메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 5, 2006, Pages 327-337

Management of less common tumors of the colon, rectum, and anus

Author keywords

Anorectal melanoma; Carcinoid; Colorectal lymphoma; Diffuse cavernous hemangioma; Sarcoma; Squamous cell carcinoma

Indexed keywords

ALPHA INTERFERON; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CISPLATIN; DACARBAZINE; FLUOROURACIL; INTERLEUKIN 2; VINBLASTINE;

EID: 33244485891     PISSN: 15330028     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3816/CCC.2006.n.002     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (29)

References (164)
  • 1
    • 12344278901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and therapeutic considerations of rectal lymphoma: A case report and literature review
    • Bilsel Y, Balik E, Yamaner S, et al. Clinical and therapeutic considerations of rectal lymphoma: a case report and literature review. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11:460-461.
    • (2005) World J Gastroenterol , vol.11 , pp. 460-461
    • Bilsel, Y.1    Balik, E.2    Yamaner, S.3
  • 2
    • 0018904003 scopus 로고
    • Gastrointestinal involvement in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
    • Herrmann R, Panahon AM, Barcos MP, et al. Gastrointestinal involvement in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Cancer 1980; 46:215-222.
    • (1980) Cancer , vol.46 , pp. 215-222
    • Herrmann, R.1    Panahon, A.M.2    Barcos, M.P.3
  • 3
    • 0019965187 scopus 로고
    • Presentation of malignant lymphoma in the rectum
    • Vanden Heule B, Taylor CR, Terry R, et al. Presentation of malignant lymphoma in the rectum. Cancer 1982; 49:2602-2607.
    • (1982) Cancer , vol.49 , pp. 2602-2607
    • Vanden Heule, B.1    Taylor, C.R.2    Terry, R.3
  • 4
    • 0018098774 scopus 로고
    • Lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract: A study of 117 cases presenting with gastrointestinal disease
    • Lewin KJ, Ranchod M, Dorfman RF. Lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract: a study of 117 cases presenting with gastrointestinal disease. Cancer 1978; 42:693-707.
    • (1978) Cancer , vol.42 , pp. 693-707
    • Lewin, K.J.1    Ranchod, M.2    Dorfman, R.F.3
  • 6
    • 0019956287 scopus 로고
    • A case of Hodgkin's disease complicating Crohn's disease
    • Morrison PD, Whittaker M. A case of Hodgkin's disease complicating Crohn's disease. Clin Oncol 1982; 8:271-272.
    • (1982) Clin Oncol , vol.8 , pp. 271-272
    • Morrison, P.D.1    Whittaker, M.2
  • 7
    • 0030064917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary rectal Hodgkin's lymphoma: Initial manifestation of HIV
    • Ranganathan V. Primary rectal Hodgkin's lymphoma: initial manifestation of HIV. Am J Gastroenterol 1996; 91:180-181.
    • (1996) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.91 , pp. 180-181
    • Ranganathan, V.1
  • 8
    • 13444275312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uncommon presentations of Hodgkin's disease. Case 3. Hodgkin's disease: Rectal presentation
    • Simpson L, Taylor S, Piotrowski A. Uncommon presentations of Hodgkin's disease. Case 3. Hodgkin's disease: rectal presentation. J Clin Oncol 2004 22:196-198.
    • (2004) J Clin Oncol , vol.22 , pp. 196-198
    • Simpson, L.1    Taylor, S.2    Piotrowski, A.3
  • 9
    • 0030964723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EBV-associated anorectal lymphomas in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome
    • Ioachim HL, Antonescu C, Giancotti F, et al. EBV-associated anorectal lymphomas in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Am J Surg Pathol 1997; 21:997-1006.
    • (1997) Am J Surg Pathol , vol.21 , pp. 997-1006
    • Ioachim, H.L.1    Antonescu, C.2    Giancotti, F.3
  • 10
    • 0035183544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EBV-associated perianal Hodgkin's disease in an HIV-positive individual
    • Sapp M, Perez-Ordonez B, Brenneman F, et al. EBV-associated perianal Hodgkin's disease in an HIV-positive individual. Am J Hematol 2001; 66:42-45.
    • (2001) Am J Hematol , vol.66 , pp. 42-45
    • Sapp, M.1    Perez-Ordonez, B.2    Brenneman, F.3
  • 11
    • 0032799659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perianal lymphoma in a heterosexual and nonimmunocompromised patient: Report of a case and review of the literature
    • Smith DL II, Cataldo PA. Perianal lymphoma in a heterosexual and nonimmunocompromised patient: report of a case and review of the literature. Dis Colon Rectum 1999; 42:952-954.
    • (1999) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.42 , pp. 952-954
    • Smith II, D.L.1    Cataldo, P.A.2
  • 12
    • 84961033233 scopus 로고
    • Primary malignant lymphoid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Report of 37 cases with a study of factors influencing prognosis
    • Dawson IM, Cornes JS, Morson BC. Primary malignant lymphoid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Report of 37 cases with a study of factors influencing prognosis. Br J Surg 1961; 49:80-89.
    • (1961) Br J Surg , vol.49 , pp. 80-89
    • Dawson, I.M.1    Cornes, J.S.2    Morson, B.C.3
  • 13
  • 15
    • 0038207015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anorectal Lymphoma without effusion associated with human herpesvirus-8 and type I Epstein-Barr virus in an HIV-infected patient
    • Navarro JT, Ribera JM, Junca J, et al. Anorectal Lymphoma without effusion associated with human herpesvirus-8 and type I Epstein-Barr virus in an HIV-infected patient. Hum Pathol 2003; 34:630.
    • (2003) Hum Pathol , vol.34 , pp. 630
    • Navarro, J.T.1    Ribera, J.M.2    Junca, J.3
  • 16
    • 0021940007 scopus 로고
    • Primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. A retrospective clinicopathologic study of 150 cases
    • Dragosics B, Bauer P, Radaszkiewicz T. Primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. A retrospective clinicopathologic study of 150 cases. Cancer 1985; 55:1060-1073.
    • (1985) Cancer , vol.55 , pp. 1060-1073
    • Dragosics, B.1    Bauer, P.2    Radaszkiewicz, T.3
  • 17
    • 0023914156 scopus 로고
    • Primary lymphoma of the large intestine
    • Henry CA, Berry RE. Primary lymphoma of the large intestine. Am Surg 1988; 54:262-266.
    • (1988) Am Surg , vol.54 , pp. 262-266
    • Henry, C.A.1    Berry, R.E.2
  • 19
    • 0024844288 scopus 로고
    • Primary rectal lymphoma and malignant lymphomatous polyposis. Two cases illustrating current methods in diagnosis and management
    • Ohri SK, Keane PF, Sackier JM, et al. Primary rectal lymphoma and malignant lymphomatous polyposis. Two cases illustrating current methods in diagnosis and management. Dis Colon Rectum 1989; 32:1071-1074.
