Using phytogeomorphology, cartography and GIS to explain forest site productivity expressed as tree height in southern and central Finland

Geomorphology

Volumn 74, Issue 1-4, 2006, Pages 271-284

  Korkalainen, Timo ^a   Laurén, Ari ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN FINLAND   (Finland)

^b FINNISH FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

Author keywords

Cartography; GIS; Norway spruce; Phytogeomorphology; Scots pine; Tree height

Indexed keywords

CONIFEROUS FOREST; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; GROWTH; LANDFORM;

PICEA ABIES; PINUS SYLVESTRIS;

EID: 32644487995     PISSN: 0169555X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.09.001     Document Type: Article

References (95)

1. T. Aartolahti On deglaciation in southern and western Finland Fennia 114 1972 1-84
2. T. Aartolahti On the beach ridges in the area of the Virtaankangas-S̈kylänharju esker, SW-Finland Fennia 117 1972 1-31
3. T. Aartolahti Ring ridge hummocky moraines in northern Finland Fennia 134 1974 1-22
4. T. Aartolahti Two glacial mound fields in northern Savo, Finland Fennia 139 1975 1-23
5. T. Aartolahti Suomen maankamaran vaiheet Terra 102 1990 203-219
6. V. Barnett Sample Survey, Principles and Methods 2002 Oxford University Press Inc New York
7. P.V. Bolstad W. Swank J. Vose Predicting southern Appalachian overstory vegetation with digital terrain data Landscape Ecology 13 1998 271-283
8. K.T. Chang Introduction to Geographic Information Systems 2002 McGraw-Hill Education New York
9. R.B. Daniels R.D. Hammer Soil Geomorphology 1992 John Wiley and Sons, Inc Toronto
10. J. Donner Suomen kvartäärigeologia 1978 University of Helsinki, Department of Geology Helsinki (in Finnish)
11. B. Dorner K. Lertzman J. Fall Landscape pattern in topographically complex landscapes: Issues and techniques for analysis Landscape Ecology 17 2002 729-743
12. S. Dragicevic D.J. Marceau An application of fuzzy logic reasoning for GIS temporal modeling of dynamic processes Fuzzy Set and Systems 113 2000 69-80
13. D. Ebdon Statistics in Geography 1995 Basil Blackwell New York
14. K-L. Erb Land-use related changes in aboveground carbon stocks of Austria's terrestrial ecosystem Ecosystems 7 2004 563-572
15. Eronen, M., 1990. Itämeren ylin ranta ja jääjärvet. Atlas of Finland 123-126, pp. 16-18 (in Finnish).
16. Eronen, M., Haila, H., 1990. The main ancient shorelines. Atlas of Finland 123-126, p. 17 (in Finnish).
17. P. Fogelberg Representation of relief types in geomorphological mapping of a glaciated shield area (Finland) Fennia 151 1977 49-56
18. Fogelberg, P., Seppälä, M., 1986. General geomorphological map 1 : 1,000,000. Atlas of Finland 122, pp. 3-4.
19. G. Glückert Two large drumlin fields in Central Finland Fennia 120 1973 1-37
20. A. Haara M. Haarala Tree species classification using semi-automatic delineation of trees on aerial images Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 17 2002 556-565
21. Haavisto, M., Kukkonen, E., Kurkinen, I., Niemelä, J., Perttunen, M., Sutinen, S., Tikkanen, J., 1987. Quatenary deposits. Atlas of Finland 123-126, map appendix 2.
22. Hämet-Ahti, L., 1988. Biogeography. Atlas of Finland 141 143 1-2 (in Finnish).
23. C. Hättestrand S. Götz J.-V. Näslund D. Fabel A.P. Stroeven Drumlin formation time: Evidence from northern and central Sweden Geografiska Annaler 86A 2004 155-167
24. O. Heikkinen M. Tikkanen Glacial flutings in northern Finnish Lapland Fennia 157 1 1979 49-56
25. D. Hölscher D. Hertel H. Koenies Soil nutrient supply and biomass production in a mixed forest on a skeleton-rich soil and an adjacent beech forest Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 165 2002 668-674
