Energy trade as a confidence-building measure between India and Pakistan: A study of the Indo-Iran trans-Pakistan pipeline project

Contemporary South Asia

Volumn 14, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 307-320

  Pandian, S G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HULL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CIVIL ENGINEERING; NATURAL GAS; PIPELINE;

ASIA; EURASIA; INDIA; PAKISTAN; SOUTH ASIA;

EID: 32544460122     PISSN: 09584935     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09584930500463750     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. SAARC Workshop on Energy Held in New Delhi (New Delhi: Government of India Press Information Bureau, press release, 17 March 2004). For more discussions on the impact of Indo-Pakistan hostility towards institutional arrangements in South Asia,
2. see S.G. Pandian, 'Moving South Asia's economies beyond the Indo-Pakistan paradigm in the South Asian Regional Association for Cooperation', Contemporary South Asia, Vol 11, No 3, November 2002, pp 329-344.
3. Swati Pandey and Teresita C. Schaffer, 'Building confidence in India and Pakistan', South Asia Monitor (Washington DC: Centre for Strategic and International Studies, No 49, 1 August 2002), p 1.
4. During the past 50 years, India's Gross Domestic Product and energy consumption have grown simultaneously. See Report of the Group on India Hydrocarbons Vision - 2025, Volume I (New Delhi: Government of India, 25 February 2000).
5. Ashok Mubayi, 'Indian energy market moves into a new generation', Power Economics, Vol 4, No 2, February 2000, p. 18.
6. Cited in 'India needs long-term projections for energy needs', The Economic Times, Vol 6, 8 March 2001, .
7. South Asia Regional Overview (Washington, DC: Energy Information Administration, March 2001).
8. The peak electricity demand of 84,574 MW is met at 75,066 MW, resulting in a shortfall of 9508 MW. See Power Sector Data (New Delhi: Government of India Ministry of Power Central Electricity Authority, April 2004).
9. 'Energy in India: An overview', South Asia Monitor (Washington DC: Centre for Strategic and International Studies, No 14, 1 October 1999), p 2.
10. Ibid.
11. Coal contributes approximately 67% of India's energy demands. The energy derived from coal in India is about twice that of energy derived from oil, in contrast to most other countries where coal-derived energy is 30% lower than its oil-driven counterpart. See India (London:, World Energy Council Energy Data Centre, 1999).
12. Mubayi, op cit, Ref 4.
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid.
15. 'Assured gas supply sought from Iran, Bangladesh', The Hindu, 28 June 2001, .
16. For more details, see Jaideep Singh and Terisita Schaffer, 'India's energy outlook', South Asia Monitor (Washington, DC: Centre for Strategic and International Studies, No 37, 1 September 2001), pp 1-3
17. and G. Parthasarathy, 'The quest for energy security', Rediff online at www.rediff.com (accessed 6 July 2001).
18. According to the estimates of the World Energy Council, India's proven gas reserves of 540 billion cubic metres in 1998 will last just under 23 years at current production levels. For more details, see India, op cit, Ref 10.
19. 'Indian LNG projects boom in full swing', Oil & Gas Journal, 19 June 2000, p 68.
20. Sushma Ramachandran, 'Imperatives of long term policy', The Hindu, 18 November 2002, .
21. Op cit, Ref 17.
22. 'Reliance makes one of largest global gas discoveries this year', Alexander's Gas and Oil Connections, Vol 7, No 23, 27 November 2002, .
23. Report of the Group on India Hydrocarbons Vision - 2025, Volume I (New Delhi: Government of India, 25 February 2000).
24. The installation of gas-fired electricity generating capacity more than doubled in the first half of the 1990s, from 2552 to 5632 MW in 1995. India's ninth 5-year plan (1997-2002) called for the construction of several gas-fired power plants. See Victoria Thomas, 'Open for business', International Gas, December 1998, Vol 81, No 12, p 22.