    • (1989) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.32 , pp. 1071-1074
    • Ohri, S.K.1    Keane, P.F.2    Sackier, J.M.3
  • 21
    • 0026515676 scopus 로고
    • Rectal lymphoma after colectomy for ulcerative colitis
    • Teare JP, Greenfield SM, Slater S. Rectal lymphoma after colectomy for ulcerative colitis. Gut 1992; 33:138-139.
    • (1992) Gut , vol.33 , pp. 138-139
    • Teare, J.P.1    Greenfield, S.M.2    Slater, S.3
  • 22
    • 0035407287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ulcerative colitis and colonic lymphoma: A theoretical link
    • Khan S, Anderson GK, Eppstein AC, et al. Ulcerative colitis and colonic lymphoma: a theoretical link. Am Surg 2001; 67:654-656.
    • (2001) Am Surg , vol.67 , pp. 654-656
    • Khan, S.1    Anderson, G.K.2    Eppstein, A.C.3
  • 23
    • 0030861645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perforated rectal lymphoma in a renal transplant recipient: Report of a case
    • Fan CW, Chen JS, Wang JY, et al. Perforated rectal lymphoma in a renal transplant recipient: report of a case. Dis Colon Rectum 1997; 40:1258-1260.
    • (1997) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.40 , pp. 1258-1260
    • Fan, C.W.1    Chen, J.S.2    Wang, J.Y.3
  • 24
    • 0022179393 scopus 로고
    • Rectal lymphoma in radiation injured bowel
    • Sibly TF, Keane RM, Lever JV, et al. Rectal lymphoma in radiation injured bowel. Br J Surg 1985; 72:879-880.
    • (1985) Br J Surg , vol.72 , pp. 879-880
    • Sibly, T.F.1    Keane, R.M.2    Lever, J.V.3
  • 26
    • 0030901160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic alterations in leukemias and lymphomas: Impressive progress and continuing complexity
    • Nowell PC. Genetic alterations in leukemias and lymphomas: impressive progress and continuing complexity. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1997; 94:13-19.
    • (1997) Cancer Genet Cytogenet , vol.94 , pp. 13-19
    • Nowell, P.C.1
  • 27
    • 0014514890 scopus 로고
    • Primary lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract
    • Bush RS, Ash CL. Primary lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract. Radiology 1969; 92:1349-1354.
    • (1969) Radiology , vol.92 , pp. 1349-1354
    • Bush, R.S.1    Ash, C.L.2
  • 28
    • 0020081538 scopus 로고
    • The role of surgery in the management of gastric lymphoma
    • Fleming ID, Mitchell S, Dilawari RA. The role of surgery in the management of gastric lymphoma. Cancer 1982; 49:1135-1141.
    • (1982) Cancer , vol.49 , pp. 1135-1141
    • Fleming, I.D.1    Mitchell, S.2    Dilawari, R.A.3
  • 29
    • 0028223468 scopus 로고
    • Primary colonic lymphoma. Clinical presentation, histopathologic features, and outcome with combination chemotherapy
    • Zighelboim J, Larson MV. Primary colonic lymphoma. Clinical presentation, histopathologic features, and outcome with combination chemotherapy. J Clin Gastroenterol 1994; 18:291-297.
    • (1994) J Clin Gastroenterol , vol.18 , pp. 291-297
    • Zighelboim, J.1    Larson, M.V.2
  • 31
    • 0015252266 scopus 로고
    • Occurrence and prognosis of extranodal lymphomas
    • Freeman C, Berg JW, Cutler SJ. Occurrence and prognosis of extranodal lymphomas. Cancer 1972; 29:252-260.
    • (1972) Cancer , vol.29 , pp. 252-260
    • Freeman, C.1    Berg, J.W.2    Cutler, S.J.3
  • 32
    • 0023854514 scopus 로고
    • Primary malignant melanoma of the rectum. Evidence for origination from rectal mucosal melanocytes
    • Werdin C, Limas C, Knodell RG. Primary malignant melanoma of the rectum. Evidence for origination from rectal mucosal melanocytes. Cancer 1988; 61:1364-1370.
    • (1988) Cancer , vol.61 , pp. 1364-1370
    • Werdin, C.1    Limas, C.2    Knodell, R.G.3
  • 33
  • 34
    • 50449158920 scopus 로고
    • Recurrent melanosis of the rectum, after previous removal from the verge of the anus, in a man aged sixty-five
    • Moore WD. Recurrent melanosis of the rectum, after previous removal from the verge of the anus, in a man aged sixty-five. Lancet 1857; i:290.
    • (1857) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 290
    • Moore, W.D.1
  • 35
    • 0025119384 scopus 로고
    • Anorectal malignant melanoma in Sweden. Report of 49 patients
    • Goldman S, Glimelius B, Pahlman L. Anorectal malignant melanoma in Sweden. Report of 49 patients. Dis Colon Rectum 1990; 33:874-877.
    • (1990) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.33 , pp. 874-877
    • Goldman, S.1    Glimelius, B.2    Pahlman, L.3
  • 37
    • 0026713844 scopus 로고
    • Anal cancers. Squamous and melanoma
    • Quan SH. Anal cancers. Squamous and melanoma. Cancer 1992; 70:1384-1389.
    • (1992) Cancer , vol.70 , pp. 1384-1389
    • Quan, S.H.1
  • 38
    • 0029002668 scopus 로고
    • Rare anal cancers in the U.S. veteran: Patterns of disease and results of treatment
    • Longo WE, Vernava AM III, Wade TP, et al. Rare anal cancers in the U.S. veteran: patterns of disease and results of treatment. Am Surg 1995; 61:495-500.
    • (1995) Am Surg , vol.61 , pp. 495-500
    • Longo, W.E.1    Vernava III, A.M.2    Wade, T.P.3
  • 39
    • 0032531854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The National Cancer Data Base report on cutaneous and noncutaneous melanoma: A summary of 84, 836 cases from the past decade
    • The American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer and the American Cancer Society
    • Chang AE, Karnell LH, Menck HR. The National Cancer Data Base report on cutaneous and noncutaneous melanoma: a summary of 84, 836 cases from the past decade. The American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer and the American Cancer Society. Cancer 1998; 83:1664-1678.
    • (1998) Cancer , vol.83 , pp. 1664-1678
    • Chang, A.E.1    Karnell, L.H.2    Menck, H.R.3
  • 40
    • 0025058539 scopus 로고
    • Anorectal melanoma: Clinical characteristics and results of surgical management in twenty-four patients
    • Slingluff CL Jr, Vollmer RT, Seigler HF. Anorectal melanoma: clinical characteristics and results of surgical management in twenty-four patients. Surgery 1990; 107:1-9.
    • (1990) Surgery , vol.107 , pp. 1-9
    • Slingluff Jr., C.L.1    Vollmer, R.T.2    Seigler, H.F.3
  • 41
    • 0019985773 scopus 로고
    • Malignant melanoma of the anus: Report of 12 patients and analysis of 255 additional cases
    • Coper PH, Mills SE, Allen MS Jr. Malignant melanoma of the anus: report of 12 patients and analysis of 255 additional cases. Dis Colon Rectum 1982; 25:693-703.
