White LED based on polyfluorene co-polymers blend on plastic substrate

IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices

Volumn 53, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 427-434

  Lee, Hojin ^a   Johnson, Aaron R ^a   Kanicki, Jerzy ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

Flexible plastic substrate; Polymer blend; Polymer light emmiting diodes (PLEDs); White polymer light emiting diodes (WPLEDs)

Indexed keywords

COPOLYMERS; ENERGY TRANSFER; LIGHT EMISSION; POLYMER BLENDS; SUBSTRATES;

FLEXIBLE PLASTIC SUBSTRATE; OPTO-ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES; POLYFLUORENE; WHITE LIGHT EMISSION; WHITE POLYMER LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES (WPLEDS);

LIGHT EMITTING DIODES;

EID: 33244483876     PISSN: 00189383     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TED.2005.864378     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. G. Gu, P. E. Burrow, S. Venkatesh, S. R. Forrest, and M. E. Thompson, "Vacuum deposited, nonpolymeric flexible organic light-emitting devices," Opt. Lett., vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 172-174, 1997.
2. Y. Hong, Z. Hong, and J. Kanicki, "Materials and devices structures for high performance poly OLEDs on flexible plastic substrates," Proc. SPIE, vol. 4105, pp. 356-361, 2000.
3. Y. Hong, Z. He, S. Lee, and J. Kanicki, "Air-stable organic polymer red light-emitting devices on flexible plastic substrates," Proc. SPIE, vol. 4464, pp. 329-335, 2001.
4. H. Lim, W. J. Cho, C. S. Ha, S. Ando, Y. K. Kim, C. H. Park, and K. Lee, "Flexible organic electroluminescent devices based on fluorine-containing colorless polyimide substrates," Adv. Mater., vol. 14, no. 18, pp. 1275-1279, 2002.
5. J. Kido, M. Kimura, and K. Nagai, "Multilayer white light-emitting organic electroluminescent devices," Science, vol. 267, no. 5202, pp. 1332-1334, 1995.
6. R. S. Deshpande, V. Bulovic, and S. R. Forrest, "White-light-emitting organic electroluminescent devices based on interlayer sequential energy transfer," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 75, pp. 888-890, 1999.
7. M. Mazzeo, J. Thompson, R. I. R. Blyth, M. Anni, G. Gigli, and R. Cingolani, "White light from blue: White emitting organic LEDs based on spin coated blends of blue-emitting molecules," Physica E, vol. 13, pp. 1243-1246, 2002.
8. Y. Shao and Y. Yang, "White organic light-emitting diodes prepared by a fused organic solid solution method," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 86, 2004. 073 510.
9. J. Kido, H. Shinoya, and K. Nagai, "Single-layer white light-emitting organic electroluminescent devices based on dye-dispersed poly(N-vinyl-carbazole)," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 67, pp. 2281-2283, 1995.
10. M. Granström and O. Inganäs, "White light emission from a polymer blend light emitting diode," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 68, pp. 147-149, 1996.
11. C. Chao and S. Chen, "White light emission from exciplex in a bilayer device with two blue light-emitting polymers," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 73, pp. 426-428, 1998.
12. J. P. Yang, Y. D. Jin, P. L. Heremans, R. Hoefnagels, P. Dieltiens, F. Blockhuys, H. J. Geise, M. V. Auweraer, and G. Borghs, "White light emission from a single layer organic light emitting diode fabricated by spincoating," Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 325, pp. 251-256, 2000.
13. X. Gong, W. Ma, J. C. Ostrowski, G. C. Bazan, D. Moses, and A. J. Heeger, "White electrophosphorescence from semiconducting polymer blends," Adv. Mater., vol. 16, pp. 8601-8605, 2004.
14. G. Ho, H. Meng, S. Lin, S. Horng, C. Hsu, L. Chen, and S. Chang, "Efficient white light emission in conjugated polymer homojuctions," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 85, pp. 4576-4578, 2004.
15. Y. He and J. Kanicki, "High efficiency organic polymer light-emitting devices on the flexible plastic substrates," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 76, no. 6, pp. 661-663, 2000.
