Compounding vulnerability: Pregnancy and schizophrenia

American Journal of Bioethics

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 2006, Pages

  Dudzinski, Denise M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

Clinical ethics; Decision making capacity; Integrity; Maternal fetal relationship; Schizophrenia; Vulnerability

Indexed keywords

ABORTION; ADDICTION; ADULT; BENEFICENCE; CASE REPORT; CUSTODY; DECISION MAKING; ETHICS; FEMALE; FETUS; HUMAN; INDUCED ABORTION; MEDICAL ETHICS; MENTAL CAPACITY; MORALITY; MOTHER FETUS RELATIONSHIP; PATIENT ADVOCACY; PATIENT EDUCATION; PERSONAL AUTONOMY; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATION; PREGNANCY OUTCOME; PREGNANT WOMAN; PRENATAL CARE; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PSYCHOLOGY; QUALITY OF LIFE; REVIEW; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SOCIAL SUPPORT; VULNERABLE POPULATION;

ABORTION APPLICANTS; ABORTION, INDUCED; ADULT; BENEFICENCE; DECISION MAKING; ETHICS CONSULTATION; ETHICS, CLINICAL; FEMALE; FETUS; HUMANS; LEGAL GUARDIANS; MATERNAL-FETAL RELATIONS; MENTAL COMPETENCY; MORAL OBLIGATIONS; PATIENT ADVOCACY; PATIENT EDUCATION; PERSONAL AUTONOMY; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS; PREGNANCY OUTCOME; PREGNANT WOMEN; PRENATAL CARE; QUALITY OF LIFE; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SCHIZOPHRENIC PSYCHOLOGY; SOCIAL SUPPORT; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS; VULNERABLE POPULATIONS;

EID: 33644662301     PISSN: 15265161     EISSN: 15360075     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15265160500506191     Document Type: Review

References (72)