26. J.A. Howard C.W. Mitchell Phytogeomorphology 1985 John Wiley & Sons New York
27. A. Huth M. Drechsler P. Köhler Multicriteria evaluation of simulated logging scenarios in a tropical rain forest Journal of Environmental Management 71 2004 321-333
28. J. Hynynen R. Ojansuu Puuston kehityksen ennustaminen MELA-järjestelmässä Metsäntutkimuslaitoksen Tiedonantoja 612 1996 21-37
29. Hynynen, J., Ojansuu, R., Hökkä, H., Siipilehto, J., Salminen, H., Haapala, P., 2002. Models for predicting stand development in MELA System. Finnish Forest Research Institute, Research papers 835, Vantaa.
30. Y. Ilvessalo Metsätyyppien esiintyminen eri maalajeilla Occurrence of forest types on the different soils Communicationes Instituti Forestalis Fenniae 18 5 1933 1-36
31. Y. Ilvessalo M. Ilvessalo Suomen metsätyypit metsiköiden luontaisen kehitys-ja puuntuotantokyvyn valossa The forest types of Finland in the light of natural development and yield capacity of forest stands Acta Forestalia Fennica 144 1975 1-101
32. S. Iwata T. Tabuchi B.P. Warkentin Soil-water interactions Mechanisms and Applications 2nd edition 1995 Marcel Dekker Inc. New York revised and expanded
33. D.W. Jeffrey Soil-Plant Relationships: An Ecological Approach 1987 Croom Helm Ltd. Great Britain
34. S.K. Jenson J.O. Domingue Extracting topographic structure from digital elevation data for geographic information system analysis Photographic Engineering Remote Sensing 54 1988 1593-1600
35. R. Jones Algorithms for using a DEM for mapping catchment areas of stream sediment samples Computers and Geosciences 28 2002 1051-1060
36. G.J. Kayahara K. Klinka P.L. Marshall Testing site index-site-factor relationships for predicting Pinus contorta and Picea engelmannii x P. glauca productivity in central British Columbia, Canada Forest Ecology and Management 110 1998 141-150
37. P. Koivisto Regionality of forest growth in Finland Communicationes Instituti Forestalis Fenniae 71 2 1970 1-76
38. M. Koivisto Moreeni M. Koivisto Jääkaudet 2004 Ws Bookwell Oy Porvoo 121-126
39. I. Korpela P. Anttila Appraisal of the mean height of trees by means of image matching of digitised aerial photographs Photogrammetric Journal of Finland 19 1 2004 23-36
40. Kujansuu, R., 1990. Geologinen kehitys kvartäärikaudella. Atlas of Finland 123-126, 11-12, (in Finnish).
41. H. Kurimo Late-glacial ice flows in northern Kainuu and Peräpohjola, North-East Finland Fennia 156 1978 11-43
42. Kuusela, K., 1977. Suomen metsien kasvu ja puutavaralajirakenne sekä niiden alueellisuus vuosina 1970-1976. Folia forestalia 320, 1-31. Summary: Increment and timber assortment structure and their regionality of the forests of Finland in 1970-1976.
43. O. Laiho Lämpöolojen paikallisvaihtelu ja sen merkitys metsänuudistamisessa Metsäntutkimuslaitoksen tiedonantoja 235 1986 25-34
44. E. Lipas Kasvupaikan puuntuotoskyvyn ja lannoitustarpeen arviointi maan ominaisuuksien avulla Assessment of site productivity and fertilizer requirement by means of soil properties Folia Forestalia vol. 618 1985 The Finnish Forest Research Institute Finland
45. J. Lundqvist Deglaciation pattern in subaquatic-supra-aquatic transitional environment illustrated by the Klarälven valley system, Värmland, western Sweden Geografiska Annaler 85 A 1 2003 73-89
46. M. Luoto R. Heikkinen Recent developments in spatial methods and data in biogeographical distribution modelling-advantages and pitfalls Fennia 181 1 2003 35-48
47. J. Merganič H.-D. Quednau Š. Šmeko Relations between selected geomorphology features and tree species diversity of forest ecosystems and interpolation on a regional level European Rournal of Forest Research 123 2004 75-85
