From supermarkets to supercenters: Employment shifts to the one-stop shop

Monthly Labor Review

Volumn 129, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 39-46

  Strople, Michael H ^a,b  

^a Division of Current Employment Statistics   (United States)

^b Bureau of Labor Statistics   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33644802043     PISSN: 00981818     EISSN: 00981818     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. Richard S. Bragaw, "Pioneering the Wholesale Club Concept," Discount Merchandiser, November 1990, pp. 42, 44, 48.
2. Ibid., p. 42.
3. Information about Carrefour and its corporate holdings is available on the Internet at http://www.carrefour.com/english/groupecarrefour/ouverturesMagasins.jsp.
4. See also "Carrefour SA: Retailer's Revenue Rises 3.9 percent on Growth at Hypermarkets," The Wall Street Journal (eastern edition), Apr 13, 2005, p. 1. The largest retailer in the world is Wal-Mart.
5. Daniel J. Sweeney, "Warehouse Clubs! Hypermarkets! Supercenters!" Retail Business Review, November 1992, p. 18.
6. Jay L. Johnson, "Hypermarkets and Supercenters: Where Are They Heading? "Discount Merchandiser, November 1989, pp. 60-63.
7. Data on employment presented in this article are from the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program, which surveys 160,000 nonfarm businesses representing about 400,000 establishments monthly. All data are through June 2005. For more information on the program's concepts and methodology, visit http://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch2.pdf on the Internet.
8. For industry definitions, see North American Industry Classification System: United States, 2002 (Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget, 2002); on the Internet at http://www.census.gov/epcd/www/naics.html.
9. For an explanation of NAICS and the methodologies used by the CES program to reconstruct historic estimates, see Teresa L. Morisi, "Recent changes in the national Current Employment Statistics survey," Monthly Labor Review, June 2003, pp. 3-13; on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2003/06/art1full.pdf.
10. The detailed category of all other general merchandise stores was excluded from the analysis because it represents no single identifiable retail maket. Furthermore, employment in all other general merchandise stores represents a much smaller portion of employment in general merchandise stores than does any of the other three detailed categories: department stores, except discount; discount department stores; and warehouse clubs and supercenters.
11. For the analysis presented in this article, data have been reconciled to match NAICS 2002 definitions. Definitions of department stores, except discount, and of discount department stores differ slightly from the NAICS 1997 definition. The category of warehouse clubs and supercenters (NAICS 452910) is shortened to supercenters; that of department stores, except discount (NAICS 452111), is shortened to traditional department stores; and that of discount department stores (NAICS 452112) is shortened to discounters.
12. Economic Census 2002 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2002), on the Internet at http://www.census.gov/econ/census02/.
13. Wal-Mart 2005 Annual Report, on the Internet at http://www.walmartstores.com/Files/2005AnnualReport.pdf.
14. Ibid.
15. Target Corporation Annual Report 2004, on the Internet at http://media.corporate-ir.net/media_files/irol/65/65828/reports/ 2004_TGT_annual.pdf.
16. The most current data available in the Annual Survey of Retail Sales are for 2004. Data from the survey were deflated with the BLS CPI-U series for 1982-84 = 100.
17. Grocery stores account for more than 90 percent of sales in the food and beverage industry.
18. For the purposes of this article, supermarket commodities include groceries, meals, beer, wine, liquor, tobacco, cleaning supplies, and paper products.