1. Accornero, V. H., C. E. Morrow, E. S. Bandstra, A. L. Johnson, and J. C. Anthony. 2002. Behavioral outcome of preschoolers exposed prenatally to cocaine: Role of maternal behavioral health. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 27(3): 259-269.
2. Annas, G. J. 1986. Women as fetal containers. Hastings Center Report 16(6): 13.
3. Altschuler, L. L., L. Cohen, M. P. Szuba, V. K. Burt, M. Gitlin, and J. Mintz. 1996. Pharmacologic management of psychiatric illness during pregnancy: Dilemmas and guidelines. American Journal of Psychiatry 153(5): 592-606.
4. American Psychological Association. 2002. Ethical principles of psychologists & code of conduct. Washington, DC APA.
5. Beauchamp, T. L., and J. F. Childress. 2001. Principles of biomedical ethics (5th edn.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
6. Behnke, M., and F. D. Eyler. 1993. The consequences of prenatal substance use for the developing fetus, newborn, and young child. International Journal of Addiction 28(13): 1341-1391.
7. Behnke, M., F. D. Eyler, C. W. Garvan, and K. Wobie. 2001. The search for congenital malformations in newborns with fetal cocaine exposure. Pediatrics 107(5): E74.
8. Bennedsen, B. E. 1998. Adverse pregnancy outcome in schizophrenic women: Occurrence and risk factors. Schizophrenia Research 33(1-2): 1-26.
9. Bennedsen, B. E., P. B. Mortensen, A. V. Olesen, and T. B. Henriksen. 1999. Preterm birth and intra-uterine growth retardation among children of women with schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry 175: 239-245.
10. Bennedsen, B. E., P. B. Mortensen, A. V. Olesen, and T. B. Henriksen. 2001a. Congenital malformations, stillbirths, and infant deaths among children of women with schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 58(7): 674-679.
11. Bennedsen, B. E., P. B. Mortensen, A. V. Olesen, T. B. Henriksen, and M. Frydenberg. 2001b. Obstetric complications in women with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 47(2-3): 167-175.
12. Bennett, M. E., A. S. Bellack, and J. S. Gearon. 2001. Treating substance abuse in schizophrenia. An initial report. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 20 (2):163-75.
13. Berg, J. W., P. S. Appelbaurm, C. W. Lidz, and L. S. Parker. 2001. Informed consent: Legal theory & clinical practice (2nd edn.). New York: Oxford University Press.
14. Buchanan, A. E., and D. W. Brock. 1989. Deciding for others: The ethics of surrogate decision making. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
15. Burkett, G., S. Y. Yasin, D. Palow, L. LaVoie, and M. Martinez. 1994. Patterns of cocaine binging: Effect on pregnancy. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 171(2): 372-378; discussion 378-379.
16. Callahan, J. C., and J. W. Knight. 1992. Women, fetuses, medicine, and the law. In Feminist perspectives in medical ethics, ed. H. B. Holmes and L. M. Purdy. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
17. Carey, K. B., D. M. Purnine, S. A. Maisto, M. P. Carey, and K. L. Barnes. 1999. Decisional balance regarding substance use among persons with schizophrenia. Community Mental Health Journal 35(4): 289-299.
18. Chasnoff, I. J. 1991. Drugs, alcohol, pregnancy, and the neonate. Pay now or pay later. Journal of the American Medical Association 266(11): 1567-1568.
19. Chasnoff, I. J., D. R. Griffith, C. Freier, and J. Murray. 1992. Cocaine/polydrug use in pregnancy: two-year follow-up. Pediatrics 89(2): 284-289.
20. Committee on Bioethics, American Academy of Pediatrics. 1995. Informed consent, parental permission, and assent in pediatric practice. Pediatrics 95(2): 314-317.
21. Davis, N., A. Pohlman, B. Gehlbach, J. P. Kress, J. McAtee, J. Herlitz, and J. Hall. 2003. Improving the process of informed consent in the critically ill. Journal of the American Medical Association 289(15): 1963-1968.
22. Dodds, S. 2000. Choice and control in feminist bioethics. In Relational autonomy: Feminist perspectives on autonomy, agency, and the social self, ed. C. Mackenzie and N. Stoljar. New York: Oxford University Press.
23. Dudzinski, D. M., and M. Sullivan. 2004. When agreeing with the patient is not enough: A schizophrenic woman requests pregnancy termination. General Hospital Psychiatry 26(6): 475-480.
24. Dworkin, R. B. 1993. Medical law and ethics in the post-autonomy age. Indiana Law Journal 68: 727-742.
