The cranial skeleton of the Early Permian aquatic reptile Mesosaurus tenuidens: Implications for relationships and palaeobiology

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

Volumn 146, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 345-368

  Modesto, Sean Patrick ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b CAPE BRETON UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Aquatic adaptation; Evolution; Gondwana; Reptilia

Indexed keywords

AMNIOTA; MESOSAURUS; REPTILIA;

EID: 33644769261     PISSN: 00244082     EISSN: 10963642     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2006.00205.x     Document Type: Review

References (72)

1. Araújo DC 1976 Taxonomia e relações dos Proganosauria da Bacia do Paraná Anais do Academia Brasileira Ciências 48 91 116
2. Baird D 1955 Latex micro-molding and latex-plaster molding mixture Science 122 202
3. Bakker RT 1975 Dinosaur renaissance Scientific American 232 58 78
4. Berman DS Reisz RR Bolt JR Scott D 1995 The cranial anatomy and relationships of the synapsid Varanosaurus (Eupelycosauria: Ophiacodontidae) from the Early Permian of Texas and Oklahoma Annals of Carnegie Museum 64 99 133
5. Berman DS Sumida SS 1990 A new species of Limnoscelis (Amphibia, Diadectomorpha) from the Late Pennsylvanian Sangre de Cristo Formation of central Colorado Annals of Carnegie Museum 59 303 341
6. Bolt JR DeMar RE 1974 An explanatory model of the evolution of multiple rows of teeth Journal of Paleontology 49 814 832
7. deBraga M Reisz RR 1996 The Early Permian reptile Acleistorhinus pteroticus and its phylogenetic position Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16 384 395
8. Brito IM de Quadros LP 1978 Ocorrência inédita de Clarkecaris brazilicus (Crustacea - Malacostraca) no Permiano do Estado do Paraná Anais do Academia Brasileira Ciências 50 417 421
9. Brown DS 1981 The English Upper Jurassic Plesiosauroidea (Reptilia) and a review of the phylogeny and classification of the Plesiosauria Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology Series 35 253 347
10. Carroll RL 1969 A middle Pennsylvanian captorhinomorph, and the interrelationships of reptiles Journal of Paleontology 43 151 170
11. Carroll RL 1981 Plesiosaur ancestors from the Upper Permian of Madagascar Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 293 315 383
12. Carroll RL 1982 Early evolution of reptiles Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 13 87 109
13. Carroll RL Baird D 1972 Carboniferous stem-reptiles of the family Romeriidae Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 143 321 364
14. Carroll RL Gaskill P 1985 The nothosaur Pachypleurosaurus and the origin of plesiosaurs Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 309 343 393
15. Carroll RL Lindsay W 1985 Cranial anatomy of the primitive reptile Procolophon Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 22 1571 1587
16. Chiappe LM Chinsamy A 1996 Pterodaustro's true teeth Nature 379 211 212
17. Clark J Carroll RL 1973 Romeriid reptiles from the Lower Permian Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 144 353 407
18. Cruickshank ARI Small PG Taylor MA 1991 Dorsal nostrils and hydrodynamically driven underwater olfaction in plesiosaurs Nature 352 62 64
19. Dawson WR Bartholomew GA Bennett AF 1977 A reappraisal of the aquatic specializations of the Galapagos marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) Evolution 31 891 897
20. Du Toit AL 1927 A geological comparison of South America with South Africa Carnegie Institute Publications, Washington 381 1 158
21. Evans SE 1986 The braincase of Prolacerta broomi (Reptilia, Triassic) Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 73 181 200
22. Evans SE 1987 The braincase of Youngina capensis (Reptilia; Diapsida; Permian) Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte 1987 4 193 203
