Nocturnal lagophthalmos: An overview and classification

Ocular Surface

Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 44-53

  Latkany, Robert ^a,b   Lock, Barbara ^c   Speaker, Mark ^a  

^a NEW YORK MEDICAL COLLEGE   (United States)

^b Columbia University Medical Center ^*  (United States)

^c NewYork Presbyterian Hospital   (United States)

Author keywords

Dry eye; Exposure keratopathy; Eyelid; Lagophthalmos; Nocturnal lagophthalmos; Obscure lagophthalmos

Indexed keywords

ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; ARTIFICIAL TEAR; BORIC ACID; CYCLOSPORIN A; DIQUAFOSOL; EYE DROPS; EYE OINTMENT; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PLACEBO; SILICON; SOOTHE; STEROID; TETRACYCLINE;

ANAMNESIS; ARTICLE; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE; BLEPHARITIS; DEVICE; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DRY EYE; EXOPHTHALMOS; EYE SURGERY; EYELASH; EYELID CLOSURE; HUMAN; KERATOPATHY; LAGOPHTHALMOS; MINOR SURGERY; ROSACEA; SCLERA DISEASE; SLEEP; SLIT LAMP; TOOTH DISCOLORATION;

EID: 33344473481     PISSN: 15420124     EISSN: 15420124     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1542-0124(12)70263-X     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Lyons CJ, McNab AA. Symptomatic nocturnal lagophthalmos. Aust NZ J Ophthalmol 1990;18:393-96
2. Howitt DA, Goldstein JH. Physiologic lagophthalmos. Am J Ophthalmol. 1969;68:355
3. Mueller FO. Lagophthalmos during sleep. Br J Ophthalmol 1957;51:246-48
4. Fuchs A, Wu FC. Sleep with half open eyes (physiologic lagophthalmos). Am J Ophthalmol 1948;1:717-20
5. Sturrock JD. Nocturnal lagophthalmos in recurrent erosion. Br J Ophthalmol 1975;60:97-103
6. Lebas MP. La keratopathie par lagophthalmie physiologique des regions tropicales. Bull Soc Belge Ophthalmol 1956;114:633-41
7. Katz J, Kaufman HE. Corneal exposure during sleep (nocturnal lagophthalmos). Arch Ophthalmol 1977;95:449-53
8. Francis IC, Loughead JA. Bell's phenomenon. A study of 505 patients. Aust NZ J Ophthalmol 1984;12:15-21
9. Brown N, Bron A. Recurrent erosion of the cornea. Br J Ophthalmol 1976;60:84-96
10. Nichols KK, Nichols JJ, Mitchell GL. The lack of association between signs and symptoms in patients with dry eye disease. Cornea 2004;23:762-70
11. Kersten RC. Lagophthalmos and other mMalpositions of the lid, in Krachmer JH, Mannis MJ, Holland EJ (eds). Cornea. New York, Elsevier Mosby, 2005, pp 433-41
12. Mercieca F, Suresh P, Morton A, Tullo A. Ocular surface disease in intensive care unit patients. Eye. 1999;13:231-6
13. Ang RT, Dartt DA, Tsubota K. Dry eye after refractive surgery. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2001;2:318-22
14. Daniel E. Lagophthalmos in leprosy. Indian J Lepr 1998;70:39-47
15. Po SM, Custer PL, Smith ME. Bilateral lagophthalmos. An unusual presentation of metastatic breast carcinoma. Arch Ophthalmol 1996;114:1139-41
16. D'Hooghe PJ. Treatment of lagophthalmos due to facial nerve palsy. J Belge Med Phys Rehabil 1982;4:165-79
17. Neuhaus RW. Complications of blepharoplasty, in Focal Points. Clinical Modules for Ophthalmologists. San Francisco. American Academy of Ophthalmology 1990;8:3
18. Dogru M, Tsubota K. New insights into the diagnosis and treatment of dry eye. Ocular Surface 2004;2:59-75
19. Bron AJ, Tiffany JM. The contribution of meibomian disease to dry eye. Ocular Surface 2004; 2:149-64
20. Yip CC, Gonzalez-Candial M, Jain A, et al. Lagophthalmos in enophthalmic eyes. Br J Ophthalmol 2005;89:676-8
21. Custer PL. Lagophthalmos: an unusual manifestation of oculomotor nerve aberrant regeneration. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2000;16:50-1
22. Bell C. On the motions of the eye, in illustration of the uses of the muscles and nerves of the orbit. Philosophical Trans R Soc Lond 1823;111:166-86
23. Raehlman, Witkowski. Arch Anat Physiol 1877;455
