The accountability function of the courts in Tanzania and Zambia

Democratization and the Judiciary: The Accountability Function of Courts in New Democracies

Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 81-98

  Gloppen, Siri ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

^b CHR MICHELSEN INSTITUTE   (Norway)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 32644485238     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203485408     Document Type: Chapter

References (40)

1. The analysis is based on interviews conducted in T anzania in July/August 2002 and in Zambia in October 2002 with members of the judiciary and with users and observers of the legal system from the legal community, nongovernmental organisations (NGOs), academia, the media, government, and 'ordinary people'. It also draws on existing studies: Sufian H. Bukurura, The Judiciary and Good Government in Tanzania (Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute, 1995);
2. George Kunda, 'The Zambian Judiciary in the 21st Century', Zambia Law Journal, Vol.29 (1998), http://zamlii.zamnet.zm/comment/zlj/artsfull/30z29.htm;
3. Chris Maina Peter, Human Rights Case Book (Konstanz: Hartung-Gorre Verlag, 1997)
4. Lise Rakner et al., Analysing Political Processes in the Context of Multiparty Elections: Zambia 2001-2002 (Bergen: CMI/Inesor Project Reports, Chr. Michelsen Institute, 2002);
5. John Ruhangisa, Human Rights in Tanzania, unpublished doctoral thesis, University of London, 1998;
6. Jennifer Widner, Building the Rule of Law in Africa (New York: Norton Press, 2001).
7. See Guillermo O'Donnell, 'Horizontal Accountability in New Democracies', in Andreas Schedler et al. (eds) The Self-Restraining State (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1999), pp 29-51.
8. See Roberto Gargarella, 'In Search of a Democratic Justice-What Courts Should Not Do: Argentina, 1983-2002', pp.181-97, this volume.
9. Professor Chris. M.Peter, interview, University of Dar-es-Salaam, July 2002.
10. See Peter, Human Rights (note 1), Widner (note 1), Bukurura (note 1) and Ruhangisa (note 1).
11. On the term 'say "no" and make it stick', see C.Larkins, 'Judicial Independence and Democratization: A Theoretical and Conceptual Analysis', American Journal of Comparative Law, Vol.44, No.4 (1996), p.610.
12. Judge Munou, interview, Moshi, August 2002.
13. John Ruhangisa, Registrar of the East African Court, interview, Arusha, August 2002.
14. Rev. Christopher Mtikila versus Attorney General (High Court of Tanzania at Dodoma, 1993). reported in Volume I
15. Commonwealth Human Rights Law Digest (1996), p.11 and in Peter, Human Rights (note 1) p.674.
16. Peter Ng'omango versus Gerson M.K.Mwarangwa and another. High Court of Tanzania at Dodoma, (1992), reported in Peter, Human Rights (note 1) p.309.
17. Court of Appeal of Tanzania at Arusha, Pumbun and Another versus Attorney-General and Another, (1993) 2 LRC 317.
18. See Alfred Chanda, 'Constitutionality of the Public Order Amendment Act and its Application to Date', The Human Rights Observer, Vol.3 (October 2000), http://www.oneworld.org/afronet/theobserver/%e2%80%a8Vol3_page6.htm
19. Judge Nsekela, interview, Dar-es-Salaam, July 2002.
20. P.Mlebusi, Red Cross Society of Tanzania, interview, Dar-es-Salam, July 2002. For the public documents in the case see Bunge News, Vol.16 (July 2002), special issue on 'Separation of Powers between Legislature and Judiciary'.
21. Jenerali Ulimwengu, chairman of the Habari Corporation, member of Media Council, interview, Dar es Salaam, July, 2002.
22. Kabazo Chanda, interview, Bergen, January 2002.
23. Fred M'membe, Editor-in-Chief of The Post, 6 May 1996, quoted in Peter Burnell, 'Legislative-Executive Relations in Zambia: Parliamentary Reform on the Agenda', Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol.21, No.1 (2003), p.47.
24. Reported in The Post (Lusaka) 27 June and 2 July 2002, and remarked on by Sakwiba Sikota, United Party for National Development Member of Parliament, interview, Lusaka, October 2002.
25. Supreme Court of Zambia: Christine Mulundika and 7 Others v. The People (SCZ/25/1995).
26. See Chanda, 'Constitutionality' (note 16).
27. HCZ, 1996 (unreported), printed in The Post (Lusaka), 4-8 November 1996.
28. The People v. Fred M'membe, Matsauso Phiri and Bright Mwape (HP/38/1996, unreported), http://www.post.co.zm/legal3.htm.
29. See F.M Ng'andu and K.C.Chanda 'The Role of the Judiciary in Promoting Transparency and Honesty in the Zambian Electoral Process', report presented at final workshop of the Norad/CMI/Inesor project on 'Political Processes in Zambia', Lusaka, October 2002.
30. Godfrey Miyanda and Others v. Attorney General, the Electoral Commission and Returning Officer for Presidential Elections (HP/1174/2001).
31. A.M.Lewanika and others versus FJ.T.Chiluba. SCZ/8/EP/4/96 ('The first presidential petition'). Judgement on 10 November 1998(9), at http://www.oneworld.org/afronet/%20other/petition.htm http://www.hrw.org/reports/1996/Zambia.htm
32. John G.March and Johan P.Olsen, Democratic Governance (New York: Free Press 1995).
33. See particularly the 5 million Tsh judgement.
34. Constitution of Zambia, 1995, Article 93 and 95.
35. Geoffrey Mulenga, Legal Services Centre, interview, Lusaka, October 2002.
36. Amon Chaligha et al., 'Uncritical Citizens or Patient Trustees? Tanzanians' Views of Political and Economic Reform', Afrobarometer Paper No.18 (Cape Town: IDASA), p.43.
37. Clement Mashamba, Legal and Human Rights Centre, interview, Dar es Salaam, August 2002.
38. Chaligha et al. (note 50) p.43.
39. J.Chanda vs. The People (HCZ/1999, unreported).
40. Matrine Chulu, Wilsa, Lusaka, October 2002.