Metabolic effects of intravenous LCT or MCT/LCT lipid emulsions in preterm infants

Journal of Lipid Research

Volumn 47, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 404-411

  Lehner, Frauke ^a   Demmelmair, Hans ^a   Röschinger, Wulf ^a   Decsi, Tamás ^b   Szász, Mária ^b   Adamovich, Károly ^b   Arnecke, Ralf ^c   Koletzko, Berthold ^a  

^a LUDWIG MAXIMILIANS UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PÉCS   (Hungary)

^c Laboratory Becker   (Germany)

Author keywords

Essential fatty acids; Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids; Long chain triacylglycerols; Medium chain triacylglycerols; Stable isotope

Indexed keywords

CARBON 13; ESSENTIAL FATTY ACID; LINOLEIC ACID; LIPID EMULSION; LONG CHAIN TRIACYLGLYCEROL; MEDIUM CHAIN TRIACYLGLYCEROL; PHOSPHOLIPID; POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACID; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; FATTY ACID METABOLISM; FATTY ACID OXIDATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; INFANT; ISOTOPE LABELING; LIPID COMPOSITION; MALE; METABOLISM; NEWBORN; PRECURSOR; PREMATURITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION;

3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID; ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; BODY WEIGHT; CARBON ISOTOPES; CARNITINE; CHOLESTEROL; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; FAT EMULSIONS, INTRAVENOUS; FATTY ACIDS; FATTY ACIDS, ESSENTIAL; FATTY ACIDS, NONESTERIFIED; FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED; FEMALE; GAMMA-TOCOPHEROL; HUMANS; INFANT, NEWBORN; INFANT, PREMATURE; LIPID METABOLISM; MALE; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; TRIGLYCERIDES;

