The death of Cyrus the younger

Classical Quarterly

Volumn 49, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 473-483

  Bassett, Sherylee R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CASE REPORT; CAUSE OF DEATH; CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; HISTORY; HOMICIDE; INJURY; IRAN; WAR;

CAUSE OF DEATH; GREEK WORLD; HISTORY, ANCIENT; HOMICIDE; PERSIA; WAR; WOUNDS AND INJURIES;

EID: 33644872793     PISSN: 00098388     EISSN: 14716844     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/cq/49.2.473     Document Type: Review

References (26)

1. See, for example, H. R. Breitenbach, 'Xenophon', REIXA, 2 (Stuttgart, 1967), 1569-2052;
2. J. M. Bigwood, 'The ancient accounts of the battle of Cunaxa', AJP 104 (1983), 340-57;
3. F. Jacoby, 'Ctesias', RE XI, 2 (Stuttgart, 1922), 2032-73;
4. G. Cawkwell's introduction to R. Warner (trans.), Xenophon: The Persian Expedition (London, 1972);
5. and most recently O. Lendle, Kommentar zu Xenophons Anabasis (Darmstadt, 1995), 74-5.
6. B. Perrin (trans.), Plutarch's Lives XI (London, 1926), 148-53. All references in this paper to Ctesias are to this passage unless otherwise specified.
7. C. L. Brownson (trans.), Xenophon Anabasis (London, 1992), 78-81.
8. On the chronology of these events, see D. M. Lewis, Sparta and Persia (Leiden, 1977), 140-1 with n. 41;
9. 2 vol. 6, The Fourth Century B.C. (Cambridge, 1994), 67.
10. R. B. Stevenson, 'Fourth century Greek historical writing about Persia in the period between the accession of Artaxerxes II Mnemon and that of Darius III (404-336 B.C.)', D.Phil. Thesis (Oxford, 1985), at 116-17, 186-7.
11. Cf. id., 'Lies and invention in Demon's Persica', in H. Sancisi-Weerdenburg and A. Kuhrt (edd.), Achaemcnid History II - The Greek Sources - Proceedings of the Groningen 1984 Achaemenid History Workshop (Leiden, 1987), 27-35, at 29-31.
12. Joan Bigvvood, 'Ctesias of Cnidus', Ph.D. Thesis (Harvard, 1964), 170 notes that one of Ctesias' characteristics is the care he takes in describing the precise location of wounds.
13. T. W. Africa, 'The one-eyed man against Rome: an exercise in euhemerism', Hisloria 19 (1970), 528-38, at 528-9.
14. On this point see H. D. Westlake, 'Diodorus and the expedition of Cyrus', Phoenix 41 (1987), 241-54
15. = Studies in Thucydides and Greek History (Bristol, 1989), 260-73.
16. V. J. Gray, The Character of Xenophon s Hellenica (London, 1989), 22 discusses this 'punchline' effect. For Xenophon's use of repetition for emphasis see ibid., 89;
17. 9 p.663.
18. The reading would seem to be correct. Some have suggested that the intensive pronoun should be read instead but the reflexive pronoun with a middle voice verb appears consistent with classical usage and a change is not obviously required. On this point, see B. Goodall, 'The reflexive pronoun in Xenophon's Anabasis and Hellenica', California Studies in Classical Antiquity 9 (1977), 41-59, at 45, n. 17.
19. and S. W. Hirsch, The Friendship of the Barbarians - Xenophon and the Persian Empire (Hanover and London, 1985), 77-8. Gray comments at p. 67 that it is typically Herodotean to give two versions of a story without expressing an opinion as to which version the writer believes to be correct.
20. See also item no. 2 of R. Kreis-von Schaewen's article on the RE XX, 2 (Stuttgart, 1950), 1330-3.
21. B. Goldman, 'The Persian saddle blanket', Studia Iranica 13 (1984), 7-18, at 9;
22. and see, for instance, J. Boardman (ed.), CAH - Plates to Volume IV, new edn (Cambridge, 1988), pl. 67 of a bronze horseman from the fifth to fourth centuries B.C.
23. 13), 63 says of the middle meningeal artery: 'This is a small but important artery, because its frontal branch is the commonest source of extradural haemorrhage, and it lies adjacent to the motor area of the brain, which may be compressed by such a collection of blood';
24. W. B. Irby, 'Concomitant injuries - diagnosis and concepts of treatment', in id. (ed.), Facial Trauma and Concomitant Problems (Saint Louis, 1974), 72-120 at 89;
25. W. Lewin, The Management of Head Injuries (London, 1966), 84.
26. J. Boardman (ed.), CAH - Plates to Volume III, new edn (Cambridge, 1984), pl. 217;