The impact of leadership and change management strategy on organizational culture and individual acceptance of change during a merger

British Journal of Management

Volumn 17, Issue SUPPL. 1, 2006, Pages

  Kavanagh, Marie H ^a   Ashkanasy, Neal M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33644631868     PISSN: 10453172     EISSN: 14678551     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8551.2006.00480.x     Document Type: Article

References (106)

1. Agarwal, A. and J. F. Jaffe (2000). The post-merger performance puzzle'. In: C. Cooper and A. Gregory, Advances in Mergers and Acquisitions, 1, pp. 7-14. Elsevier Science, New York.
2. Albert, S. (1992). The algebra of change'. In L. L. Cummings and B. Staw (eds), Research in Organizational Behavior, 14, pp. 179-229. JAI Press, Greenwich, CT.
3. Alker, H. (1969). 'A typology of ecological fallacies'. In: M. Dogan and S. Rokkan (eds), Quantitative Ecological Analysis in the Social Sciences. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
4. Amabile, T. M. (1998). 'How to kill creativity', Harvard Business Review, 76(5), pp. 76-87.
5. Argyris, C. (1993). Knowledge for Action. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.
6. Ashkanasy, N. M., L. E. Broadfoot and S. Falkus (2000). 'Questionnaire measures of organizational culture'. In: N. M. Ashkanasy, C. P. E. Wilderom and M. F. Peterson (eds), Handbook of Organizational Culture and Climate, pp. 131-145. Sage Publications, London.
7. Ashkanasy, N. M. and S. Holmes (1995). 'Perceptions of organizational ideology following merger: a longitudinal study of merging accounting firms', Accounting, Organizations and Society, 20(1), pp. 19-34.
8. Avolio, B. J. and B. M. Bass (2002). Manual for the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (Form 5X). Mindgarden, Redwood City, CA.
9. Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Free Press, New York.
10. Bass, B. M. and B. J. Avolio (1994). Improving Organizational Effectiveness through Transformational Leadership. Sage, Thousand Oaks CA.
11. Berquist, W. (1993). The Postmodern Organization: Mastering the Art of Irreversible Change. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.
12. Bluedorn, A. C. (2000). Time and organizational culture'. In: N. M. Ashkanasy, C. P. E. Wilderom and M. F. Peterson (eds), Handbook of Organizational Culture and Climate, pp. 117-129. Sage Publications, London.
13. Buono, A., J. Bowditch and J. Lewis (1985). 'When cultures collide: the anatomy of a merger', Human Relations, 1, pp. 477-500.
14. Burke, W. W. (1994). Organization Development: A Process of Learning and Changing. 2nd edn. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.
15. Callan, V. J., D. J. Terry and R. J. Schweitzer (1995). 'Coping resources, coping strategies and adjustment to organizational change: Direct or buffering effects', Work and Stress, 8, pp. 372-383.
16. Cartwright, S. and C. L. Cooper (1992). Mergers and Acquisitions: The Human Factor. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
17. Cartwright, S. and C. L. Cooper (1993). The role of cultural compatibility in successful organizational marriage', Academy of Management Executive, 7(2), pp. 57-70.
18. Cartwright, S. and C. L. Cooper (1996). Managing Mergers, Acquisitions and Strategic alliances: Integrating People and Cultures. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
19. Champy, J. (1995). Reingineering Management: The Mandate for New Leadership. Harper Business, New York.
20. Chemers, M. M. (2001). 'Leadership effectiveness: An integrative review'. In: M. A. Hogg and S. Tindale (eds), Blackwell handbook of social psychology: Group processes, pp. 376-399. Blackwell, Maulden, MA.
21. Conger, J. A. and R. N. Kanungo (1988). The empowerment process: Integrating theory and practice', Academy of Management Review, 13, pp. 471-182.
22. Conger, J. and R. Kanugo (1987). Toward a behavioural theory of charismatic leadership in organizational settings,' Academy of Management Review, 12, pp. 637-647.
23. Covin, T., T. A. Kolenko, K. W. Sightler and R. K. Tudor (1997). 'Leadership Style and Post-Merger Satisfaction", The Journal of Management Development, 16(1), pp. 22-34.
24. Davy, J. A., A. Kinicki, J. Kilroy and C. Scheck (1988). 'After the merger: dealing with people's uncertainty', Training and Development Journal, November, pp. 57-61.
25. Fishman, N. and L. Kavanaugh (1989). 'Searching for your missing quality link', Journal for Quality and Participation, 12, pp. 28-32.
26. Fry, L. W. (2003). Towards a theory of spiritual leadership', Leadership Quarterly, 14, pp. 693-727.
27. Galbraith, J. R. (1977). Organization Design. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.
28. Gardner, W. L. and B. A. Avolio (1998). The charismatic relationship: A dramaturgical perspective', Academy of Management Review, 23, pp. 32-58.