    • (1982) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.25 , pp. 693-703
    • Coper, P.H.1    Mills, S.E.2    Allen Jr., M.S.3
  • 42
  • 43
    • 0031028243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anorectal malignant melanoma: A clinicopathologic study, including immunohistochemistry and DNA flow cytometry
    • Ben-Izhak O, Levy R, Weill S, et al. Anorectal malignant melanoma: a clinicopathologic study, including immunohistochemistry and DNA flow cytometry. Cancer 1997; 79:18-25.
    • (1997) Cancer , vol.79 , pp. 18-25
    • Ben-Izhak, O.1    Levy, R.2    Weill, S.3
  • 44
    • 0022590233 scopus 로고
    • The surgical management of anorectal malignant melanoma
    • Ward MW, Romano G, Nicholls RJ. The surgical management of anorectal malignant melanoma. Br J Surg 1986; 73:68-69.
    • (1986) Br J Surg , vol.73 , pp. 68-69
    • Ward, M.W.1    Romano, G.2    Nicholls, R.J.3
  • 45
    • 0025136799 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of failure in anorectal melanoma. A guide to surgical therapy
    • Ross M, Pezzi C, Pezzi T, et al. Patterns of failure in anorectal melanoma. A guide to surgical therapy. Arch Surg 1990; 125:313-316.
    • (1990) Arch Surg , vol.125 , pp. 313-316
    • Ross, M.1    Pezzi, C.2    Pezzi, T.3
  • 46
    • 0028942087 scopus 로고
    • Anorectal melanoma. A 64-year experience at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
    • Brady MS, Kavolius JP, Quan SH. Anorectal melanoma. A 64-year experience at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. Dis Colon Rectum 1995; 38:146-151.
    • (1995) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.38 , pp. 146-151
    • Brady, M.S.1    Kavolius, J.P.2    Quan, S.H.3
  • 47
    • 0347419312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anorectal melanoma: Surgical management guidelines according to tumor thickness
    • Weyandt GH, Eggert AO, Houf M, et al. Anorectal melanoma: surgical management guidelines according to tumor thickness. Br J Cancer 2003; 89:2019-2022.
    • (2003) Br J Cancer , vol.89 , pp. 2019-2022
    • Weyandt, G.H.1    Eggert, A.O.2    Houf, M.3
  • 48
    • 0036896396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sphincter-sparing local excision and adjuvant radiation for anal-rectal melanoma
    • Ballo MT, Gershenwald JE, Zagars GK, et al. Sphincter-sparing local excision and adjuvant radiation for anal-rectal melanoma. J Clin Oncol 2002; 20:4555-4558.
    • (2002) J Clin Oncol , vol.20 , pp. 4555-4558
    • Ballo, M.T.1    Gershenwald, J.E.2    Zagars, G.K.3
  • 50
    • 0021352378 scopus 로고
    • Malignant melanoma of the anorectal the anorectal region: Two cases of prolonged survival
    • Freedman LS. Malignant melanoma of the anorectal the anorectal region: two cases of prolonged survival. Br J Surg 1984; 71:164-165.
    • (1984) Br J Surg , vol.71 , pp. 164-165
    • Freedman, L.S.1
  • 51
    • 12144291500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemotherapy in patients with metastatic anorectal mucosal melanoma
    • Kim K, Sanguino A, Hodges C, et al. Biochemotherapy in patients with metastatic anorectal mucosal melanoma. Cancer 2004; 100:1478-1483.
    • (2004) Cancer , vol.100 , pp. 1478-1483
    • Kim, K.1    Sanguino, A.2    Hodges, C.3
  • 52
    • 0018146403 scopus 로고
    • Leiomyosarcoma of the small and large bowel
    • Akwari OE, Dozios RR, Weiland LH, et al. Leiomyosarcoma of the small and large bowel. Cancer 1978; 42:1375-1384.
    • (1978) Cancer , vol.42 , pp. 1375-1384
    • Akwari, O.E.1    Dozios, R.R.2    Weiland, L.H.3
  • 53
    • 0015011584 scopus 로고
    • Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum
    • Somervell JL, Mayer PF. Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum. Br J Surg 1971; 58:144-146.
    • (1971) Br J Surg , vol.58 , pp. 144-146
    • Somervell, J.L.1    Mayer, P.F.2
  • 54
    • 0022527319 scopus 로고
    • Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum. Report of a case and review of the literature
    • Khalifa AA, Bong WL, Rao VK, et al. Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum. Report of a case and review of the literature. Dis Colon Rectum 1986; 29:427-432.
    • (1986) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.29 , pp. 427-432
    • Khalifa, A.A.1    Bong, W.L.2    Rao, V.K.3
  • 56
    • 0023939560 scopus 로고
    • Angiosarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract. A report of three cases
    • Taxy JB, Battifora H. Angiosarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract. A report of three cases. Cancer 1988; 62: 210-216.
    • (1988) Cancer , vol.62 , pp. 210-216
    • Taxy, J.B.1    Battifora, H.2
  • 57
    • 0025128389 scopus 로고
    • Primary colorectal sarcoma. A retrospective review and prognostic factor study of 50 consecutive patients
    • Meijer S, Peretz T, Gaynor JJ, et al. Primary colorectal sarcoma. A retrospective review and prognostic factor study of 50 consecutive patients. Arch Surg 1990; 125:1163-1168.
    • (1990) Arch Surg , vol.125 , pp. 1163-1168
    • Meijer, S.1    Peretz, T.2    Gaynor, J.J.3
  • 58
    • 0031800374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anorectal leiomyosarcomas
    • Wang TK, Chung MT. Anorectal leiomyosarcomas. J Gastroenterol 1998; 33:402-407.
    • (1998) J Gastroenterol , vol.33 , pp. 402-407
    • Wang, T.K.1    Chung, M.T.2
  • 59
    • 0020555156 scopus 로고
    • Leiomyosarcoma of the colon in an infant. A case report and review of the literature
    • Posen JA, Bar-Maor JA. Leiomyosarcoma of the colon in an infant. A case report and review of the literature. Cancer 1983; 52:1458-1461.
    • (1983) Cancer , vol.52 , pp. 1458-1461
    • Posen, J.A.1    Bar-Maor, J.A.2
  • 60
    • 0001021659 scopus 로고
    • Malignant myomata and related tumors of the uterus: Report of 72 cases occurring in a series of 4000 operations for uterine fibromyomata
    • Evans N. Malignant myomata and related tumors of the uterus: report of 72 cases occurring in a series of 4000 operations for uterine fibromyomata. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1920; 30:225-239.
    • (1920) Surg Gynecol Obstet , vol.30 , pp. 225-239
    • Evans, N.1
  • 61
    • 0016220992 scopus 로고
    • Smooth muscle tumors of the rectum in Japanese
    • Hishida Y, Ishida M. Smooth muscle tumors of the rectum in Japanese. Dis Colon Rectum 1974; 17:226-234.