48. E. Næsset Practical large-scale forest stand inventory using a small-footprint airborne scanning laser Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 19 2004 164-179
49. T.M. Nissen D.J. Midmore Stand basal area as an index of tree competitiveness in timber intercropping Agroforestry Systems 54 2002 51-60
50. R. Ojansuu H. Henttonen Kuukauden keskilämpötilan, lämpösumman ja sademäärän paikallisten arvojen johtaminen Ilmatieteen laitoksen mittaustiedoista Silva Fennica 17 1983 143-160
51. B. Ostendorf J.F. Reynolds Relationships between a terrain-based hydrologic model and patch-scale vegetation patterns in an arctic tundra landscape Landscape Ecology 8 1993 229-237
52. B. Ostendorf J.F. Reynolds A model of arctic tundra vegetation derived from topographic gradients Landscape Ecology 13 1998 187-201
53. L. Paavolainen A. Smolander Nitrification and denitrification in soil from a clear-cut Norway Spruce (Picea abies) stand Soil Biology & Biochemistry 30 1998 775-781
54. T. Persson A. Rudebeck J.H. Jussy M. Colin-Belgrand A. Priemé E. Dambrine P.S. Karlsson R.M. Sjöberg Nitrogen turnover - Mineralization, nitrification and denitrification in European forest soils E-D. Schulze Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in European Forest Ecosystems 2000 Springer Berlin Heidelberg 297-331
55. K. Pfeffer E.J. Pebesma P.A. Burrough Mapping alpine vegetation using vegetation observations and topographic attributes Landscape Ecology 18 2003 759-776
56. S. Poso M. Kujala The effect of topography on the volume of forest growing stock Communicationes Instituti Forestalis Fenniae 78 2 1973 1-29
57. Punkari, M. 1996. Glacial dynamics of the northern Europe ice sheets. Academic Dissertation, University of Helsinki, Department of Geology, Helsinki.
58. H. Rainio The Younger Dryas ice-marginal formations of southern Finland Geological Survey of Finland, Guide 32 1991 25-41
59. V.V. Rendig H.M. Taylor Principles of Soil-Plant Interrelationships 1989 McGraw-Hill Inc. USA
60. J.J.C. Rivas J.G.Á. González A.D.R. González K. Gadow Compatible height and site index models for five pine species in El Salto, Durango (Mexico) Forest Ecology and Management 201 2004 145-160
61. P. Roiko-Jokela Maaston korkeus puuntuotantoon vaikuttavana tekijänä Pohjois-Suomessa The effect of altitude on the forest yield in northern Finland Folia Forestalia vol. 452 1980 Institutum Forestale Fenniae Helsinki
62. H. Rönty Kuopion alueen geomorfologinen kartta Geological Survey of Finland, Kuopio 1999 (in Finnish)
63. H. Rönty Kajaanin-Joensuun seudun geomorfologia. Lisensiaattitutkimus Helsingin yliopisto, Maantieteen laitos 2002 (in Finnish)
64. M. Saarnisto Chronology of the Salpausselkä end moraines in Finland, and the fluctuation of Baltic Ice Lake levels Geological Survey of Finland, Guide 32 1991 7-24
65. Salminen, R., (Ed.), 1995. Alueellinen geokemiallinen kartoitus Suomessa 1982-1994. Tutkimusraportti 130, Geologian tutkimuskeskus, Espoo, pp. 7-10. Summary: Regional geochemical mapping in Finland in 1982-1994.
66. F.X. Schumacher A new growth curve and its application to timber yield studies J. For. 37 1939 819-820
67. G. Shaw D. Wheeler Statistical Techniques in Geographical Analysis 1997 David Fulton Publishers Ltd. London
68. J.F. Shroder Jr. M.P. Bishop A perspective on computer modeling and fieldwork Geomorphology 53 2003 1-9
69. Simonen, A., 1987. Pre-Quaternary rocks. In: Atlas of Finland 123-126, map appendix 1.
70. A. Smolander V. Kitunen O. Priha E. Mälkönen Nitrogen transformations in limed and nitrogen fertilized soil in Norway spruce stands Plant and Soil 17 1995 107-115
71. A.R. Stage An expression for the effect of aspect, slope and habitat type on tree growth Forest Sci. 22 1976 457-460