29. Goffee, R. and G. Jones (2001). 'Organizational culture: a sociological perspective'. In C. L. Cooper, S. Carwright and P. C. Earley, The International Handbook of Organizational Culture and Climate. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester.
30. Gregory, K. L. (1983). 'Native view paradigms: multiple cultures and culture conflicts in organizations', Administrative Science Quarterly, 28, pp. 359-376.
31. Haslam, S. A. and M. J. Platow (2001). 'Your wish is our command: the role of shared social identity in translating a leader's vision into followers' action'. In: M. A. Hogg and D. Terry (eds), Social identity processes in organisations, pp. 213-228. Psychology Press, New York.
32. Harrison, R. (1972). 'How to describe your organization's culture', Harvard Business Review, 5(1), pp. 119-128.
33. Harrison, R. (1975). 'Diagnosing organization ideology'. In: J. Jones and J. Pfeiffer (eds), The 1975 Annual Handbook for Group Facilitators, pp. 101-107. University Associates, La Jolla.
34. Hatch, M. J. (1993). The dynamics of organizational culture', Academy of Management Review, 18(4), pp. 657-693.
35. Hatch, M. J. (2000). 'The cultural dynamics of organizing and change'. In: N. M. Ashkanasy, C. P. E. Wilderom and M. F. Peterson (eds), Handbook of Organizational Culture and Climate, pp. 245-261. Sage Publications Inc., London.
36. Hater, J. J. and B. M. Bass (1988). 'Superiors evaluations and subordinates' perceptions of transformational and transactional leadership', Journal of Applied Psychology, 73, pp. 695-702.
37. Herscovitch, L. and J. P. Meyer (2002). 'Commitment to organizational change: Extension of a three-component model', Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, pp. 474-487.
38. Hitt, M. A., J. S. Harrison and R. D. Ireland (2001). Mergers and acquisitions: A guide to creating value for stakeholders. Oxford University Press, New York.
39. Hitt, M. A., R. E. Hoskisson, R. D. Ireland and J. S. Harrison (1991). 'Effects of acquisitions on R&D inputs and outputs', Academy of Management Journal, 34(3), pp. 693-706.
40. Hogg, M. A. (1996). 'Intragroup processes, group structure and social identity'. In: W. P. Robinson (ed.), Social groups and identities: Developing the legacy of Henri Tajfel, pp. 65-93. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
41. Hogg, M. A. and D. Abrams (1988). Social identifications: A social psychology of intergroup relations and group processes. Routledge, London.
42. Hogg, M. A. and D. J. Terry (eds) (2001). Social Identity processes in organizational contexts. Psychology Press, Philadelphia, PA.
43. Hogg, M. A. and D. van Knippenberg (2003). 'Social identity and leadership processes in groups'. In: M. P. Zanna (ed.) Advances in experimental social psychology, 35, pp. 1-52. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
44. House, R. J. (1996). 'Path-goal theory of leadership: Lessons, legacy, and a reformulated theory', The Leadership Quarterly, 3(2), pp. 81-108.
45. House, R. J. and B. Shamir (1993). 'Toward the integration of transformational, charismatic, and visionary theories'. In: M. M. Chemers and R. Ayman (eds), Leadership theory and research:Perspectives and direction, pp. 81-107. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
46. Huy, Q. N. (2002). 'Emotional balancing of organizational continuity and radical change: The contribution of middle managers', Administrative Science Quarterly, 47, pp. 31-69.
47. Ivancevich, J. M., D. M. Schweiger and F. R. Power (1987). 'Strategies for managing human resource issues during mergers and acquisitions', Human Resource Planning, 12, Part 1, March, pp. 19-35.
48. James, L. R. (1982). 'Aggregation bias in estimates of perceptual agreement', Journal of Applied Psychology, 69, pp. 85-98.
49. Jick, T. D. (1979). 'Mixing qualitative and quantitative methods: triangulation in action', Administrative Science Quarterly, 12, pp. 602-611.
50. Judge, T. A., J. E. Bono, R. Hies and M. W. Gerhardt (2002). 'Personality and leadership: A qualitative and quantitative review', Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), pp. 765-780.
51. Jung, D. (2001). Transformational and transactional leadership and their effects on creativity in groups', Creativity Research Journal, 13, pp. 185-195.
52. Jung, D. and B. Avolio (2000). 'Opening the black box: An experimental investigation of the mediating effects of trust and value congruence on transformational and transactional leadership', Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, pp. 949-964.
