The solving of problems in chemistry: The more open-ended problems

Research in Science and Technological Education

Volumn 20, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 83-98

  Reid, Norman ^a   Yang, Mei Jung ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

^b Kaohsiung Municipal Gushan Senior High School   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33644677278     PISSN: 02635143     EISSN: 14701138     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02635140220130948     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. ADIGWE, J.C., 1993. Some correlates of Nigerian students' performances in chemical problem-solving. Research in Science & Technological Education, 11: 39–48.
2. AL-NAEME, F.F., and JOHNSTONE, A.H., 1991. Room for scientific thought. International Journal of Science Education, 13: 187–192.
3. ANDERSON, J.R., 1993. Problem solving and learning. American Psychologist, 48: 35–44.
4. ASHMORE, A.D., FRAZER, M.J., and CASSEY, R.J., 1979. Problem-solving and problem-solving networks in chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education, 56: 377–379.
5. AUSUBEL, O.P., NOVAK, J.D., and HANESIAN, H., 1978. Educational Psychology, a cognitive view, 2nd edn, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
6. BASILI, PA., and SANFORD, J.P., 1991. Conceptual change strategies and cooperative group work in chemistry. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 28: 293–304.
7. BODNER, G.M., 1991. I have found you an argument: the conceptual knowledge of beginning chemistry graduate students. Journal of Chemical Education, 68: 385–388.
8. DANILI, E., 2001. “ New teaching materials for secondary school chemistry: a study of psychological factors affecting pupil performance ”. University of Glasgow. MSc Thesis.
9. EL-BANNA, H.A.A., 1987. “ The development of a predictive theory of science education based upon information processing theory ”. University of Glasgow. PhD Thesis.
10. FRANK, D.V., BAKER, CA., and HERRON, J.D., 1987. Should students always use algorithms to solve problems?. Journal of Chemical Education, 64: 514–515.
11. FRAZER, M.J., 1982. Nyholm lecture: solving chemical problems. Chemical Society Reviews, 11: 171–190.
12. FRAZER, M.J., and SLEET, R.J., 1984. A study of students' attempts to solve chemical problems. European Journal of Science Education, 6: 141–152.
13. GABEL, D.L., and BUNCE, D.M., 1994. “ Research on problem solving: chemistry ”. In Handbook of Research on Science Teaching and Learning, a project of the National Science Teachers Association, Edited by: GABEL, D.L., New York: Macmillan.
14. GABEL, D.L., and SHERWOOD, R.D., 1983. Facilitating problem solving in high school chemistry. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 20: 163–177.
15. GAGNE, R.M., 1977. The Conditions of Learning, 3rd edn, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
16. GARNETT, P.J., and HACKING, M.W., 1995. Students' alternative conceptions in chemistry: a review of research and implications for teaching and learning. Studies in Science Education, 25: 69–95.
17. GAYFORD, C., 1989. A contribution to a methodology for teaching and assessment of group problem solving in biology among 15-year old pupils. Journal of Biological Education, 23: 193–198.
18. GLOVER, J. A., RONNING, R.R., and BRUNING, R.H., 1990. Cognitive Psychology for Teachers, New York: Macmillan.
19. GRANT, R.M., 1978. “ Group and individual problem solving of high school students ”. University of Oklahoma Graduate College, Purdue University. PhD Thesis.
20. GREENBOWE, T.J., 1983. “ An investigation of variables involved in chemistry problem solving ”. Purdue University. PhD Thesis.
21. GREENO, J.G., 1978. “ Natures of problem solving abilities ”. In Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes, Edited by: ESTES, W.K., Vol. 5, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
22. GREENO, J.G., and SIMON, HA., 1988. “ Problem solving and reasoning ”. In Steves' Handbook of Experimental Psychology, Edited by: ATKINSON, R.C., HERNSTEIN, R.J., LINDZEY, G., and LUCE, R.D., New York: Wiley.
23. HAYES, J.R., 1981. The Complete Problem Sober, Philadelphia, PN: The Franklin Institute Press.
24. HELGESON, S.L., 1994. “ Research on problem solving: in middle school ”. In Handbook of Research on Science Teaching and Learning: a project of the National Science Teachers Association, Edited by: GABEL, D.L., New York: Macmillan.
25. HERRON, J.D., and GREENBOWE, T.J., 1986. What can we do about Sue: a case study of competence. Journal of Chemical Education, 63: 528–531.
26. JOHNSON, D.W., and JOHNSON, R.T., 1975. Learning Together and Alone, cooperation, competition and individualization, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
27. JOHNSTONE, A.H., 1991. Why is science difficult to learn? Things are seldom what they seem. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 7: 75–83.
28. JOHNSTONE, A.H., 1993. “ Introduction ”. In Creative Problem Solving in Chemistry, Edited by: WOOD, C., and SLEET, R., London: The Royal Society of Chemistry.
29. JOHNSTONE, A.H., 1997. Chemistry teaching, science or alchemy?. Journal of Chemical Education, 74(3): 262–268.
30. JOHNSTONE, A.H., and EL-BANNA, H.A.A., 1986. Capacities, demands and processes: a predictive model for science education. Education in Chemistry, 23: 80–84.
31. KAHNEY, H., 1986. Problem Solving, a cognitive approach, Milton Keynes: Open University.
32. KEMPA, R.F., and AYOB, A., 1991. Learning interactions in group work in science. International Journal of Education, 13: 341–354.
33. KEMPA, R.F., and AYOB, A., 1995. Learning from group work in science. International Journal of Science Education, 17: 743–754.