23. Faure K Cole DI 1998 Stable isotope evidence for a freshwater algal bloom in the Permian Karoo and Paraná basins of southwestern Gondwana Journal of African Earth Sciences 27 1A 70 71
24. Fracasso MA 1987 Braincase of Limnoscelis paludis Williston Postilla 201 1 22
25. Gauthier JA 1994 The diversification of the amniotes In Prothero DR Schoch RM eds Major features of vertebrate evolution Knoxville Paleontological Society 129 159
26. Gauthier JA Kluge A Rowe TR 1988 The early evolution of the Amniota In Benton MJ ed. The phylogeny and classification of the tetrapods, vol1: amphibians, reptiles, birds Systematics Association Special Volume 35A. Oxford Clarendon Press 103 155
27. Gervais P 1864-66 Description du Mesosaurus tenuidens reptile fossile de l'Afrique australe In Académie des Sciences et Lettres de Montpellier Mémoires de la Section des Sciences Tome Sixième. Montpellier Boehm et Fils 169 175
28. Gervais P 1865 Du Mesosaurus tenuidens, reptile fossile de l'Afrique australe Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences 60 950 955
29. Gow CE 1972 The osteology and relationships of the Millerettidae (Reptilia: Cotylosauria) Journal of Zoology, London 167 219 264
30. Hamley T Thulborn T 1993 Temporal fenestration in the primitive Triassic reptile Procolophon In: Lucas SG, Morales M, eds. The nonmarine Triassic. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 171 174
31. Heaton MJ 1979 Cranial anatomy of primitive captorhinid reptiles from the Late Pennsylvanian and Early Permian [in] Oklahoma and Texas Oklahoma Geological Survey, Bulletin 127 1 84
32. Heaton MJ 1982 New advances in latex casting techniques Curator 23 95 100
33. Heaton MJ Reisz RR 1986 Phylogenetic relationships of captorhinomorph reptiles Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 23 402 418
34. Huene Fv 1922 Die Ichthyosaurier des Lias und ihre Zusammenhänge Berlin Gebrüder Borntraeger.
35. Huene Fv 1941 Osteologie und systematische Stellung von Mesosaurus Palaeontographica, Abteilung A 92 45 58
36. Kemp TS 1974 The braincase and associated structures of the cotylosaur reptile Procolophon trigoniceps Annals of the South African Museum 64 11 26
37. Laurin M Reisz RR 1995 A reevaluation of early amniote phylogeny Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 113 165 223
38. Lee MSY 1995 Historical burden in systematics and the interrelationships of 'parareptiles' Biological Reviews 70 459 547
39. MacGregor JH 1908 On Mesosaurus brasiliensis nov. sp. from the Permian of Brasil In White IC ed. Commissão dos estudos das minas de carvão de pedra do Brasil, Parte II Rio de Janeiro National Press 301 336
40. Massare JA 1987 Tooth morphology and prey preference of Mesozoic marine reptiles Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 7 121 137
41. Massare JA Callaway JM 1990 The affinities and ecology of Triassic ichthyosaurs Geological Society of America Bulletin 102 409 416
42. Modesto SP 1998 New information on the skull of the Early Permian reptile Captorhinus aguti PaleoBios 18 21 35
43. Modesto SP 1999a Colobomycter pholeter from the Lower Permian of Oklahoma: a parareptile, not a protorothyridid Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19 466 472
44. Modesto SP 1999b Observations on the structure of the Early Permian reptile Stereosternum tumidum Palaeontologia Africana 35 7 19
45. Modesto SP Anderson JS 2004 The phylogenetic definition of Reptilia Systematic Biology 53 815 821
46. Nicol S de la Mare W 1993 Ecosystem management and the Antarctic krill American Scientist 81 36 47
47. Oelofsen BW 1981 An anatomical and systematic study of the family Mesosauridae (Reptilia, Proganosauria) with special reference to its associated fauna and palaeoecological environment in the Whitehill Sea Unpublished DPhil thesis University of Stellenbosch, South Africa
48. Oelofsen B Araújo DC 1983 Palaeoecological implications of the distribution of mesosaurid reptiles in the Permian Irati Sea (Paraná Basin), South America Revista and Brasileira de Geociências 13 1 6