25. Eyler, F. D., and M. Behnke. 1995. Prenatal cocaine exposure. Consequences for child and family. Journal of the Florida Medical Association 82(9): 603-606.
26. Feldman, J. G., H. L. Minkoff, S. McCalla, and M. Salwen. 1992. A cohort study of the impact of perinatal drug use on prematurity in an inner-city population. American Journal of Public Health 82(5): 726-728.
27. Finnegan, L. P. 1994. Perinatal morbidity and mortality in substance using families: Effects and intervention strategies. Bulletin on Narcotics 46(1): 19-43.
28. Garcia, S. 1997. Ethical and legal issues associated with substance abuse by pregnant and parenting women. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 29(1): 101-111.
29. Garcia, S. A. 1990. Birth penalty: Societal responses to perinatal chemical dependence. Journal of Clinical Ethics 1(2): 135-140.
30. Goldfarb, N. I., A. L. Hillman, J. M. Eisenberg, M. A. Kelley, A. V. Cohen, and M. Dellheim. 1991. Impact of a mandatory Medicaid case management program on prenatal care and birth outcomes. A retrospective analysis. Medical Care 29(1): 64-71.
31. Grisso, T., and P. S. Appelbaum. 1998. Assessing competency to consent to treatment: A guide for physicians and other health professionals. New York: Oxford University Press.
32. Hawley, T. L., T. G. Halle, R. E. Drasin, and N. G. Thomas. 1995. Children of addicted mothers: Effects of the 'crack epidemic' on the caregiving environment and the development of preschoolers. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 65(3): 364-379.
33. Hiday, V. A., M. S. Swartz, J. W. Swanson, R. Borum, and H. R. Wagner. 1999. Criminal victimization of persons with severe mental illness. Psychiatric Services 50(1): 62-68.
34. Hiday, V. A., J. W. Swanson, M. S. Swartz, R. Borum, and H. R. Wagner. 2001. Victimization: A link between mental illness and violence? International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 24(6): 559-572.
35. Hulse, G. K., D. R. English, E. Milne, C. D. Holman, and C. I. Bower. 1997. Maternal cocaine use and low birth weight newborns: A meta-analysis. Addiction 92(11): 1561-1570.
36. Iqbal, M. M., S. P. Gundlapalli, W. G. Ryan, T. Ryals, and T. E. Passman. 2001. Effects of antimanic mood-stabilizing drugs on fetuses, neonates, and nursing infants. Southern Medical Journal 94(3): 304-322.
37. Johnsen, D. 1992. Shared interests: Promoting healthy births without sacrificing women's liberty. Hastings Law Journal 43(3): 569-614.
38. Jones, P. S., and A. I. Meleis. 1993. Health is empowerment. ANS Advances in Nursing Science 15(3): 1-14.
39. Jonsen, A. R., M. Siegler, and W. J. Winslade. 2002. Clinical ethics: A practical approach to ethical decisions in clinical medicine. (5th edn). New York: McGraw-Hill.
40. Kenner, C., and K. D'Apolito. 1997. Outcomes for children exposed to drugs in utero. Journal of Obstetetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing 26(5): 595-603.
41. Kerns, L. L. 1986. Treatment of mental disorders in pregnancy. A review of psychotropic drug risks and benefits. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 174(11): 652-659.
42. Kliegman, R. M., D. Madura, R. Kiwi, I. Eisenberg, and T. Yamashita. 1994. Relation of maternal cocaine use to the risks of prematurity and low birth weight. Journal of Pediatrics 124(5 Pt 1): 751-756.
43. Koren, G., I. Nulman, J. Rovet, R. Greenbaum, M. Loebstein, and T. Einarson. 1998. Long-term neurodevelopmental risks in children exposed in utero to cocaine. The Toronto Adoption Study. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 846: 306-313.
44. Kuller, J. A., V. L. Katz, M. J. McMahon, S. R. Wells, and R. A. Bashford. 1996. Pharmacologic treatment of psychiatric disease in pregnancy and lactation: Fetal and neonatal effects. Obstetrics and Gynecology 87(5 Pt 1): 789-794.
45. Leikin, S. L. 1983. Minors' assent or dissent to medical treatment. Journal of Pediatrics 102(2): 169-176.
46. Lidz, C. W. 1998. Coercion in psychiatric care: What have we learned from research? Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law 26(4): 631-637.
47. Ludwig, M. A., M. Marecki, P. J. Wooldridge, and L. M. Sherman. 1996. Neonatal nurses' knowledge of and attitudes toward caring for cocaine-exposed infants and their mothers. Journal of Perinatal and Neonatal Nursing 9(4): 81-95.
48. Lutzen, K. 1998. Subtle coercion in psychiatric practice. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 5(2): 101-107.
