Differences in the UV-spectra of the hop-derived cis- and trans-iso-α-acids

Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists

Volumn 64, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 47-51

  Hughes, Paul ^a  

^a Heineken International   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HUMULUS LUPULUS;

EID: 32644433294     PISSN: 03610470     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1094/ASBCJ-64-0047     Document Type: Article

References (14)

1. de Keukeleire, D., and Verzele, M. The absolute configuration of the isohumulones and the humulinic acids. Tetrahedron 27:4939-4945, 1971.
2. de Keukeleire, D., and Verzele, M. The absolute configuration of iso alpha acids and derived substances and the implications for alpha acids isomerization. J. Inst. Brew. 78:254-256, 1972.
3. de Keukeleire, D., and Verzele, M. Chemistry and Analysis of Hop and Beer Bitter Acids, Elsevier, Amsterdam. Pp. 98-102, 1991.
4. Foresman, J. B., and Frisch, A. Exploring Chemistry with Electronic Structure Methods. 2nd ed. Gaussian Inc., Pittsburgh, PA., 1996.
5. Frisch, M. J., Trucks, G. W., Schlegel, H. B., Scuseria, G. E., Robb, M. A., Cheeseman, J. R., Zakrzewski, V. G., Montgomery, Jr., J. A., Stratmann, R. E., Burant, J. C., Dapprich, S., Millam, J. M., Daniels, A. D., Kudin, K. N., Strain, M. C., Farkas, O., Tomasi, J., Barone, V., Cossi, M., Cammi, R., Mennucci, B., Pomelli, C., Adamo, C., Clifford, S., Ochterski, J., Petersson, G. A., Ayala, P. Y., Cui, Q., Morokuma, K., Malick, D. K., Rabuck, A. D., Raghavachari, K., Foresman, J. B., Cioslowski, J., Ortiz, J. V., Baboul, A. G., Stefanov, B. B., Liu, G., Liashenko, A., Piskorz, P., Komaromi, I., Gomperts, R., Martin, R. L., Fox, D. J., Keith, T., Al-Laham, M. A., Peng, C. Y., Nanayakkara, A., Challacombe, M., Gill, P. M. W., Johnson, B., Chen, W., Wong, M. W., Andres, J. L., Gonzalez, C., Head-Gordon, M., Replogle, E. S., and Pople, J. A. Gaussian 98, Revision A.9, Gaussian, Inc., Pittsburgh PA, 1998.
6. Hughes, P. S. Food Analysis by HPLC. L. M. L. Nollet, Ed. Marcel Dekker, New York, NY. 2nd ed, pp. 761-774, 2000.
7. Hughes, P. S., and Simpson, W. J. Interactions between hop bitter acids and metal cations assessed by ultra-violet spectrophotometry. Cerevisia Biotechnol. 20(2):35-39, 1995.
8. Meilgaard, M. C. Hop analysis, cohumulone factor and the bitterness of beer: Review and critical evaluation. J. Inst. Brew. 66:35-50, 1960.
9. Simpson, W. J. Ionization behaviour of hop compounds and hop-derived compounds. J. Inst. Brew. 99:317-326, 1993.
10. Thornton, H. A., Kulandai, J., Bond, M., Jontef, M. P., Hawthorne, D. B., and Kavanagh, T. E. Preparation of trans-iso-alpha acids and use of their dicyclohexylamine salts as a standard for iso-alpha acids analysis. J. Inst. Brew. 99:473-477, 1993.
11. Thornton, H. A., Kulandai, J., Hawthorne, D. B., and Kavanagh, T. E. Preparation of a trans-isohumulones standard (letter to the editor). J. Inst. Brew. 96:367, 1990.
12. Ting, P. L., and Goldstein, H. Preparation and purification of hop acids and their derivatives. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 54:103-109, 1996.
13. Williams, D. H., and Fleming, I. Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry. McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., Maidenhead, UK. 5th ed., 1995.
14. Wong, M. W., Wiberg, K. B., and Frisch, M. J. Solvent Effects 3. Tautomeric equilibria of formamide and 2-pyridone in the gas phase and solution: An ab initio SCRF study. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114:1645-1652, 1992.