The care economy: Gender and the silent AIDS crisis in Southern Africa

Journal of Southern African Studies

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 165-177

  Urdang, Stephanie ^a  

^a Gender and HIV/AIDS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; GENDER ROLE; WOMENS STATUS;

AFRICA; SOUTHERN AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA;

EID: 33644854295     PISSN: 03057070     EISSN: 14653893     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/03057070500493886     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. UNAIDS/WHO, AIDS Epidemic Update, December 2005 (Geneva, UNAIDS, 2005), p. 17.
2. UNAIDS, Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Geneva, UNAIDS, 2004), p. 94.
3. For the purpose of this article, I will use the term 'care economy', cognisant of the fact that it can be a confusing term in the context of AIDS where the word 'care' brings to mind caring for people who are ill rather than the many tasks associated with women in their roles as caring for the household as a whole.
4. D. Elson (ed.), Progress of the World's Women 2002 (New York, UNIFEM, 2003), p. 23 (available at www.unifem.org).
5. See also, D. Elson (ed.), Male Bias in the Development Process (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1995)
6. World Development, Special Issue on Gender, Adjustment and Macroeconomics, (1995)
7. D. Elson, 'Social Policy and Macroeconomic Performance: Integrating "the Economic" and "the Social"', in T. Mkandawire (ed.), Social Policy in a Development Context (London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2005).
8. Elson (ed.), Progress of the World's Women 2002, p. 23.
9. N. Burn, 'Coping with HIV/AIDS: Unsustainable Care, Unattainable Policy Targets: Pathway for Action' (unpublished paper, prepared for UNIFEM, New York, 2004).
10. UNAIDS, 'Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic' (UNAIDS, Geneva, 2004), p. 101.
11. UNAIDS/WHO, Progress on Global Access to HIV Antiretroviral Therapy: An Update on 3 by 5 (Geneva, WHO, June 2005).
12. UNAIDS/UNFPA/UNIFEM, 'Women and HIV/AIDS: Confronting the Crisis' (July 2004), p. 25 (available at www.genderandaids.org).
13. Interview during visit to the African Rights Gift for Life Project, Kigali, Cyangugu and Butare, April 2005.
14. United Nations, Integrated Regional Information Network (IRIN), Nairobi, 5 March 2004.
15. 'Stubborn, Scared Men Less Likely To Go For an HIV Test', New City Press, 17 April 2005.
16. The study was conducted by EngenderHealth, Hope Worldwide and the FRONTIERS programme of the Population Council.
17. 'Stubborn, Scared Men', quoting Gordon Mthembu, provincial Chairperson for the Treatment Action Campaign, South Africa.
18. Cited in a joint report by UNAIDS/UNFPA/UNIFEM, 'Women and HIV/AIDS: Confronting the Crisis' (July 2004), p. 13; available at www.genderandaids.org.
19. Global Coalition on Women and AIDS, 'Media backgrounder: Care, Women and AIDS' (Geneva, UNAIDS, 2004); available at www.womenandaids.unaids.org.
20. HelpAge International/International HIV/AIDS Alliance, 'Forgotten Families: Older People as Carers of Orphans and Vulnerable Children' (policy paper, HelpAge International, London, 2003); available at www.helpage.org
21. Global Campaign for Education, Learning to Survive: How Education for ALL would Save Millions of Young People from HIV/AIDS (GCE, Johannesburg, 2004), p. 2; available at www.campaignforeducation.org.
22. Ibid.
23. M. Over, 'The Effects of Society Variable on Urban Rates of HIV Infection in Developing Countries: An Exploratory Analysis', in M. Ainsworth, L. Fransen and M. Over, Confronting AIDS: Evidence from the Developing World (Brussels and Washington DC, European Commission and World Bank, 1998).
24. R. Petchesky and K. Judd (eds), Negotiating Reproductive Rights: Women's Perspectives Across Countries and Cultures (London, Zed Books, 1998).
25. M. Steinberg, S. Johnson, G. Schierhout and D. Ndegwa, Hitting Home: How Households Cope with the Impact of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic (Cape Town, Kaiser Family Foundation, 2002).
26. ILO/UNIFEM, 'Lesotho Mission Report' (unpublished report, 19 April 2002).
27. Ibid.
28. K. Dunkle, R.K. Jewkes, H.C. Brown, G.E. Gray, J.A. McIntyre and S. Harlow, 'Gender-based Violence, Relationship Power, and Risk of HIV Infection in Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in South Africa', The Lancet, 363, 9419 (2004), p. 1,415.
29. D. Peacock, 'Men as Partners: Promoting Men's Involvement in Care and Support Activities for People Living with HIV/AIDS and in Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS' (unpublished report from UNDAW Expert Group Meeting on 'The Role of Men and Boys in Achieving Gender Equality', Brazil, October 2003); available at www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/
30. See, for instance, P. Aggleton and I. Warwick, 'A Comparative Analysis of Findings from Multi-Site Studies of Household and Community Responses to HIV and AIDS in Developing Countries' (Geneva, UNAIDS, 1998).
31. Peacock, 'Men as Partners'.
32. Many of these are captured in the report published for the Bangkok Aids Conference 2004, 'Women and AIDS: Confronting the Crisis' (New York, UNAIDS/UNFPA/UNIFEM, 2005).
33. Ibid.
34. D. Budlender, Why Should We Care About Unpaid Care Work? (Harare, UNIFEM, 2002); available at www.genderandaids.org.