    • (1974) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.17 , pp. 226-234
    • Hishida, Y.1    Ishida, M.2
  • 62
    • 0007134999 scopus 로고
    • Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum, developing from benign leiomyoma
    • Neuman Z. Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum, developing from benign leiomyoma. Ann Surg 1952; 135:426-430.
    • (1952) Ann Surg , vol.135 , pp. 426-430
    • Neuman, Z.1
  • 63
    • 0021136564 scopus 로고
    • Smooth muscle neoplasms of the rectum and anal canal
    • Walsh TH, Mann CV. Smooth muscle neoplasms of the rectum and anal canal. Br J Surg 1984; 71:597-599.
    • (1984) Br J Surg , vol.71 , pp. 597-599
    • Walsh, T.H.1    Mann, C.V.2
  • 64
    • 0027242395 scopus 로고
    • Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum and anal canal
    • Tjandra JJ, Antonick PM, Webb B, et al. Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum and anal canal. Aust NZ J Surg 1993; 63:703-709.
    • (1993) Aust NZ J Surg , vol.63 , pp. 703-709
    • Tjandra, J.J.1    Antonick, P.M.2    Webb, B.3
  • 65
    • 0014128205 scopus 로고
    • Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum: Report of a case
    • Diamante M, Bacon HE. Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum: report of a case. Dis Colon Rectum 1967; 10:347-351.
    • (1967) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.10 , pp. 347-351
    • Diamante, M.1    Bacon, H.E.2
  • 68
    • 0023819213 scopus 로고
    • Gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary neoplasms in AIDS
    • Friedman SL. Gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary neoplasms in AIDS. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1988; 17:465-486.
    • (1988) Gastroenterol Clin North Am , vol.17 , pp. 465-486
    • Friedman, S.L.1
  • 69
    • 0025604949 scopus 로고
    • Kaposi's sarcoma of the rectum in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
    • Lorenz HP, Wilson W, Leigh B, et al. Kaposi's sarcoma of the rectum in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Am J Surg 1990; 160:682-683.
    • (1990) Am J Surg , vol.160 , pp. 682-683
    • Lorenz, H.P.1    Wilson, W.2    Leigh, B.3
  • 70
    • 0030163461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Case report: Kaposi's sarcoma of the rectum - Treatment with radiation therapy
    • Kaufmann T, Nisce LZ, Coleman M. Case report: Kaposi's sarcoma of the rectum - treatment with radiation therapy. Br J Radiol 1996; 69:573-574.
    • (1996) Br J Radiol , vol.69 , pp. 573-574
    • Kaufmann, T.1    Nisce, L.Z.2    Coleman, M.3
  • 72
    • 0014750995 scopus 로고
    • Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum and sigmoid colon
    • Stening SG, Heptinstall DP. Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum and sigmoid colon. Br J Surg 1970; 57:186-189.
    • (1970) Br J Surg , vol.57 , pp. 186-189
    • Stening, S.G.1    Heptinstall, D.P.2
  • 73
    • 0024547204 scopus 로고
    • Diffuse cavernous rectal hemangioma-sphincter-saving approach to therapy. Report of a case
    • Cunningham JA, Garcia VF, Quispe G. Diffuse cavernous rectal hemangioma-sphincter-saving approach to therapy. Report of a case. Dis Colon Rectum 1989; 32:344-347.
    • (1989) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.32 , pp. 344-347
    • Cunningham, J.A.1    Garcia, V.F.2    Quispe, G.3
  • 74
    • 0023858181 scopus 로고
    • Colorectal hemangioma: Radiologic findings
    • Dachman AH, Ros PR, Shekitka KM, et al. Colorectal hemangioma: radiologic findings. Radiology 1988; 167:31-34.
    • (1988) Radiology , vol.167 , pp. 31-34
    • Dachman, A.H.1    Ros, P.R.2    Shekitka, K.M.3
  • 75
    • 0017228562 scopus 로고
    • Diffuse hemangioma of the colon in the Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome
    • Ghahremani GG, Kangarloo H, Volberg F, et al. Diffuse hemangioma of the colon in the Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. Radiology 1976; 118:673-678.
    • (1976) Radiology , vol.118 , pp. 673-678
    • Ghahremani, G.G.1    Kangarloo, H.2    Volberg, F.3
  • 76
    • 0025949937 scopus 로고
    • Life-threatening hematochezia from a rectosigmoid vascular malformation in Kippel-Trenauray syndrome: Long- term palliation using an argon laser
    • Azizkhan RG. Life-threatening hematochezia from a rectosigmoid vascular malformation in Kippel-Trenauray syndrome: long- term palliation using an argon laser. J Pediatr Surg 1991; 26:1125-1128.
    • (1991) J Pediatr Surg , vol.26 , pp. 1125-1128
    • Azizkhan, R.G.1
  • 79
    • 0009398347 scopus 로고
    • Haemangiomatous lesions of the colon
    • Hollinsworth G. Haemangiomatous lesions of the colon. Br J Radiol 1951; 24:220-222.
    • (1951) Br J Radiol , vol.24 , pp. 220-222
    • Hollinsworth, G.1
  • 80
    • 0027936010 scopus 로고
    • Coloanal sleeve anastomosis in the treatment of diffuse cavernous haemangioma of the rectum: Long-term results
    • Londono-Schimmer EE, Ritchie JK, Hawley PR. Coloanal sleeve anastomosis in the treatment of diffuse cavernous haemangioma of the rectum: long-term results. Br J Surg 1994; 81:1235-1237.
    • (1994) Br J Surg , vol.81 , pp. 1235-1237
    • Londono-Schimmer, E.E.1    Ritchie, J.K.2    Hawley, P.R.3
  • 81
    • 0031873065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MR imaging of diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectosigmoid colon
    • Djouhri H, Arrive L, Bouras T, et al MR imaging of diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectosigmoid colon. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1998; 171:413-417.
    • (1998) AJR Am J Roentgenol , vol.171 , pp. 413-417
    • Djouhri, H.1    Arrive, L.2    Bouras, T.3
  • 82
    • 0031753714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum and sigmoid colon
    • Demircan O, Sonmez H, Zeren S, et al. Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum and sigmoid colon. Dig Surg 1998; 15:713-715.
    • (1998) Dig Surg , vol.15 , pp. 713-715
    • Demircan, O.1    Sonmez, H.2    Zeren, S.3
  • 83
    • 0029165775 scopus 로고
    • A case of diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum with unusual clinical manifestations
    • Katsinelos P, Eugenidis N, Paroutoglou G, et al. A case of diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum with unusual clinical manifestations. Endoscopy 1995; 27:405.
    • (1995) Endoscopy , vol.27 , pp. 405
    • Katsinelos, P.1    Eugenidis, N.2    Paroutoglou, G.3
  • 84
    • 0017191446 scopus 로고
    • Colo-anal sleeve anastomosis in the treatment of diffuse cavernous hemangioma involving the rectum
    • Jeffery PJ, Hawley PR, Parks AG. Colo-anal sleeve anastomosis in the treatment of diffuse cavernous hemangioma involving the rectum. Br J Surg 1976; 63:678-682.