72. R. Store J. Jokimäki A GIS-based multi-scale approach to habitat suitability modeling Ecological Modelling 169 2003 1-15
73. R. Store J. Kangas Integrating spatial multi-criteria evaluation and expert knowledge for GIS-based habitat suitability modelling Landscape and Urban Planning 55 2001 79-93
74. P. Tamminen Kangasmaan ravinnetunnusten ilmaiseminen ja viljavuuden alueellinen vaihtelu Etelä-Suomessa Expression of soil nutrient status and regional variation in soil fertility of forested sites in southern Finland Folia Forestalia vol. 777 1991 The Finnish Forest Research Institute Finland
75. P. Tamminen Pituusboniteetin ennustaminen kasvupaikan ominaisuuksien avulla Etelä-Suomen kangasmetsissä Estimation of site index for Scots pine and Norway Spruce stands in south Finland using site properties Folia Forestalia vol. 819 1993 The Finnish Forest Research Institute Finland
76. P. Tamminen Soil factors E. Mälkönen Forest Condition in a Changing Environment - The Finnish Case 2000 Kluwer Academic Publishers Netherlands 72-86
77. D.G. Tarboton C.H. Luce Utah Energy Balance snow accumulation and melt model (UEB) Computer Model Technical Description and Users Guide 1996 Utah State University and USDA Forest Service USA
78. M. Tikkanen Georelief, its origin and development in the coastal area between Pori and Uusi-Kaupunki, south-western Finland Fennia 159 2 1981 253-333
79. M. Tikkanen Geomorphology of the Vantaanjoki drainage basin, southern Finland Fennia 167 1 1989 19-72
80. M. Tikkanen Suomen pinnanmuodot Terra 106 1994 181-192
81. M. Tikkanen The changing landforms of Finland Fennia 180 1-2 2002 21-30
82. M. Tikkanen J. Oksanen Late Weichselian and Holocene shore displacement history of the Baltic Sea in Finland Fennia 180 1-2 2002 9-20
83. E. Tomppo Valtakunnan metsien 9. inventointi (VMI9) Maastotyön ohjeet, Etelä-Suomi 1998 Metsäntutkimuslaitos Helsinki (in Finnish)
84. E. Tomppo Finland's forest resources in 1989-1994 and changes compared to 1951 E. Mälkönen Forest Condition in a Changing Environment - The Finnish Case 2000 Kluwer Academic Publishers Netherlands 5-24
85. E. Tomppo M. Halme Using coarse scale forest variables as ancillary information and weighting of variables in k-NN estimation: A genetic algorithm approach Remote Sensing of Environment 92 2004 1-20
86. G.E. Tucker S.T. Lancaster N.M. Gasparini R.L. Bras S.M. Rybarczyk An object-oriented framework for distributed hydrologic and geomorphic modeling using triangulated irregular networks Computers and Geosciences 27 2001 959-973
87. L. Urvas R. Erviö Metsätyypin määräytyminen maalajin ja maaperän kemiallisten ominaisuuksien perusteella Journal of the Scientific Agricultural Society of Finland 46 1974 307-319
88. P.J. Viro Suomen metsämaiden kivisyydestä Valtioneuvoston kirjapaino Helsinki (in Finnish, with English Abstr.)
89. P.J. Viro Forest site evaluation in Lapland Communicationes Instituti Forestalis Fenniae 55 9 1962 1-14
90. S.J. Walsh D.R. Butler G.P. Malanson An overview of scale, pattern, process relationships in geomorphology: A remote sensing and GIS perspective Geomorphology 21 1998 183-205
91. S. Weisberg Applied Linear Regression 1985 Wiley New York
92. R. Worrel Predicting the productivity of Sitka spruce on upland sites in northern Britain Forestry Commission, Bulletin 72 1987 1-12
93. E.G. Youngs Hydraulic conductivity of saturated soils K.A. Smith C.E. Mullins Soil Analysis, Physical Methods 1991 Marcel Dekker Inc. New York 161-207
94. H. Zilliacus De Geer moraines in Finland and the annual moraine problem Fennia 165 2 1987 145-239
95. http://www.fmi.fi (accessed June 1, 2004). Meteorological Institute of Finland.