53. Kanter, R., B. Moss, Stein and T. Jick (1992). 'The Challenge of Organizational Change'. Free Press, New York.
54. King, D. R., D. R. Dalton, C. M. Daily and J. G. Covin (2004). ' Meta-analyses of post acquisition performance: Indications of unidentified moderators', Strategic Management Journal, 25(2), pp. 187-200.
55. Kitching, J. (1967). 'Why do mergers miscarry?', Harvard Business Review, 45(6), pp. 88-101.
56. Klein, K. J. and S. W. J. Kozlowski (2000). 'From micro to meso: critical steps in conceptualising and conducting multilevel research', Organizational Research Methods, 3(3), pp. 211-237.
57. Kolter, J. P. (1988). The leadership factor. Free Press, New York.
58. Kouzes, J. M. and B. Z. Pozner (1987). The leadership challenge. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA.
59. Krug, J. and H. Hegarty (1997). 'Post Acquisition Turnover among US Top Management Teams: An Analysis of the Effects of Foreign vs Domestic Acquisitions of US Targets', Strategic. Management Journal, 18(8), pp. 667-675.
60. Lazarus, R. S. and S. Folkman (1984). Stress, Appraisal and Coping. Springer Publishing Company, New York.
61. Markus, H. and E. Wurf (1987). 'The dynamic self-concept: A social psychological perspective', Annual Review of Psychology, 38, pp. 299-338.
62. Martin, J. (1992). Cultures in Organization. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
63. Martin, J. (2002). Organizational Culture Mapping the Terrain. Sage Publications, Beverly Hills, CA.
64. Meyer, A. D. (1982). 'Adapting to environmental jolts', Administrative Science Quarterly, 27, 515-537.
65. Michela, J. L. and W. W. Burke (2000). 'Organizational culture and climate in transformations for quality and innovation'. In: N. M. Ashkanasy, C. P. E. Wilderom and M. F. Peterson (eds), Handbook of Organizational Culture and Climate, pp. 117-129. Sage Publications Inc., London.
66. Michela, J. L., M. P. Lukaszwski and J. P. Allegrante (1995). 'Organizational climate and work stress: a general framework applied to inner-city schoolteachcrs'. In: S. L. Sauter and L. R. Murphy (eds), Organizational Risk Factors for Job Stress, pp. 61-80. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
67. Miles, M. B. and A. M. Huberman (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Sourcebook of New Methods. Sage Publications, Beverley Hills, CA.
68. Mirvis, P. H. (1985). 'Negotiations after the sale: the roots and ramifications of conflict in an acquisition', Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 6, pp. 115-136.
69. Mumford, M. D., G. M. Scott, B. Gaddis and J. M. Strange (2002). 'Leading creative people: Orchestrating expertise and relationships', Leadership Quarterly, 13, pp. 705-750.
70. Nadler, D. A., P. K. Thies and M. B. Nadler (2001). 'Culture Change in the Strategic enterprise: Lessons from the Field'. In: C. L. Cooper, S. Carwright and P. C. Earley, The International Handbook of Organizational Culture and Climate. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester.
71. Nahavandi, A. and A. R. Malckzadeh (1988). 'Acculturation in mergers and acquisitions', Academy of Management Review, 13(1), pp. 79-90.
72. Ott, J. S. (1989). The Organizational Culture Perspective. Brooks Cole, Pacific Grove, CA.
73. Panchal, S. and S. Cartwright (2001). 'Group Differences in Post-Merger Stress", Journal of Managerial Psychology, 16(6), pp. 424-433.
74. Peterson, M. F. and P. B. Smith (2000). 'Sources of meaning, organizations, and culture: making sense of organizationalevents'. In: N. M. Ashkanasy, C. P. E. Wilderom and M. F. Peterson (eds), Handbook of Organizational Culture and Climate, pp. 117-129. Sage Publications Inc., London.
75. Podsakoff, P. M. and D. Organ (1986). 'Self-reports in organizational research: problems and prospects', Journal of Management, 12, pp. 531-544.
76. Pondy, L. R. and A. S. Huff (1988). 'Budget cutting in Riverside: emergent policy refraining as a process of conflict minimisation'. In: L. R. Pondy, R. J. Boland and H. Thomas (eds), Managing Ambiguity and Change, pp. 177-200. Wiley, New York.
77. Porras, J. I. and P. J. Robertson (1992). 'Organizational development, theory, practice, and research'. In: M. D. Dunnette and L. M. Hough (eds), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 2nd edn, pp. 719-782. Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA.
78. Reger, R. K., L. T. Gustafson, S. M. Demarie and J. V. Mullane (1994). 'Reframing the organization: why implementing total quality is easier said than done', Academy of Management Review, 19(3), pp. 565-584.
79. Rousseau, D. M. (1985). 'Issues of level in organizational research', Research in Organizational Behavior, 7, pp. 1-37.