16. Y. Hong, Z. He, L. S. Lennhoff, D. Banach, and J. Kanicki, "Transparent flexible substrates for organic light-emitting devices and other devices," J. Electron. Mater., vol. 33, pp. 312-320, 2004.
17. Y. Hong and J. Kanicki, "Opto-electronic properties of poly (fluorene) co-polymer red light- emitting devices on flexible plastic substrate," IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 1562-1569, Oct. 2004.
18. J. Kanicki, S. Lee, Y. Hong, and C. C. Su, "Organic polymer light-emitting devices on flexible plastic substrate," in IMID Dig., 2004.
19. M. T. Bernius, M. Inbasekaran, J. O'brien, and W. Wu, "Progress with light-emitting polymers," Adv. Mater., vol. 12, no. 23, pp. 1737-1750, 2000.
20. M. Inbasekaran, W. Wu, E. P. Woo, and M. T. Bernius, "Fluorene Copolymers and Devices Made Therefrom," U.S. Patent 6 353 083, Mar. 5, 2002.
21. A. J. Bard and L. R. Faulkner, Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications. New York, NY: Wiley, 2001.
22. J. Pommerehne, H. Vestweber, W. Guss, R. F. Mahrt, H. Bässler, M. Porsch, and J. Daub, "Efficient two layer LEDs on a polymer blend basis;," Adv. Mater., vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 551-554, 1995.
23. J. S. Kim, R. H. Friend, and F. Cacialli, "Surface energy and polarity of treated indium- tin- oxide anodes for polymer light-emitting diodes studied by contact-angle measurements," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 86, no. 5, pp. 2774-2778, 1999.
24. M. P. de Jong, L. J. van Ijzendoorn, and M. J. A. de Voigt, "Stability of the interface between indium-tin-oxide and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) in polymer light-emitting diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 77, pp. 2255-2257, 2000.
25. Y. Hong and J. Kanicki, "Integrating sphere CCD-based measurement method of organic light-emitting devices," Rev. Sci. Instrum., vol. 78, no. 7, pp. 3572-3575, 2003.
26. R. Friend, J. Burroughes, and T. Shimoda, "Polymer diodes," Phys. World, pp. 35-40, 1999.
27. S. Berleb, W. Brütting, and M. Schwoerer, "Anomalous current-voltage characteristics in organic light-emitting devices," Synth. Met., vol. 102, pp. 1034-1037, 1999.
28. H. Kusano, N. Shiraishi, S. Hosaka, I. Kuruma, M. Kitagawa, K. Ichino, and H. Kobayashi, "Carrier transport mechanism of PVCz-based multi-layered electroluminescent devices," Synth. Met., vol. 91, pp. 341-343, 1997.
29. P. S. Smertenko, O. P. Dimitriev, S. Schrader, and L. Brehmer, "Doping of polyaniline by transition metal salts: Current-voltage characteristics of the ITO/polymer film/metal heterostructures," Synth. Met., vol. 146, pp. 187-196, 2004.
30. I. D. Parker, "Carrier tunneling and device characteristics in polymer light-emitting diodes," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 75, pp. 1656-1666, 1994.
31. S. Martin, M. Hamilton, and J. Kanicki, "Organic-polymer thin-film transistors for active-matric flat-panel displays?," J. Soc. Inf. Disp., vol. 11, pp. 543-549, 2003.
32. I. H. Campbell, D. L. Smith, C. J. Neef, and J. P. Ferraris, "Consistent time-of-flight mobility measurements and polymer light-emitting diode current-voltage characteristics," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 74, pp. 2809-2811, 1999.
33. R. S. Crandall, "Modeling of thin film solar cells: Uniform field approximation," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 54, pp. 7176-7186, 1983.
34. J. Kanicki, Amorphous & Microcrstalline Semiconductor Devices. Boston, MA: Artech, 1991.
35. X. Gong, M. R. Robinson, J. C. Ostrowski, D. Moses, G. C. Bazan, and A. J. Heeger, "High-efficiency polymer-based electrophosphorescent devices," Adv. Mater., vol. 14, pp. 581-585, 2002.
36. H. Lee, D. Banach, and J. Kanicki, "High-performance light-emitting devices via energy transfer in polymer blends,", to be published.
37. R. Gupta, M. Stevenson, A. Dogariu, M. D. McGehee, J. Y. Park, V. Srdanov, and A. J. Heeger, "Low-threshold amplified spontaneous emission in blends of conjugated polymers," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 73, pp. 3492-3494, 1998.
38. Y. Ohno, "CIE fundamentals for color measurements," in Proc. IS&T NIP16 Conf., 2000.