49. MacGregor, S. N., L. G. Keith, I. J. Chasnoff, M. A. Rosner, G. M. Chisum, P. Shaw, and J. P. Minogue. 1987. Cocaine use during pregnancy: Adverse perinatal outcome. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 157(3): 686-690.
50. Mackenzie, C., and N. Stoljar. 2000. Introduction: Autonomy refigured. In Relational autonomy: Feminist perspectives on autonomy, agency, and the social self, ed. C. Mackenzie and N. Stoljar. New York: Oxford University Press.
51. Mahowald, M., and V. Abernethy. 1985. When a mentally ill woman refuses abortion. Hastings Center Report 15(2): 22-23.
52. Maisto, S. A., K. B. Carey, M. P. Carey, D. M. Purnine, and K. L. Barnes. 1999. Methods of changing patterns of substance use among individuals with co-occurring schizophrenia and substance use disorder. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 17(3): 221-227.
53. McCullough, L. B., and Chervenak F. A. 1994. Ethics in Obstetrics & Gynecology. New York: Oxford University Press.
54. McCullough, L. B., J. Coverdale, T. Bayer, and F. A. Chervenak. 1992. Ethically justified guidelines for family planning interventions to prevent pregnancy in female patients with chronic mental illness. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 167(1): 19-25.
55. McCullough, L. B., J. H. Coverdale, and F. A. Chervenak. 2002. Ethical challenges of decision making with pregnant patients who have schizophrenia. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 187(3): 696-702.
56. Miller, W. H., Jr., J. D. Bloom, and M. P. Resnick. 1992. Chronic mental illness and perinatal outcome. General Hospital Psychiatry 14 (3): 171-176.
57. Neuspiel, D. R. 1996. Racism and perinatal addiction. Ethnicity and Disease 6(1-2): 47-55.
58. O'Brien, A. J., and C. G. Golding. 2003. Coercion in mental healthcare: The principle of least coercive care. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 10(2): 167-173.
59. Petitti, D. B., and C. Coleman. 1990. Cocaine and the risk of low birth weight. American Journal of Public Health 80(1): 25-28.
60. Richardson, G. A., S. C. Hamel, L. Goldschmidt, and N. L. Day. 1996. The effects of prenatal cocaine use on neonatal neurobehavioral status. Neurotoxicology Teratology 18(5): 519-528.
61. Ruddick, S. 1989. Maternal thinking. Boston: Beacon Press.
62. Sherwin, S. 1991. Abortion through a feminist ethics lens. Dialogue of the canadian philosophical association 30: 327-342.
63. Sherwin, S. 1992. No longer patient: Feminist ethics and health care. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
64. Shiono, P. H., M. A. Klebanoff, R. P. Nugent, M. F. Cotch, D. G. Wilkins, D. E. Rollins, J. C. Carey, and R. E. Behrman. 1995. The impact of cocaine and marijuana use on low birth weight and preterm birth: A multicenter study. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 172(1 Pt 1): 19-27.
65. Spence, M. R., R. Williams, G. J. DiGregorio, A. Kirby-McDonnell, and M. Polansky. 1991. The relationship between recent cocaine use and pregnancy outcome. Obstetrics and Gynecology 78(3 Pt 1): 326-329.
66. Spiers, J. 2000. New perspectives on vulnerability using emic and etic approaches. Journal of Advanced Nursing 31(3): 715-721.
67. Swartz, M. S., J. W. Swanson, V. A. Hiday, R. Borum, H. R. Wagner, and B. J. Burns. 1998a. Violence and severe mental illness: The effects of substance abuse and nonadherenceto medication. American Journal of Psychiatry 155(2): 226-231.
68. Swartz, M. S., J. W. Swanson, V. A. Hiday, R. Borum, R. Wagner, and B. J. Burns. 1998b. Taking the wrong drugs: The role of substance abuse and medication noncompliance in violence among severely mentally ill individuals. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 33(Suppl 1): S75-S80.
69. Ubel, P. A., G. Loewenstein, and C. Jepson. 2003. Whose quality of life? A commentary exploring discrepancies between health state evaluations of patients and the general public. Quality of Life Research 12(6): 599-607.
70. Wendell, Susan. 1992. Toward a feminist theory of disability. In Feminist perspectives in medical ethics, ed. H. B. Holmes and L. M. Purdy. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
71. Wolf, S. M. 1996. Introduction: Gender and feminism in bioethics. In Feminism and Bioethics, ed. S. M. Wolf. New York: Oxford University Press.
72. Zaner, R. M. 2000. Power and hope in the clinical encounter: A meditation on vulnerability. Medicine, Health Care, and Philosophy 3(3): 265-275.