    • (1976) Br J Surg , vol.63 , pp. 678-682
    • Jeffery, P.J.1    Hawley, P.R.2    Parks, A.G.3
  • 85
    • 0032866199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffuse cavernous haemangioma of the rectum
    • Tanaka N, Onda M, Seya T, et al. Diffuse cavernous haemangioma of the rectum. Eur J Surg 1999; 165:280-283.
    • (1999) Eur J Surg , vol.165 , pp. 280-283
    • Tanaka, N.1    Onda, M.2    Seya, T.3
  • 86
    • 0028098059 scopus 로고
    • Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum and sigmoid
    • Bortz JH. Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum and sigmoid. Abdom Imaging 1994; 19:18-20.
    • (1994) Abdom Imaging , vol.19 , pp. 18-20
    • Bortz, J.H.1
  • 87
    • 0032148056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cavernous hemangiomas of the rectum: Report of three cases
    • Amarapurkar D, Jadliwala M, Punamiya S, et al. Cavernous hemangiomas of the rectum: report of three cases. Am J Gastroenterol 1998; 93:1357-1359.
    • (1998) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.93 , pp. 1357-1359
    • Amarapurkar, D.1    Jadliwala, M.2    Punamiya, S.3
  • 88
    • 0031822024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum complicated by invasion of pelvic structures. Report of two cases
    • Tan TC, Wang JY, Cheung YC, et al. Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum complicated by invasion of pelvic structures. Report of two cases. Dis Colon Rectum 1998; 41:1062-1066.
    • (1998) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.41 , pp. 1062-1066
    • Tan, T.C.1    Wang, J.Y.2    Cheung, Y.C.3
  • 89
    • 0023730249 scopus 로고
    • Diffuse caverous hemangioma of the rectosigmoid- CT Scan, a new diagnostic modality, and surgical management using sphincter-saving procedures. Report of three cases
    • Aylward CA, Orangio GR, Lucas GW, et al. Diffuse caverous hemangioma of the rectosigmoid- CT Scan, a new diagnostic modality, and surgical management using sphincter-saving procedures. Report of three cases. Dis Colon Rectum 1988; 31:797-802.
    • (1988) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.31 , pp. 797-802
    • Aylward, C.A.1    Orangio, G.R.2    Lucas, G.W.3
  • 90
    • 0025180812 scopus 로고
    • Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum: Evaluation and MRI
    • Lupetin AR. Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum: evaluation and MRI. Gastrointest Radiol 1990; 15:343-345.
    • (1990) Gastrointest Radiol , vol.15 , pp. 343-345
    • Lupetin, A.R.1
  • 91
    • 0020462922 scopus 로고
    • Cavernous hemangioma of the colon and rectum: A case report
    • Grasso G, Greco P, Tricoli D, et al. Cavernous hemangioma of the colon and rectum: a case report. Tumori 1982; 68:173-176.
    • (1982) Tumori , vol.68 , pp. 173-176
    • Grasso, G.1    Greco, P.2    Tricoli, D.3
  • 92
    • 0038556962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum: Report of a case
    • Yorozuya K, Watanabe M, Hasegawa H, et al. Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum: report of a case. Surg Today 2003; 33:309-311.
    • (2003) Surg Today , vol.33 , pp. 309-311
    • Yorozuya, K.1    Watanabe, M.2    Hasegawa, H.3
  • 93
  • 94
    • 0022348309 scopus 로고
    • Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum. Report of a case and review of the literature
    • Lafreniere R, Ketcham AS. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum. Report of a case and review of the literature. Dis Colon Rectum 1985; 28:967-972.
    • (1985) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.28 , pp. 967-972
    • Lafreniere, R.1    Ketcham, A.S.2
  • 95
    • 0015156301 scopus 로고
    • Primary squamous carcinoma and adenocanthoma of the colon
    • Comer TP, Beahrs OH, Dockerty MB. Primary squamous carcinoma and adenocanthoma of the colon. Cancer 1971; 28:1111-1117.
    • (1971) Cancer , vol.28 , pp. 1111-1117
    • Comer, T.P.1    Beahrs, O.H.2    Dockerty, M.B.3
  • 96
    • 0023942230 scopus 로고
    • Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the colon arising in a villous adenoma
    • Lundquest DE, Marcus JN, Thorson AG, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the colon arising in a villous adenoma. Hum Pathol 1988; 19:362-364.
    • (1988) Hum Pathol , vol.19 , pp. 362-364
    • Lundquest, D.E.1    Marcus, J.N.2    Thorson, A.G.3
  • 97
    • 0018583863 scopus 로고
    • Squamous carcinoma of the colorectum and its genesis
    • Williams GT, Blackshaw AJ, Morson BC. Squamous carcinoma of the colorectum and its genesis. J Pathol 1979; 129:139-147.
    • (1979) J Pathol , vol.129 , pp. 139-147
    • Williams, G.T.1    Blackshaw, A.J.2    Morson, B.C.3
  • 98
    • 0014313027 scopus 로고
    • The fine structure of human gut mucosa: The epithelial lining of the base of the crypt
    • Lorenzson V, Trien JS. The fine structure of human gut mucosa: the epithelial lining of the base of the crypt. Gasteroenterology 1968; 55:88-101.
    • (1968) Gasteroenterology , vol.55 , pp. 88-101
    • Lorenzson, V.1    Trien, J.S.2
  • 99
    • 0011479105 scopus 로고
    • Squamous cell carcinoma of the ascending colon
    • Hicks JD, Cowling DC. Squamous cell carcinoma of the ascending colon. J Pathol Bacteriol 1955; 70:205-212.
    • (1955) J Pathol Bacteriol , vol.70 , pp. 205-212
    • Hicks, J.D.1    Cowling, D.C.2
  • 100
    • 0014107615 scopus 로고
    • Squamous metaplasia and squamous cell carcinoma of the rectosigmoid
    • Cabrera A, Pickren JW. Squamous metaplasia and squamous cell carcinoma of the rectosigmoid. Dis Colon Rectum 1967; 10:288-297.
    • (1967) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.10 , pp. 288-297
    • Cabrera, A.1    Pickren, J.W.2
  • 101
    • 0000195289 scopus 로고
    • Squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum complicating ulcertative colitis
    • Hohm WH, Jackman RJ. Squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum complicating ulcertative colitis. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 1964; 39:249-251.
    • (1964) Mayo Clinic Proceedings , vol.39 , pp. 249-251
    • Hohm, W.H.1    Jackman, R.J.2
  • 102
    • 0037213827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rectal squamous cell carcinoma 11 years after brachytherapy for carcinoma of the prostate
    • Yurdakul G, de Reijke TM, Blank LE, et al. Rectal squamous cell carcinoma 11 years after brachytherapy for carcinoma of the prostate. J Urol 2003; 169:280.