80. Sales, A. S. and P. H. Mirvis (1984). 'When cultures collide: issues in acquisitions'. In: J. R. Kimberley and R. E. Quinn (eds), Managing Organizational Transitions, pp. 107-133. Irwin, Homewood, IL.
81. Sathe, V. and E. J. Davidson (2000). 'Toward a new conceptualization of culture change'. In: N. M. Ashkanasy, C. P. E. Wilderom and M. F. Peterson (eds), Handbook of Organizational Culture and Climate, pp. 117-129. Sage Publications Inc., London.
82. Schein, E. H. (1985). Organizational Culture and Leadership: A Dynamic View. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.
83. Schein, E. H. (1992). Organizational Culture and Leadership: A Dynamic View, 2nd edn. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.
84. Schuler, R. and S. Jackson (2001). 'HR Issues and Activities in Mergers and Acquisitions', European Management Journal, 19(3), pp. 239-253.
85. Schweiger, D. M. and A. DeNisi (1991). 'Communication with employees following a merger: a longitudinal field experiment', Academy of Management Journal, 14, pp. 110-135.
86. Schweiger, D. M., J. M. Ivancevich and F. R. Power (1987). 'Executive actions for managing human resources before and after acquisitions', Academy of Management Executive, 1, pp. 127-137.
87. Stogdill, R. M. (1974). Handbook of leadership: A survey of the literature. Free Press, New York.
88. Tajfel, H. and J. C. Turner (1979). 'An integrative theory of intergroup conflict'. In: W. G. Austin and S. Worchel (eds), The social psychology of intergroup relations, pp. 33-47. Brooks-Cole, Monterey, CA.
89. Terry, D. J., C. J. Carey and V. J. Callan (2001). 'Employee Adjustment to an Organizational Merger: An IntergroupPerspective", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, pp. 267-280.
90. Terry, D. J. and A. T. O'Brien (2001). 'Status, Legitimacy, and Ingroup Bias in the Context of an Organizational Merger', Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 4(3), pp. 271-289.
91. Trice, H. M. and J. M. Beyer (1993). The Cultures of Work Organizations. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
92. Valikangas, L. and A. Okumara (1997). 'Why do people follow leaders? A study of a US and a Japanese change program', Leadership Quarterly, 8(3), pp. 313-337.
93. Van Dick, R. (2004). 'My job is my castle: Identification in orgnizational contexts'. In: C. L. Cooper and I. T. Robertson (eds), International Review of Industrial and Organization Psychology, 19, pp. 171-203. Wiley, Chichester.
94. Van Knippenberg, D. and M. A. Hogg (2003). 'A social identity model of leadership effectiveness in organizations'. In: B. Staw and R. M. Kramer (eds), Research in Organizational Behavior, 25, pp. 245-297. JAI Press, Greenwich, CN.
95. Van Knippenberg, D. and E. van Leeuwen (2001). 'Oganizational identity after a merger: Sense on continuity as a key to postmerger identification'. In: M. A. Hogg and D. J. Terry (eds), Social identity processes in organizational contexts, pp. 249-264. Psychology Press, Philadelphia.
96. Van Oudenhoven, J. P. and T. deBoer (1995). 'Complementarity and similarity of partners in international mergers', Basic and Applied social Psychology, 17, pp. 343-356.
97. Watzlawick, P., J. Weaklund and R. Fisch (1974). Change. Norton, New York.
98. Weber, M. (1978). Economy and Society. University of California, Berkeley, CA.
99. Weber, Y. (1989). 'The effects of top management culture clash on the implementation of mergers and acquisitions'. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of South Carolina.
100. Weber, Y. (1996). 'Corporate Culture Fit and Performance in Mergers and Acquisitions', Human Relations, 49(9), pp. 1181-1202.
101. Weber, Y., D. M. Schweiger and M. H. Lubatkin (1992). 'Cultural clash in mergers and acquisitions: a longitudinal study on the acquired top management turnover'. Unpublished paper presented at the Annual Meeting at the Academy of Management, Las Vegas, Nevada.
102. Weick, K. E. and R. E. Quinn (1999). 'Organizational change and development', Annual Review of Psychology, 50, pp. 361-386.
103. Whiteley, A. M. (1995). Managing Change: A Core Values Approach. Macmillan Education, Melbourne.
104. Yin, R. K. (1984). Case Study Research: Design and Methods Sage, Beverly Hills, CA.
105. Yukl, G. A. (2002). Leadership in Organizations. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River.
106. Zammuto, R. F., B. Gifford and E. A. Goodman (2000). 'Managerial ideologies, organizational culture, and the outcomes of innovation'. In: N. M. Ashkanasy and C. P. M. Wilderom (chair), New perspectives on assessing and using the organization-culture in organization science. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Academy of Management, Vancouver, BC.