EID: 33244484773     PISSN: 00222275     EISSN: 15397262     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1194/jlr.M500423-JLR200     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Koletzko, B. 2002. Intravenous lipid infusion in infancy - physiological aspects and clinical relevance. Clin. Nutr. 21 (Suppl.): 53-65.
2. Koletzko, B., C. Agostoni, S. E. Carlson, T. M. Clandinin, G. Hornstra, M. Neuringer, R. Uauy, Y. Yamashiro, and P. Willatts. 2001. Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) and perinatal development. Acta Paediatr. 90: 460-464.
3. Adolph, M. 1999. Lipid emulsions in parenteral nutrition. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 43: 1-13.
4. Halliwell, B., and S. Chirico. 1993. Lipid peroxidation: its mechanism, measurement and significance. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 57 (Suppl.): 715-724.
5. Spielmann, D., U. Bracco, H. Traitler, G. Crozier, R. T. Holman, M. Ward, and R. Cotter. 1988. Alternative lipids to usual omega 6 PUFAS: gamma-linolenic acid, alpha linolenic acid, stearidonic acid, EPA etc. J. Parenteral. Enteral. Nutr. 12 (Suppl.): 111-123.
6. O'Connor, D. L., R. Hall, D. Adamkin, N. Auestad, M. Castillo, W. E. Connor, S. L. Connor, K. Fitzgerald, S. Groh-Wargo, E. Hartmann, et al. 2001. Growth and development in preterm infants fed long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: a prospective, randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics. 108: 359-371.
7. SanGiovanni, J. P., S. Parra-Cabrera, G. A. Colditz, C. S. Berkey, and J. T. Dwyer. 2000. Meta-analysis of dietary essential fatty acids and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids as they relate to visual resolution acuity in healthy preterm infants. Pediatrics. 105: 1292-1298.
8. Salem, N., B. Wegher, P. Mena, and R. Uauy. 1996. Arachidonic and docohexaenoic acids are biosynthesized from their 18-carbon precursors in human infants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93: 49-54.
9. 13C-labelled linoleic acid in newborn infants during the first week of life. Pediatr. Res. 45: 669-673.
10. 13C: a comparison of oxidation after oral or parenteral administration in humans. J. Nutr. 121: 31-36.
11. Rubin, M., A. Moser, N. Naor, P. Merloh, R. Pakula, and L. Sirota. 1994. Effect of three intravenously administered fat emulsions containing different concentrations of fatty acids on the plasma fatty acid composition of premature infants. J. Pediatr. 125: 596-602.
12. 13C]-linoleic acid in humans. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 29: 603-609.
13. Uauy, R., P. Mena, B. Wegher, S. Nieto, and N. Salem. 2000. Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid formation in neonates: effect of gestational age and intrauterine growth. Pediatr. Res. 47: 127-135.
14. Millington, D. S., N. Kodo, D. L. Norwood, and C. R. Roe. 1990. Tandem mass spectrometry: a new method for acylcarnitine profiling with potential for neonatal screening for inborn errors of metabolism. J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 13: 321-324.
15. Fingerhut, R., W. Röschinger, A. C. Muntau, T. Dame, J. Kreischer, R. Arnecke, A. Superti-Furga, H. Troxler, B. Liebl, and B. Olgemöller. 2001. Hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase I deficiency: acylcarnitine profiles in blood spots are highly specific. Clin. Chem. 47: 1763-1768.
16. Göbel, Y., C. Schaffer, and B. Koletzko. 1997. Simultaneous determination of low plasma concentrations of retinol and tocopherols in preterm infants by a high-performance liquid chromatographic micromethod. J. Chromatogr. B. 688: 57-62.
17. Kolarovic, L., and N. C. Fournier. 1986. A comparison of extraction methods for the isolation of phospholipids from biological sources. Anal. Biochem. 156: 244-250.
18. Carnielli, V. P., F. Pederzini, R. Vittorangeli, I. H. T. Luijendijk, W. E. M. Boomaars, D. Pedrotti, and P. J. J. Sauer. 1996. Plasma and red blood cell fatty acid of very low birth weight infants fed exclusively with expressed preterm human milk. Pediatr. Res. 39: 671-679.
19. Demmelmair, H., F. Feldl, I. Horvath, T. Niederland, V. Ruszinko, D. Raederstorff, C. De Min, R. Muggli, and B. Koletzko. 2001. Influence of formulas with borage oil or borage oil plus fish oil on the arachidonic acid status in premature infants. Lipids. 36: 555-566.
20. Craig, H. 1957. Isotopic standards for carbon and oxygen and correction factors for mass spectrometric analysis of carbon dioxide. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 12: 133-149.
21. Kramer, M. S., R. W. Platt, S. W. Wen, K. S. Joseph, and A. A. Allen. 2001. A new and improved population-based Canadian reference for birth weight for gestational age. Pediatrics. 108: E35-E41.