    • (2003) J Urol , vol.169 , pp. 280
    • Yurdakul, G.1    de Reijke, T.M.2    Blank, L.E.3
  • 103
    • 0023030966 scopus 로고
    • Squamous cell carcinoma of the colon and rectum
    • Berardi RS, Chen HP, Lee SS. Squamous cell carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1986; 163:493-496.
    • (1986) Surg Gynecol Obstet , vol.163 , pp. 493-496
    • Berardi, R.S.1    Chen, H.P.2    Lee, S.S.3
  • 104
    • 0036850291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary squamous-cell carcinoma of the rectum: Report of six cases and review of the literature
    • Gelas T, Peyrat P, Francois Y, et al. Primary squamous-cell carcinoma of the rectum: report of six cases and review of the literature. Dis Colon Rectum 2002; 45:1535-1540.
    • (2002) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.45 , pp. 1535-1540
    • Gelas, T.1    Peyrat, P.2    Francois, Y.3
  • 105
    • 0032947497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Squamous-cell carcinoma of the colon responsive to combination chemotherapy: Report of two cases and review of the literature
    • Juturi JV, Francis B, Koontz PW, et al. Squamous-cell carcinoma of the colon responsive to combination chemotherapy: report of two cases and review of the literature. Dis Colon Rectum 1999; 42:102-109.
    • (1999) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.42 , pp. 102-109
    • Juturi, J.V.1    Francis, B.2    Koontz, P.W.3
  • 106
    • 0002768276 scopus 로고
    • Squamous carcinoma with schistosomiasis of the colon
    • Weiner MF, Polayes SH, Yidi R. Squamous carcinoma with schistosomiasis of the colon. Am J Gastroenterol 1962; 37:48-54.
    • (1962) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.37 , pp. 48-54
    • Weiner, M.F.1    Polayes, S.H.2    Yidi, R.3
  • 107
    • 0000006037 scopus 로고
    • Neoplastic changes in a duplicated colon
    • Larizadeh R, Powell DE. Neoplastic changes in a duplicated colon. Br J Surg 1965; 52:666-668.
    • (1965) Br J Surg , vol.52 , pp. 666-668
    • Larizadeh, R.1    Powell, D.E.2
  • 108
    • 0019378669 scopus 로고
    • Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a duplication of the colon: Case report and literature review of squamous cell carcinoma of the colon and of malignancy complicating colonic duplication
    • Hickey WF, Corson JJM. Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a duplication of the colon: case report and literature review of squamous cell carcinoma of the colon and of malignancy complicating colonic duplication. Cancer 1981; 47:602-609.
    • (1981) Cancer , vol.47 , pp. 602-609
    • Hickey, W.F.1    Corson, J.J.M.2
  • 109
    • 0001073664 scopus 로고
    • Squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum: Report of a case complicating chronic ulcerative colitis
    • Zirkin RM, McCord DL. Squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum: report of a case complicating chronic ulcerative colitis. Dis Colon Rectum 1963; 127:370-373.
    • (1963) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.127 , pp. 370-373
    • Zirkin, R.M.1    McCord, D.L.2
  • 110
    • 0014109439 scopus 로고
    • Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the rectosigmoid portion of the colon
    • Minkowitz S. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the rectosigmoid portion of the colon. Arch Pathol 1967; 84:77-80.
    • (1967) Arch Pathol , vol.84 , pp. 77-80
    • Minkowitz, S.1
  • 111
    • 0022485473 scopus 로고
    • Squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum: A multimodality approach
    • Lafreniere R, Ketcham AS. Squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum: a multimodality approach. J Sur Oncol 1986; 32:106-109.
    • (1986) J Sur Oncol , vol.32 , pp. 106-109
    • Lafreniere, R.1    Ketcham, A.S.2
  • 112
    • 0035102558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adenosquamous and squamous carcinoma of the colon and upper rectum: A clinical and histopathologic study
    • Frizelle FA, Hobday KS, Batts KP, et al. Adenosquamous and squamous carcinoma of the colon and upper rectum: a clinical and histopathologic study. Dis Colon Rectum 2001; 44:341-346.
    • (2001) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.44 , pp. 341-346
    • Frizelle, F.A.1    Hobday, K.S.2    Batts, K.P.3
  • 114
    • 34447581574 scopus 로고
    • Über den primaren Krebs des ileum, nebst bemerhunge über das gleichzeitge vorkommen von Krebs und tuberculose
    • Lubarsch O. Über den primaren Krebs des ileum, nebst bemerhunge über das gleichzeitge vorkommen von Krebs und tuberculose. Virchows Arch 1888; 111:280-317.
    • (1888) Virchows Arch , vol.111 , pp. 280-317
    • Lubarsch, O.1
  • 115
    • 0000260146 scopus 로고
    • Karzinoide: Tumoren des dunndarms
    • Oberndorfer S. Karzinoide: tumoren des dunndarms. Frank Z Path 1907; 1:426-429.
    • (1907) Frank Z Path , vol.1 , pp. 426-429
    • Oberndorfer, S.1
  • 116
    • 50549199830 scopus 로고
    • The classification of carcinoid tumors
    • Williams ED, Sandler M. The classification of carcinoid tumors. Lancet 1963; 1:238-239.
    • (1963) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 238-239
    • Williams, E.D.1    Sandler, M.2
  • 117
    • 1842339356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of 8305 cases of carcinoid tumors
    • Modlin IM, Sandor A. An analysis of 8305 cases of carcinoid tumors. Cancer 1997; 79:813-829.
    • (1997) Cancer , vol.79 , pp. 813-829
    • Modlin, I.M.1    Sandor, A.2
  • 118
    • 0037441624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 5-decade analysis of 13,715 carcinoid tumors
    • Modlin IM, Lye KD, Kidd M. A 5-decade analysis of 13,715 carcinoid tumors. Cancer 2003; 97:934-959.
    • (2003) Cancer , vol.97 , pp. 934-959
    • Modlin, I.M.1    Lye, K.D.2    Kidd, M.3
  • 119
    • 18844422974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current status of gastrointestinal carcinoids
    • Modlin IM, Kidd M, Latich I, et al. Current status of gastrointestinal carcinoids. Gastroenterology 2005; 128:1717-1751.
    • (2005) Gastroenterology , vol.128 , pp. 1717-1751
    • Modlin, I.M.1    Kidd, M.2    Latich, I.3
  • 120
    • 0034523323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors and second primary malignancies
    • Habal N, Sims C, Bilchik AJ. Gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors and second primary malignancies. J Surg Oncol 2000; 75:310-316.
    • (2000) J Surg Oncol , vol.75 , pp. 310-316
    • Habal, N.1    Sims, C.2    Bilchik, A.J.3
  • 121
  • 122
  • 123
    • 0013611964 scopus 로고
    • A clinical study of 25 patients with carcinoid tumors of the rectum
    • Peskin GW, Orloff MJ. A clinical study of 25 patients with carcinoid tumors of the rectum. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1959; 109:673-682.