49. Oelofsen B Araújo DC 1987 Mesosaurus tenuidens and Stereosternum tumidum from the Permian Gondwana of both southern Africa and South America South African Journal of Science 83 370 372
50. Oelrich TM 1959 The anatomy of the head of Ctenosaura pectinata (Iguanidae) University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology Miscellaneous Publications 94 1 167
51. Olson EC 1947 The family Diadectidae and its bearing on the classification of reptiles Fieldiana Geology 10 63 77
52. Osborn HF 1903 The reptilian subclasses Diapsida and Synapsida and the early history of the Diaptosauria American Museum of Natural History Memoirs 1 451 507
53. Pickford M 1995 Karoo Supergroup palaeontology of Namibia and brief description of a thecodont from Omingonde Palaeontologia Africana 32 51 66
54. Pinto ID Adami-Rodrigues K 1996 Pygocephalomorph Crustacea: new data and interpretations, with emphasis on Brazilian and South African forms Pesquisas 23 41 50
55. Reisz RR 1972 Pelycosaurian reptiles from the Middle Pennsylvanian of North America Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 144 27 62
56. Reisz RR 1981 A diapsid reptile from the Pennsylvanian of Kansas University of Kansas Museum of Natural History, Special Publication 7 1 74
57. Reisz RR Dilkes DW Berman DS 1998 Anatomy and relationships of Elliotsmithia longiceps Broom, a small synapsid (Eupelycosauria: Varanopseidae) from the Late Permian of South Africa Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18 602 611
58. Reisz RR Wilson HM Scott D 1997 Varanopseid synapsid skeletal elements from Richards Spur, a Lower Permian fissure fill near Fort Sill, Oklahoma Oklahoma Geology Notes 57 160 170
59. Ricqlès Ad Bolt JR 1983 Jaw growth and tooth replacement in Captorhinus aguti (Reptilia: Captorhinomorpha) Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 3 7 24
60. Rieppel O 2001 Tooth implantation and replacement in Sauropterygia Paläontologische Zeitschrift 75 207 217
61. Romer AS 1946 The primitive reptile Limnoscelis restudied American Journal of Science 244 149 199
62. Romer AS 1966 Vertebrate paleontology 3rd edn Chicago University of Chicago Press
63. Rossmann T 2002 Studien an Mesosauriern (Amniota inc. sed., Mesosauridae): 3. Neue aspekte zur anatomie, erhaltung und paläoö kologie aufgrun der exemplare im Paläontologischen Institut der Universität Zürich Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 224 197 221
64. Sanderson SL Wassersug Royal 1993 Convergent and alternative designs for vertebrate suspension feeding In Hanken J Hall BK eds The skull: functional and evolutionary mechanisms Vol. 3 Chicago University of Chicago Press 37 112
65. Seeley HG 1892 The Mesosauria of Southern Africa Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 48 586 604
66. Spencer PS 2000 The braincase structure of Leptopleuron lacertinum Owen (Parareptilia: Procolophonidae) Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20 21 30
67. Taylor MA 1987 How tetrapods feed in the water: a functional analysis by paradigm Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 91 171 195
68. Taylor MA 1992 Functional anatomy of the head of the large aquatic predator Rhomaleosaurus zetlandicus (Plesiosauria, Reptilia) from the Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) of Yorkshire, England Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 335 247 280
69. Taylor MA Cruickshank ARI 1993 Cranial anatomy and functional morphology of Pliosaurus brachyspondylus (Reptilia: Pliosauria) from the Upper Jurassic of Westbury, Wiltshire Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 341 399 418
70. Vaughn PP 1958 A pelycosaur with subsphenoidal teeth from the Lower Permian of Oklahoma Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 48 44 47
71. Williston SW 1917 The phylogeny and classification of reptiles Journal of Geology 25 411 421
72. Wiman C 1925 Zur Kenntnis der Mesosaurier Xenia Gorianoviç- Krambergeriania, Zagreb 1925 1 14