22. Behrman, R. E., R. M. Kliegman, and H. B. Jenson. 2000. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, PA.
23. Donnell, S. C., D. A. Lloyd, S. Eaton, and A. Pierro. 2002. The metabolic response to intravenous medium-chain triglycerides in infants after surgery. J. Pediatr. 141: 689-694.
24. Shaffer, S. G., C. L. Quimiro, J. V. Anderson, and R. T. Hall. 1987. Postnatal weight changes in low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 79: 702-705.
25. Shaffer, S. G., S. K. Bradth, and R. T. Hall. 1986. Postnatal changes in total body water and extracellular volume in the preterm infant with respiratory distress syndrome. J. Pediatr. 109: 509-514.
26. Pauls, J., K. Bauer, and H. Versmold. 1998. Postnatal body weight curves for infants below 100 g birth weight receiving early enteral and parenteral nutrition. Eur. J. Pediatr. 157: 416-421.
27. Haumont, D., M. Richelle, R. J. Deckelbaum, and Y. A. Carpentier. 1993. Effect of liposomal content of lipid emulsions on plasma lipid concentrations in low birth weight infants receiving parenteral nutrition. J. Pediatr. 121: 759-763.
28. Angsten, G., M. Boberg, G. Cederblad, S. Meurling, and H. Stiernström. 2002. Metabolic effects in neonates receiving intravenous medium-chain triglycerides. Acta Paediatr. 91: 188-197.
29. Rovamo, L., E. A. Nikkila, M. R. Taskinen, and K. O. Raivio. 1984. Postheparin plasma lipoprotein and hepatic lipases in preterm neonates. Pediatr. Res. 18: 1104-1107.
30. Genzel-Boroviczény, O., and R. Hroboticky. 1996. Plasma values of polyunsaturated fatty acids in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants fed breast milk or formula very early in life. Eur. J. Med. Res. 1: 495-498.
31. Cairns, P. A., and D. J. Stalker. 2000. Carnitine Supplementation of Parenterally Fed Neonates. The Cochrane Library, Oxford, UK.
32. Souci, S. W., W. Fachmann, and H. Kraut. 2005. Die Zusammensetzung der Lebensmittel. Nährwerttabellen 1989/90. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart, Germany.
33. Kaempf, D. E., and O. Linderkamp. 1998. Do healthy premature infants fed breast milk need vitamin E supplementation: α- and γ-tocopherol levels in blood components and buccal mucosal cells. Pediatr. Res. 44: 54-59.
34. Carpentier, Y. A., C. Simoens, V. Siderova, I. El Nakadi, V. Vanweyenberg, D. Eggerickx, and R. J. Deckelbaum. 1997. Recent developments in lipid emulsions: relevance to intensive care. Nutrition. 13 (Suppl.): 73-78.
35. Bach, A. C., and V. K. Babayan. 1982. Medium-chain triglycerides: an update. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 36: 950-962.
36. Bach, A. C., Y. Ingenbleek, and A. Frey. 1996. The usefulness of dietary medium-chain triglycerides in body weight control: fact or fancy? J. Lipid Res. 37: 708-726.
37. 13C]linoleic acid metabolism in preterm infants fed a formula with mediumchain triglycerides. J. Lipid Res. 44: 41-48.
38. DeLany, J. P., M. M. Windhauser, C. M. Champagne, and G. A. Bray. 2000. Differential oxidation of individual dietary fatty acids in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 72: 905-911.
39. Carnielli, V. P., E. J. Sulkers, C. Moretti, J. L. D. Wattimena, J. B. van Goudoever, H. J. Degenhart, F. Zacchello, and P. J. J. Sauer. 1994. Conversion of octanoic acid into long-chain saturated fatty acids in premature infants fed a formula containing medium-chain triglycerides. Metabolism. 43: 1287-1292.
40. 13C-labeled fatty acids in humans. J. Lipid Res. 44: 49-55.
41. Chern, J. C., and J. E. Kinsella. 1983. The effects of unsaturated fatty acids on the synthesis of arachidonic acid in rat kidney cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 750: 465-471.
42. Martin-Pea, G., J. M. Culebras, L. de la Hoz-Perales, J. P. Barro-Ordovás, R. Catalá-Pizarro, and J. Ruiz-Galiana. 2002. Effect of 2 lipid emulsions (LCT versus MCT/LCT) on the fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipid: a double-blind randomized trial. J. Parenteral. Enteral.Nutr. 26: 30-41.
43. Carnielli, V. P., K. Rossi, T. Badon, B. Gregori, G. Verlato, A. Orzali, and F. Zachello. 1996. Medium-chain triacylglycerols in formulas for preterm infants: effect on plasma lipids, circulating concentrations of medium-chain fatty acids, and essential fatty acids. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 64: 152-158.
44. Sprecher, H. 2000. Metabolism of highly unsaturated n-3 and n-6 fatty acids. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1486: 219-231.
45. Leyton, J., P. J. Drury, and M. A. Crawford. 1987. Different oxidation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in vivo in the rat. Br. J. Nutr. 57: 383-393.
46. Leyton, J., P. J. Drury, and M. A. Crawford. 1987. In vivo incorporation of labeled fatty acids in rat liver lipids after oral administration. Lipids. 22: 553-558.