Emission of ammonia from indoor concrete wall and assessment of human exposure

Environment International

Volumn 32, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 303-311

  Bai, Z ^a   Dong, Y ^a,b   Wang, Z ^a   Zhu, T ^a  

^a NANKAI UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b TIANJIN POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Ammonia; Chamber; Concrete; Emission; Exposure; Potential dose

Indexed keywords

AMMONIA; CEMENTS; CONCRETES; HEALTH RISKS;

CHAMBERS; EMISSION; EXPOSURE; POTENTIAL DOSE;

PARTICULATE EMISSIONS;

AMMONIA; CEMENT; CONCRETE; UREA;

AMMONIA; CONCRETE; HEALTH RISK; INDOOR AIR; POLLUTION EXPOSURE;

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL; AIR QUALITY CONTROL; ARTICLE; BREATHING RATE; BUILDING; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; EXPOSURE; FREEZING; HEALTH HAZARD; HUMAN; INDOOR AIR POLLUTION; MATHEMATICAL COMPUTING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK REDUCTION; TEMPERATURE;

EID: 33644647913     PISSN: 01604120     EISSN: 18736750     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2005.06.002     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. C.E. Amshel, M.H. Fealk, B.J. Phillips, and D.M. Caruso Anhydrous ammonia burns case report and review of the literature Burns 26 2000 493 497
2. Z. Bai, C. Jia, and T. Zhu Estimate of potential inhalation dose to formaldehyde in indoor/outdoor air for residents in new decorated apartments using Scenario Evaluation Approach Proceedings of Second Asian Symposium on Risk Assessment and Management, Kobe, Japan, November 23-25 2001 204 208
3. Bai Z, Jia C, Zhu T. Indoor air quality related standards in China. Proceedings (IV) of Indoor Air 2002. Tsukuba, Japan: Society for Risk Analysis; Beijing, China: Beijing Normal University; Seoul, Korea: Korea Society of Environmental Toxicology; 2002. p. 1012-7.
4. Y. Li, X. Wang, and W. Mu Analysis of ammonia in indoor air by oscillopolarography 2nd Indoor Air Quality in Asia International Conference, October, Beijing 1994 262 267
5. B. Liang Indoor air pollution-ammonia pollution Proceeding of international workshop on indoor air quality. State environmental protection administration of China, August, Beijing, China 2001 86 90 (in Chinese)
6. F. Marcl, L.J. David, L. Melissam, and J.B. Nancy Automated measurements of ammonia and nitric acid in indoor and outdoor air Environ Sci Technol 37 2003 2114 2119
7. E. Puhakka, J. Joutsiniemi, and J. Karkkainen Remedial measures against high concentrations of ammonia in buildings 6th healthy buildings international conference; microbes, moisture and building physics, healthy buildings Espoo vol. 3 1996-2000 Publications Department of Chemistry, University of Joensuu Finland 451 456
8. A. Sisovic, K. Sega, and N. Kalinic Indoor/outdoor relationship of ammonia concentrations in selected office buildings Sci Total Environ 61 1987 73 77
9. A.B. Spencer, and M.G. Gressel A hazard and operability study of anhydrous ammonia application in agriculture Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 54 1993 671 677
10. 3-concentration in air and health symptoms, http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/ammonia-health-symptoms-39- 901.html.
11. The Finnish Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate. Requirements for building product: the emission classification of building materials. Classification of Indoor Climate, Finland: Publication 5. Espoo, 2000; 40-48.
12. G. Tidy, and J.N. Cape Ammonia concentrations in houses and public buildings Atmos Environ, A Gen Topics 27 1993 2235 2237
13. M. Tuomainen, and J. Pirinen Tvoc, formaldehyde and ammonia levels in two new blocks of flats Proceedings (I) of Indoor Air 2002 2002 International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ) Monterey, CA, USA 244 248
14. M. Tuomainen, A. Pasanen, and A. Tuomainen Usefulness of the Finnish classification of indoor climate, construction and finishing materials: comparison of indoor climate between two new blocks of flats in Finland Atmos Environ 35 2000 305 313
15. U.S. Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ASTDR) Toxicological Profile For Ammonia, December 1990; pp. 1-57.
16. L. Wirtanen, J. Eronen, and V. Penttala The moisture content and emissions from floors subjected to a moisture load Proceedings (III) of Indoor Air 2002 2002 International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ) Monterey, CA, USA 244 249