24. Hall AJ. Some observations on the act of opening and closing the eyes. Br J Ophthalmol 1936;20:257-95
25. Korb DR, Korb JM. Corneal staining prior to contact lens wearing. J Am Optom Assoc 1970;41:228-32
26. Doane MG. Blinking and the mechanics of the lacrimal drainage system. Ophthalmology 1981;88:844-51
27. McNab AA. The eye and sleep. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2005;33:117-25
28. McKinney P, Zukowski ML. The value of tear film breakup and Schirmer's tests in preoperative blepharoplasty evaluation. Plast Reconstr Surg 1980;84:572-6
29. Shepler TR, Seiff SR. Use of isobutyl cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive to stabilize external eyelid weights in temporary treatment of facial palsies. Plast Reconstr Surg 2001;17:169-73
30. Seiff SR, Boerner M, Carter SR. Treatment of facial palsies with external eyelid weights. Am J Ophthalmol 1995;120:652-57
31. Gusek-Schneider GC, Erbguth F. Protective ptosis by botulinum A toxin injection in corneal affectations. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 1998;213:15-22
32. Lew H, Yun YS, Lee SY, et al. Effect of botulinum toxin A on facial wrinkle lines in Koreans. Ophthalmologica 2002;216:50-4
33. Northington ME, Huang CC. Dry eyes and superficial punctate keratitis: a complication of treatment of glabelar dynamic rhytides with botulinum. exotoxin A. Dermatol Surg 2004;30:1515-7
34. Townsend DJ. Eyelid re-animation for the treatment of paralytic lagophthalmos. historical perspectives in current applications of the gold weight implant. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 1992;8:196-201
35. Harrisberg BP, Singh RP, Croxson GR, et al. Long-term outcome of gold weights in patients with facial nerve palsy. Otol Neurotol 2001;22:397-400
36. Mohr A. Pretarsal platinum-iridium implants for therapy of lagophthalmos in facial paralysis. Preliminary results. Ophthalmologe 1997;94:600-2
37. Schrom T, Habermann A, Wernecke K, et al. Lidloading and intraocular pressure. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 2005;222:46-9
38. Macsai MS, Mannis M, Huntley AC. Acne rosacea, in Mannis M, Macsai MS, Huntley AC (eds): Eye and skin disease. Philadelphia, Lippincott-Raven, 1996, pp 335-41
39. Ronge L. Breaking the blepharitis cycle. EyeNet 2004;8.25-6
40. Alvarenga LS, Mannis MJ. Ocular rosacea. Ocular Surface 2005;3:41-58
41. Craig JP, Blades K, Patel S. Tear lipid layer structure and stability following expression of the meibomian glands. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 1995;15:569-74
42. Nagymihalyi A, Dikstein S, Tiffany JM. The influence of eyelid temperature on the delivery of meibomian oil. Exp Med Biol 2004;78:367-70
43. Goto E, Endo K, Suzuki A, et al. Improvement of tear stability following warm compression in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction. Adv Exp Med Biol 2002;506:1149-52
44. Goto E, Monden Y, Takano Y, et al. Treatment of non-inflamed obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction by an infrared warm compression device. Br J Ophthalmol 2002;86:1403-7
45. Mori A, Oguchi Y, Goto E, et al. Efficacy and safety of infrared warming of the eyelids. Cornea 1999;18:188-93
46. Mori A, Shimazaki J, Shimmura S, et al. Disposable eyelidwarming device for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2003;47:578-86
47. Sadowski T, Steinmeyer J. Effects of tetracyclines on the production of matrix metalloproteinases and plasminogen activators as well as of their natural inhibitors, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Inflamm Res 2001;50:175-82
48. Dougherty JM, McCulley JP, Silvany RE, Meyer DR. The role of tetracycline in chronic blepharitis. Inhibition of lipase production in staphylococci. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1991;32:2970-5