    • (1959) Surg Gynecol Obstet , vol.109 , pp. 673-682
    • Peskin, G.W.1    Orloff, M.J.2
  • 124
    • 0015099276 scopus 로고
    • Carcinoid tumors of the rectum
    • Orloff MJ. Carcinoid tumors of the rectum. Cancer 1971; 28:175-180.
    • (1971) Cancer , vol.28 , pp. 175-180
    • Orloff, M.J.1
  • 125
    • 0026533753 scopus 로고
    • Incidence and mortality of carcinoids of the colon. Data from the Connecticut Registry
    • Ballantyne GH, Savoca PE, Flannery JT, et al. Incidence and mortality of carcinoids of the colon. Data from the Connecticut Registry. Cancer 1992 15;69:2400-2405.
    • (1992) Cancer , vol.15 , Issue.69 , pp. 2400-2405
    • Ballantyne, G.H.1    Savoca, P.E.2    Flannery, J.T.3
  • 126
    • 0031057664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carcinoids of the rectum: An evaluation of 1271 reported cases
    • Soga J. Carcinoids of the rectum: an evaluation of 1271 reported cases. Surg Today 1997; 27:112-119.
    • (1997) Surg Today , vol.27 , pp. 112-119
    • Soga, J.1
  • 127
    • 0019503204 scopus 로고
    • Neuron-specific enolase is produced by neuroendocrine tumours
    • Tapia FJ, Polak JM, Barbosa AJ, et al. Neuron-specific enolase is produced by neuroendocrine tumours. Lancet 1981; 1:808-811.
    • (1981) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 808-811
    • Tapia, F.J.1    Polak, J.M.2    Barbosa, A.J.3
  • 128
    • 0020575420 scopus 로고
    • The neuroendocrine products of intestinal carcinoids. An immunoperoxidase study of 35 carcinoid tumors stained for serotonin and eight polypeptide hormones
    • Yang K, Ulich T, Cheng L, et al. The neuroendocrine products of intestinal carcinoids. An immunoperoxidase study of 35 carcinoid tumors stained for serotonin and eight polypeptide hormones. Cancer 1983; 51:1918-1926.
    • (1983) Cancer , vol.51 , pp. 1918-1926
    • Yang, K.1    Ulich, T.2    Cheng, L.3
  • 130
    • 0028287069 scopus 로고
    • Colon carcinoid tumors. A population-based study
    • Spread C, Berkel H, Jewell L, et al. Colon carcinoid tumors. A population-based study. Dis Colon Rectum 1994; 37:482-491.
    • (1994) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.37 , pp. 482-491
    • Spread, C.1    Berkel, H.2    Jewell, L.3
  • 131
    • 0016724762 scopus 로고
    • Carcinoid tumors. An analysis of 2,837 cases
    • Godwin JD II. Carcinoid tumors. An analysis of 2,837 cases. Cancer 1975; 36:560-569.
    • (1975) Cancer , vol.36 , pp. 560-569
    • Godwin II, J.D.1
  • 132
    • 0025029769 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of rectal carcinoid tumors
    • Shirouzu K, Isomoto H, Kakegawa T, et al. Treatment of rectal carcinoid tumors. Am J Surg 1990; 160:262-265.
    • (1990) Am J Surg , vol.160 , pp. 262-265
    • Shirouzu, K.1    Isomoto, H.2    Kakegawa, T.3
  • 133
    • 2342591402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of multiple rectal carcinoids by endoscopic mucosal resection using a device for esophageal variceal ligation
    • Okamoto Y, Fujii M, Tateiwa S, et al. Treatment of multiple rectal carcinoids by endoscopic mucosal resection using a device for esophageal variceal ligation. Endoscopy 2004; 36:469-470.
    • (2004) Endoscopy , vol.36 , pp. 469-470
    • Okamoto, Y.1    Fujii, M.2    Tateiwa, S.3
  • 134
    • 0027488687 scopus 로고
    • Small, polypoid-appearing carcinoid tumors of the rectum: Clinicopathologic study of 16 cases and effectiveness of endoscopic treatment
    • Matsui K, Iwase T, Kitagawa M. Small, polypoid-appearing carcinoid tumors of the rectum: clinicopathologic study of 16 cases and effectiveness of endoscopic treatment. Am J Gastroenterol 1993; 88:1949-1953.
    • (1993) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.88 , pp. 1949-1953
    • Matsui, K.1    Iwase, T.2    Kitagawa, M.3
  • 135
    • 0031900608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stage-dependent therapy of rectal carcinoid tumors
    • Schindl M, Niederle B, Hafner M, et al. Stage-dependent therapy of rectal carcinoid tumors. World J Surg 1998; 22:628-633.
    • (1998) World J Surg , vol.22 , pp. 628-633
    • Schindl, M.1    Niederle, B.2    Hafner, M.3
  • 136
    • 0029941277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carcinoid tumor of the rectum. DNA ploidy is not a prognostic factor
    • Fitzgerald SD, Meagher AP, Moniz-Pereira P, et al. Carcinoid tumor of the rectum. DNA ploidy is not a prognostic factor. Dis Colon Rectum 1996; 39:643-648.
    • (1996) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.39 , pp. 643-648
    • Fitzgerald, S.D.1    Meagher, A.P.2    Moniz-Pereira, P.3
  • 137
    • 0002466939 scopus 로고
    • On disease of the mammary areola preceding cancer of the mammary gland
    • Paget J. On disease of the mammary areola preceding cancer of the mammary gland. St Barth Hosp Rep 1874; 10:87-89.
    • (1874) St Barth Hosp Rep , vol.10 , pp. 87-89
    • Paget, J.1
  • 138
    • 0001797465 scopus 로고
    • Sur un cas de maladie de Paget de la region perineo-anale et scrotale
    • Darier J, Couililaud P. Sur un cas de maladie de Paget de la region perineo-anale et scrotale. Ann Dermatol Syphiligr (Paris) 1893; 4:25-31.
    • (1893) Ann Dermatol Syphiligr (Paris) , vol.4 , pp. 25-31
    • Darier, J.1    Couililaud, P.2
  • 141
    • 0024558843 scopus 로고
    • Paget's disease of the anus: A clinicopathological study
    • Armitage NC, Jass JR, Richman PI, et al. Paget's disease of the anus: a clinicopathological study. Br J Surg 1989; 76:60-63.
    • (1989) Br J Surg , vol.76 , pp. 60-63
    • Armitage, N.C.1    Jass, J.R.2    Richman, P.I.3
  • 143
    • 0028273274 scopus 로고
    • Sliding V-Y perineal island flaps for large perianal defects
    • Core GB, Bite U, Pemberton JH, et al. Sliding V-Y perineal island flaps for large perianal defects. Ann Plast Surg 1994; 32:328-331.
    • (1994) Ann Plast Surg , vol.32 , pp. 328-331
    • Core, G.B.1    Bite, U.2    Pemberton, J.H.3
  • 144
    • 0030048303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstruction with bilateral gluteus maximus myocutaneous rotation flap after wide local excision for perianal extramammary Paget's disease. Report of two cases
    • Murakami K, Tanimura H, Ishimoto K, et al. Reconstruction with bilateral gluteus maximus myocutaneous rotation flap after wide local excision for perianal extramammary Paget's disease. Report of two cases. Dis Colon Rectum 1996; 39:227-231.
