decreased levels of chloroplastic glutamine synthetase activity. J. Exp. Bot. 38: 1799-1809.
2. Clemente, M.T. and Márquez, A.J. (1999a) Functional importance of Asp56 from the alpha-polypeptide of Phaseolus vulgaris glutamine synthetase. An essential residue for transferase but not for biosynthetic enzyme activity. Eur. J. Biochem. 264: 453-460.
3. Clemente, M.T. and Márquez, A.J. (1999b) Site-directed mutagenesis of Glu-297 from the alpha-polypeptide of Phaseolus vulgaris glutamine synthetase alters kinetic and structural properties and confers resistance to L-methionine sulfoximine. Plant Mol. Biol. 40: 835-845.
4. Clemente, M.T. and Márquez, A.J. (2000) Site-directed mutagenesis of Cys-92 from the alpha-polypeptide of Phaseohis vulgaris glutamine synthetase reveals that this highly conserved residue is not essential for enzyme activity but it is involved in thermal stability. Plant Sci. 154: 189-197.
5. de la Torre, F., García-Gutiérrez, A., Crespillo, R., Canton, F.R., Avila, C. and Cánovas, F.M. (2002) Functional expression of two pine glutamine synthetase genes in bacteria reveals that they encode cytosolic holoenzymes with different molecular and catalytic properties. Plant Cell Physiol. 43: 802-809.
6. Eisenberg, D., Gill, H.S., Pfluegl, G.M.U. and Rotstein, S.H. (2000) Structure-function relationships of glutamine synthetases. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1477: 122-145.
7. Gómez-Maldonado, J., Cánovas, F.M. and Avila, C. (2004) Molecular analysis of the 5′-upstream region of a gibberellin-inducible cytosolic glutamine synthetase gene (GS1b) expressed in pine vascular tissue. Planta 218: 1036-1045.
8. Ireland, R.L. and Lea, P.J. (1999) The enzymes of glutamine, glutamate, asparagine, and aspartate metabolism. In Plant Amino Acids: Biochemistry and Metabolism. Edited by Singh, B.K. pp. 49-109. Marcel Dekker, NY.
9. Ishiyama, K., Inoue, E., Tabuchi, M., Yamaya, T. and Takahashi, H. (2004a) Biochemical background and compartmentalized functions of cytosolic glutamine synthetase for active ammonium assimilation in rice roots. Plant Cell Physiol. 45: 1640-1647.
10. Ishiyama, K., Inoue, E., Watanabe-Takahashi, A., Obara, M., Yamaya, T. and Takahashi, H. (2004b) Kinetic properties and ammonium-dependent regulation of cytosolic isoenzymes of glutamine synthetase in Arabidopsis. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 16598-16605.
11. Oliveira, I.C. and Coruzzi, G.M. (1999) Carbon and amino acids reciprocally modulate the expression of glutamine synthetase in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 121: 301-309.
12. Sakakibara, H., Shimizu, H., Hase, T. Yamazaki, Y., Takao, T., Shimonishi, Y. and Sugiyama, T. (1996) Molecular identification and characterization of cytosolic isoforms of glutamine synthetase in maize roots. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 29561-29568.
13. Tabuchi, M., Sugiyama, K., Ishiyama, K., Inoue, E., Sato, T., Takahashi, H. and Yamaya, T. (2005) Severe reduction in growth rate and grain filling of rice mutants lacking OsGS1;1, a cytosolic glutamine synthetase1;1. Plant J. 42: 641-651.
14. Wallsgrove, R.M., Turner, J.C., Hall, N.P., Kendally, A.C. and Bright, S.W.J. (1987) Barley mutants lacking chloroplast glutamate synthetase - biochemical and genetic analysis. Plant Physiol. 83: 155-158.