49. Shine WE, McCulley JP. Meibomian gland triglyceride fatty acid differences in chronic blepharitis patients. Cornea 1996;15:340-6
50. Ta CN, Shine WE, McCulley JP, et al. Effects of minocycline on the ocular flora of patients with acne rosacea or seborrheic blepharitis. Cornea 2003;22:545-8
51. Stone DU, Chodosh J. Oral tetracyclines for ocular rosacea: an evidence-based review of the literature. Cornea 2004;23:106-9
52. Zoukhri D, Kublen CL. Impaired neurotransmitter release from lacrimal and salivary gland nerves of a murine model of Sjogren's syndrome. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001;42:925-32
53. Zoukhri D, Hodges RR, Byon D, Kublin CL. Role of proinflammatory cytokines in the impaired lacrimation associated with autoimmune xerophthalmia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002;43:1429-36
54. Zhu Z, Stevenson D, Schechter JE, et al. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitor gene expression suppresses lacrimal gland immunopathology in a rabbit model of autoimmune dacryoadenitis. Cornea 2003;22:343-51
55. Trivedi KA, Dana MR, Gilbard JP, et al. Dietary omega-3 fatty acid intake and risk of clinically diagnosed dry eye syndrome in women (abstract.) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2003;44:Abstact #811/B786
56. Ceramak JM, Papas AS, Sullivan RM, et al. Nutrient intake in women with primary and secondary Sjogren's syndrome. Eur J Clin Nutr 2003;57:328-34
57. Tsubota K, Nakamori K. Dry eyes and video display terminals. N Engl J Med 1993;328:584
58. Holroyd J, Maguen E. And so to sleep. hypnotherapy for lagophthalmos. Am J Clin Hypn 1989;31:264-8
59. Christensen MT, Cohen S, Rinehart J, et al. Clinical evaluation of an HP-guar gellable lubricant eye drop for the relief of dryness of the eye. Curr Eye Res 2004 28:55-62
60. Sall K, Stevenson OD, Mundorf TK, Reis BL. Two multicenter, randomized studies of the efficacy and safety of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion in moderate to severe dry eye disease. CSA Phase 3 Study Group. Ophthalmology 2000;107:631-9
61. Stevenson D, Tauber J, Reis BL. Efficacy and safety of cyclosporine A ophthalmic emulsion in the treatment of moderate to severe dry eye disease. a dose-ranging randomized trial. The cyclosporine A phase 2 study group. Ophthalmology 2000;107:967-74
62. Tauber J, Davitt WF, Bokovsky JE. Double-masked, placebocontrolled safety and efficacy trial of diquafasol tetrasodium (INS365) ophthalmic solution for the treatment of dry eye. Cornea 2004;23:784-96
63. Elkayam O, Yaron M, Caspi D. Minocycline-induced autoimmune syndromes: an overview. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1999;28:392-7
64. Morrow GL, Abbott RL. Minocycline-induced scleral, dental, and dermal pigmentation. Am J Ophthalmol 1998;125:396-7
65. Fraunfelder FT, Randall JA. Minocycline-induced scleral pigmentation. Ophthalmology 1997; 104:936-8
66. Bradfield YS, Robertson DM, Salomao DR, et al. Minocylcine-induced ocular pigmentation. Arch Ophthalmol 2003;121:144-5
67. Duteil I, Queille-Roussel C, Rougier A, et al. High protective effect of a broad-spectrum sunscreen against tetracycline phototoxicity. Eur J Dermatol 2002;12:X-XI
68. Guidera AC, Luchs JI, Udell IJ. Keratitis, ulceration, and perforation associated with topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Ophthalmology 2001;108.936-44
69. Baxter SA, Laibson PR. Punctal plugs in the management of dry eyes. Ocular Surface 2004;2:255-65
70. Yen MT, Pflugfelder SC, Feuer WJ. The effect of punctal occlusion on tear production, tear clearance, and ocular surface sensation in normal subjects. Am J Ophthalmol 2001;131:314-23
71. Tsubota K. SS dry eye and non-SS dry eye. what are the differences?, in Homma M, Sugai S, Tojo T et al (eds). Sjogren's syndrome. State of the art. New York Kugler Publications, 1994, pp 27-31