    • (1996) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.39 , pp. 227-231
    • Murakami, K.1    Tanimura, H.2    Ishimoto, K.3
  • 145
  • 146
    • 0034994035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staged excision and split-thickness skin graft for circumferential perianal Paget's disease
    • Lam DT, Batista O, Weiss EG, et al. Staged excision and split-thickness skin graft for circumferential perianal Paget's disease. Dis Colon Rectum 2001; 44:868-870.
    • (2001) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.44 , pp. 868-870
    • Lam, D.T.1    Batista, O.2    Weiss, E.G.3
  • 147
    • 0025277410 scopus 로고
    • Perianal Paget's disease. Classification and review of management: Report of two cases
    • Shutze WP, Gleysteen JJ. Perianal Paget's disease. Classification and review of management: report of two cases. Dis Colon Rectum 1990; 33:502-507.
    • (1990) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.33 , pp. 502-507
    • Shutze, W.P.1    Gleysteen, J.J.2
  • 148
    • 0037954131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term outcome of perianal Paget's disease
    • McCarter MD, Quan SH, Busam K, et al. Long-term outcome of perianal Paget's disease. Dis Colon Rectum 2003; 46:612-616.
    • (2003) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.46 , pp. 612-616
    • McCarter, M.D.1    Quan, S.H.2    Busam, K.3
  • 149
    • 0000478569 scopus 로고
    • Precancerous dermatosis: A study of two cases of chronic a-Typical epithelial proliferation
    • Bowen JT. Precancerous dermatosis: a study of two cases of chronic a-typical epithelial proliferation. J Cutan Dis 1912; 30:241-255.
    • (1912) J Cutan Dis , vol.30 , pp. 241-255
    • Bowen, J.T.1
  • 151
    • 4944237700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcomes, risk of other malignancies, and need for formal mapping procedures in patients with perianal Bowen's disease
    • Margenthaler JA, Dietz DW, Mutch MG, et al. Outcomes, risk of other malignancies, and need for formal mapping procedures in patients with perianal Bowen's disease. Dis Colon Rectum 2004; 47:1655-1660.
    • (2004) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.47 , pp. 1655-1660
    • Margenthaler, J.A.1    Dietz, D.W.2    Mutch, M.G.3
  • 152
    • 0030810708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perianal Bowen's disease: Associated tumors, human papillomavirus, surgery, and other controversies
    • Sarmiento JM, Wolff BG, Burgart LJ, et al. Perianal Bowen's disease: associated tumors, human papillomavirus, surgery, and other controversies. Dis Colon Rectum 1997; 40:912-918.
    • (1997) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.40 , pp. 912-918
    • Sarmiento, J.M.1    Wolff, B.G.2    Burgart, L.J.3
  • 153
  • 154
    • 0030670831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perianal Bowen's disease: A clinicopathologic study of 47 patients
    • Marchesa P, Fazio VW, Oliart S, et al. Perianal Bowen's disease: a clinicopathologic study of 47 patients. Dis Colon Rectum 1997; 40:1286-1293.
    • (1997) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.40 , pp. 1286-1293
    • Marchesa, P.1    Fazio, V.W.2    Oliart, S.3
  • 156
    • 70449272203 scopus 로고
    • Bowen's disease and its relationship to systemic cancer
    • Graham JH, Helwig EB. Bowen's disease and its relationship to systemic cancer. AMA Arch Derm 1959; 80:133-159.
    • (1959) AMA Arch Derm , vol.80 , pp. 133-159
    • Graham, J.H.1    Helwig, E.B.2
  • 157
    • 0002234717 scopus 로고
    • Bowen's disease and its relationship to systemic cancer
    • Graham JH, Helwig EB. Bowen's disease and its relationship to systemic cancer. AMA Arch Derm 1961; 83:738-758.
    • (1961) AMA Arch Derm , vol.83 , pp. 738-758
    • Graham, J.H.1    Helwig, E.B.2
  • 158
    • 0023888921 scopus 로고
    • Bowen's disease and internal malignant diseases. A study of 581 patients
    • Reymann F, Ravnborg L, Schou G, et al. Bowen's disease and internal malignant diseases. A study of 581 patients. Arch Dermatol 1988; 124:677-679.
    • (1988) Arch Dermatol , vol.124 , pp. 677-679
    • Reymann, F.1    Ravnborg, L.2    Schou, G.3
  • 159
    • 0018345316 scopus 로고
    • Bowen's disease of the anal and perianal area. A report and analysis of twelve cases
    • Strauss RJ, Fazio VW. Bowen's disease of the anal and perianal area. A report and analysis of twelve cases. Am J Surg 1979; 137:231-234.
    • (1979) Am J Surg , vol.137 , pp. 231-234
    • Strauss, R.J.1    Fazio, V.W.2
  • 160
    • 0033948972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment options for perianal Bowen's disease: Survey of American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons members
    • Cleary RK, Schaldenbrand JD, Fowler JJ. et al. Treatment options for perianal Bowen's disease: survey of American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons members. Am Surg 2000; 66:686-688.
    • (2000) Am Surg , vol.66 , pp. 686-688
    • Cleary, R.K.1    Schaldenbrand, J.D.2    Fowler, J.J.3
  • 161
    • 18744409523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical 5-fluorouracil in the management of extensive anal Bowen's disease: A preferred approach
    • Graham BD, Jetmore AB, Foote JE, et al. Topical 5-fluorouracil in the management of extensive anal Bowen's disease: a preferred approach. Dis Colon Rectum 2005; 48:444-450.
    • (2005) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.48 , pp. 444-450
    • Graham, B.D.1    Jetmore, A.B.2    Foote, J.E.3
  • 162
    • 0026460438 scopus 로고
    • Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of Bowen's disease
    • Jones CM, Mang T, Cooper M, et al. Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of Bowen's disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 1992; 27:979-982.
    • (1992) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.27 , pp. 979-982
    • Jones, C.M.1    Mang, T.2    Cooper, M.3
  • 163
    • 0032842435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal cell carcinoma of the perianal region: 20-year experience
    • Paterson CA, Young-Fadok TM, Dozois RR. Basal cell carcinoma of the perianal region: 20-year experience. Dis Colon Rectum 1999; 42:1200-1202.
    • (1999) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.42 , pp. 1200-1202
    • Paterson, C.A.1    Young-Fadok, T.M.2    Dozois, R.R.3
  • 164
    • 0019773150 scopus 로고
    • Basal cell carcinoma of the anus-A clinical study of 34 cases
    • Nielsen OV, Jensen SL. Basal cell carcinoma of the anus-a clinical study of 34 cases. Br J Surg 1981; 68:856-857.
    • (1981) Br J Surg , vol.68 , pp. 856-857
    • Nielsen, O.V.1    Jensen, S.L.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.