The Turkana Patrol of 1918 reconsidered

Ethnohistory

Volumn 53, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 95-119

  Collins, Robert O ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 33644646373     PISSN: 00141801     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1215/00141801-53-1-95     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. In the Turkana language the orthography is Eturkanait (sing.), Ngiturkana (pl.), and Turkan for Turkanaland. I have used Turkana for both singular and plural since that is the accepted usage in the voluminous anthropological and historical literature on the Turkana. I have, however, retained Turkan for Turkanaland.
2. Lamphear, Aspects of Turkana Leadership; Traditional History of the Jie, chap. 5; Scattering Time.
3. Lamphear, Scattering Time, 4.
4. John Tosh, Clan Leaders and Colonial Chiefs in Lango (Oxford, 1978), 8.
5. Elizabeth Tonkin, Investigating Oral Tradition, Journal of African History 27 (1986): 209-10.
6. Mustafa Kemal Mirzeler, Oral Tradition of Origin as a Remembered Memory and a Repeated Event: Sorghum as a Gift in Jie and Turkana Historical Consciousness, Ethnohistory 51 (2004): 223-56.
7. Elizabeth Tonkin, Narrating Our Past: The Social Construction of Oral History (Cambridge, 1992), III.
8. Lamphear, Aspects of Turkana Leadership, 226.
9. Lamphear, Scattering Time, 30-32.
10. Lamphear, Aspects of Turkana Leadership, 227.
11. Alexander Bulatovich, Ethiopia through Russian Eyes: Country in Transition, 1896-1898, trans. Richard Seltzer (Lawrenceville, NJ, 2000), 178.
12. Pascal James Imperato, Quest for the Jade Sea: Colonial Competition around an East African Lake (Boulder, CO, 1998), 192-93.
13. Gebru Tareke, Ethiopia: Power and Protest - Peasant Revolts in the Twentieth Century (Cambridge, 1991), 71.
14. Peter P. Garretson, Vicious Cycles: Ivory, Slaves, and Arms on the New Maji Frontier, in The Southern Marches of Imperial Ethiopia, ed. Donald L. Donham and Wendy James (Oxford, 2002), 199-201.
15. The account in this section is derived from Lamphear, Scattering Time. Parenthetical page and chapter numbers in the text refer to this book.
16. Collins, Turkana Patrol;
17. Lamphear, Scattering Time, 172-98.
18. Assistant Commissioner, King's African Rifles, to Major H. Rayne, 4 December 1917, No. T/31/6, Mongalla, 1/2/10, SGA. The Turkana Patrol was called by the East African authorities the Labur Patrol. In Sudan, however, it was known as the Turkana Patrol or simply Patrol 44.
19. Report by Major H. Rayne, No. 112, 2 June 1918, Mongalla, 1/2/10.
20. Wingate to Governor Nairobi, quoted in Wheatley to Private Secretary, Khartoum, Tel. 056, 8 November 1917, Mongalla, 1/2/10.
21. Ibid.
22. Narrative of Operations and Jones-Vaughan to Owen, 2 May 1918, Mongalla, 1/2/10;
23. H. Moyse-Bartlett, The King's African Rifles: A Study in the Military History of East and Central Africa, 1890-1945 (Aldershot, UK, 1956), 422.
24. Jones-Vaughan to Owen, 26 May 1918, Mongalla, 1/2/10;
25. Henry Rayne, The Ivory Raiders (London, 1923), 160-73;
26. Moyse-Bartlett, King's African Rifles, 422.
27. Narrative of Operations, Mongalla, 1/2/10. No. 6 Company, Equatorial Battalion, fought this day with the utmost bravery and determination. They had been recruited exclusively from the Acholi and Latuka tribes and their action at Kangala attests to the martial qualities of those tribes.
28. White to Owen, 3 June 1918; Jones-Vaughan to Owen, 4 June 1918;
29. Report by Major H. Rayne, No. 112, 2 June 1918, Narrative of Operations, Mongalla, 1/2/10.
30. 1918, Narrative of Operations, Ibid.
31. Report by Jones-Vaughan, 30 May 1918; Comments by Major White on Report by Jones-Vaughan, 31 May 1918; Jones-Vaughan to Owen, 4 June 1918; Jones-Vaughan to Major White, 2 June 1918; White to Crampton, 3 June 1918; Report by Major Rayne, No. 112, 2 June 1918; Crampton to Jones-Vaughan, 2 and 16 June 1918, Mongalla, 1/2/10.
32. Crampton to Jones-Vaughan, 2 June 1918, Mongalla, 1/2/10.
33. Assistant Commissioner KAR to Major Rayne, 4 December 1917, Mongalla, 1/2/10.
34. Neville Dyson-Hudson, Turkana, in Primitive Worlds: People Lost in Time (Washington, DC: National Geographic Society, 1973), 85-112.
35. See the essay by Michael N. I. Lokuruka and Pauline A. Lokuruka in this special issue of Ethnohistory.
36. The far north of Turkan, known as the Ilemi Triangle, has remained a contested territory between Sudan and Kenya to the present day. See Nene Mburu, Firearms and Political Power: The Military Decline of the Turkana of Kenya, 1900-2000, Nordic Journal of African Studies 10.2 (2001): 31-48;
37. Robert O. Collins, The Ilemi Triangle, in his Civil Wars and Revolution in the Sudan: Essays on the Sudan, Southern Sudan, and Darfur, 1962-2004 (Hollywood, CA: Tsehai, 2005), 367-75.