25. India: Country Analysis Briefs (Washington, DC: Energy Information Administration, July 2001).
26. For a detailed analysis on the disruptive impact of the Suez War, the Six Day war, the Arab-Israeli War, the Iranian Revolution, the Iran-Iraq War, and the Gulf War on India, see R.K. Pachauri, Beyond KG Gas and Iraq: An Energy Strategy for India (New Delhi: Tata Energy Research Institute, 20 December 2002).
27. This proposal offered an offshore pipeline of 300 kilometres to be laid between Iran and Oman, followed by an overland pipeline of equivalent length in Oman where the gasification process was to be undertaken. The pressurised gas was to be transported from the southern part of Oman to India through an offshore pipeline. See Yeshi Seli, 'In the pipeline', Business India, 3 February 2002,
28. See Dev George, 'Oman to India pipeline stillborn', Offshore, Vol 56, No 4, April 1996, p 10;
29. and 'Iran-Pakistan-India gas pipeline plan stuck in political dilemma', Alexander's Gas and Oil Connections, Vol 5, No 12, 7 July 2000, .
30. 'Gas pipeline from Myanmar through Bangladesh Pressure for transit', The New Nation, 23 January 2004, .
31. Manjeet Kripalani, 'India's worsening power vacuum', Business Week, 28 November 2001, PN .
32. Farah Naaz, 'Indo-Iranian relations: Vital factors in the 1990s', Strategic Analysis, Vol XXV, No 2, May 2001, pp 227-241.
33. B. Raman, Liberalisation, But not Normalisation (Chennai: South Asia Analysis Group: Madras Paper No 272, 6 July 2001).
34. 'Reliance plans submarine gas pipeline', Power Economics, Vol 4, No 1, January 2000, p 9.
35. Warren R. True, 'Subsea pipelay systems', repair tools advance', Oil & Gas Journal, 6 September 1999, p 52.
36. Khaleeq Kiani, 'Slim prospects of trans-Pakistan gas pipeline', Dawn, 12 April 2001, .
37. Hassaan Vahidy and Fereidun Fesharaki, 'Pakistan's gas discoveries eliminate import need', Oil & Gas Journal, 28 January 2002, pp 24-34.
38. 'Pakistan to slash oil imports from Gulf by a third', Alexanders Gas and Oil Connections, Vol 6, No 11, 18 June 2001, .
39. 'Gas rates to rise up to 130pc in 3 years, subsidy to go', Dawn, 2 March 2002, .
40. Vahidy and Fesharaki, op cit, Ref 34.
41. 'Pakistan faces natural gas shortfall in future', Alexander's Gas and Oil Connections, Vol 7, No 6, 21 March 2002, .
42. Vahidy and Fesharaki, op cit, Ref 34.
43. Naaz, op cit, Ref 29.
44. 'Iran-India study on gas project by June', Dawn, 10 January 2002, .
45. R.K. Pachauri, 'On track with Teheran: Shift in India's West Asia strategy', The Times of India, 19 April 2001, .
46. India may Extend Sovereign Guarantee to Pipeline from Iran (New Delhi: Press Trust of India, 11 February 2005).
47. 'LNG: Fuel of the future', Chemical Business, April 2001, Vol 15, No 4, p 12.
48. Ibid.
49. 'BG aims to sell low-cost Iranian LNG to India', IranExpert, 7 March 2003, online at http://www.iranexpert.com/2003/iranlnggas7march.htm (accessed 2 June 2005).
50. Archana Chaudhary, 'BG India plans strategy to cut LNG cost', Business Line, 30 March 2003, .
51. Ibid.
52. 'RasGas agrees to renegotiate LNG price', 13 January 2003, Rediff online at http://www.rediff.com/money/2003/jan/13rasgas.htm (accessed 7 June 2005).
53. Op cit, Ref 17.
54. Op cit, Ref 17.
55. 'BHP promises cheapest gas to India from Iran', Petrowatch, Vol 6, No 2, 27 March 2002, .
56. R.K. Pachauri, 'The pipeline of peace', The Indian Express, 21 January 2003, .
57. Op cit, Ref 17.
58. This view was expressed by Mr Samson, a senior executive of Broken Hill Propriety, while speaking at the Fourth Indian Oil and Gas Conference in 2002. See Paul Samson, 'Proposed Iran to India gas overland pipeline: project overview', paper presented at the Deregulation & Restructuring of the Oil & Gas Sectors: Challenges & Opportunities, Fourth Indian Oil and Gas Conference, held in New Delhi, India, 14-16 January 2002.
59. Ibid.
60. Ibid.
61. 'Iran pipeline could further improve ties with India', Times of India, 25 February 2005, .