34. KEMPA, R.F., and NICHOLLS, C.E., 1983. Problem-solving ability and cognitive structure--an exploratory investigation. European Journal of Science Education, 5: 171–184.
35. LAWSON, A.E., and WOLLMAN, W.T., 1977. Cognitive level, cognitive style and value judgment. Science Education, 61: 397–407.
36. LEE, K.W., 1985. Cognitive variables in problem solving in chemistry. Research in Science Education, 15: 43–50.
37. LEE, K.W., GOH, N.K., CHIA, L.S., and CHIN, C., 1996. Cognitive variables in problem solving in chemistry: a revisited study. Science Education, 80: 691–710.
38. LYCHOTT, J., 1990. Problem solving and requisite knowledge of chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education, 67: 248–252.
39. MAYER, R.E., 1997. Thinking, Problem Solving, Cognition, 2nd edn, New York: Freeman.
40. MILLER, GA., 1956. The magic number seven, plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Renew, 63: 81–91.
41. NAKHLEH, M.B., 1993. Are our students conceptual thinkers or algorithmic problem solvers? Identifying conceptual students in general chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education, 70(1): 52–55.
42. BODNER, G.M., and DOMIN, D.S., 2000. Mental models: the role of representations in problem solving in chemistry. University Chemistry Education, 4: 22–28.
43. CHANDRAN, S., TREAGUST, D.F., and TOBIN, K., 1987. The role of cognitive factors in chemistry achievement. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 24: 145–160.
44. NAKHLEH, M.B., and MITCHELL, R.C., 1993. Concept learning versus problem solving: there is a diffrence. Journal of Chemical Education, 70: 190–192.
45. NEWELL, A., and SIMON, H.A., 1972. Human Problem Solver, Englewood Clifis, NJ: Prentice-Hall. and Hemel Hempstead.
46. NIAZ, M., 1987. The role of cognitive factors in the teaching of science. Research in Science & Technological Education, 5: 7–16.
47. NIAZ, M., 1988a. The information-processing demand of chemistry problems and its relation to Pascual-Leone's functional M-capacity. International Journal of Science Education, 10: 231–238.
48. NIAZ, M., 1988c. Student performance in water pouring and balance beam tasks: effect of manipulation of perceptual field factor. Research in Science & Technological Education, 6: 39–50.
49. NIAZ, M., 1989. Relation between Pascual-Leone's structural and functional M-space and its effect on problem solving in chemistry. Journal of International Chemical Education, 11: 93–99.
50. NURRENBERN, S.C., and PICKERING, M., 1987. Concept learning versus problem solving: is there a difference?. Journal of Chemical Education, 64: 508–510.
51. OSBORNE, R.J., and COSGROVE, M.M., 1983. Children's conceptions of the change of state of water. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 20: 825–838.
52. PEREZ, D.G., and TORREGROSA, J.M., 1983. A model for problem-solving in accordance with scientific methodology. European Journal of Science Education, 5: 447–455.
53. PHELPS, A.J., 1996. Teaching to enhance problem solving; its more than the numbers. Journal of Chemical Education, 73: 301–304.
54. PICKERING, M., 1990. Further studies on concept learning versus problem solving. Journal of Chemical Education, 67: 254–255.
55. PIRKLE, S.F., and PALLRAND, G.L., 1988. Knowledge representation about projectile motion in junior high school students, (Eric Document Reproduction Service ED 294739)
56. POLYA, G., 1945. How to Solve It: a new aspect of mathematical method, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
57. QIN, Z., JOHNSON, D.W., and JOHNSON, R.T., 1995. Cooperative versus competitive efforts and problem solving. Review of Educational Research, 65: 129–143.
58. RONNING, R.R., MCCURDY, D., and BALLINGER, R., 1984. Individual differences: a third component in problem-solving instruction. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 21: 71–82.
59. SAWREY, B.A., 1990. Concept learning versus problem solving: revisited. Journal of Chemical Education, 67: 253–254.
60. SCOTTISH QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY. 1997. Scottish Certificate of Education Standard Grade Arrangements in Biology, Chemistry and Physics, General and Credit Levels in and after 1999, Dalkeith: Scottish Qualifications Authority.
61. SHAIBU, A.A.M. 1992. “ A study of the relationship between conceptual knowledge and problem-solving proficiency ”. In Empirical Research in Chemistry and Physics Education, Edited by: SCHMIDT, H.J., 163–174. Kiel: The International Council of Association for Science Education.
62. SIMON, O.P., and SIMON, H.A., 1978. “ Individual differences in solving physics problems ”. In Children's Thinking: what develops?, Edited by: SIEGIAR, R.S., Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
63. SLAVIN, R., 1983. Cooperative Learning, New York: Longman.
64. SQUIRES, F.H., 1977. An analysis of sex differences and cognitive styles on science problem solving situations. Dissertation Abstracts International, 38: 2688A
65. SUMFLETH, E., 1988. Knowledge of terms and problem-solving in chemistry. International Journal of Science Education, 1: 45–60.
66. NIAZ, M., 1988b. Manipulation of M-demand of chemistry problems and its effect on student performance: a neo-Piagetian study. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2: 643–657.
67. TINGLE, J.B., and GOOD, R., 1990. Effects of cooperative grouping on stoichiometric problem solving in high school chemistry. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 27: 671–683.
68. WADDLING, R.E., 1988. Pictorial problem-solving networks. Journal of Chemical Education, 65: 260–262.
69. WHEATLEY, G.H., 1984. MEPS Technical Report, Mathematics and Science Centre, Purdue University.
70. ZOLLER, U., 1987. The fostering of question-asking capability. Journal of Chemical Education, 64: 510–512. cited from